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CRACKING CSS ESSAY With AAREZ

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
38 views

CRACKING CSS ESSAY With AAREZ

Uploaded by

Khadija Amir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CRACK THE CODE WITH AAREZ

1) essay comprehension and thesis


2) topic selection
3) outlines
4) dos and donts
5) introduction
6) conclusion
7) essay body and paragraphs
8) quotations /references/authorities
with suggested readings
9) past paper analysis

CRACKING CSS PRECIS

1) rules of précis
2) rules of comprehension
3) rules of sentence correction
4) rules of translation
5) vocabulary/pair of words
6) idioms/active and passive speech
7) prepositions
8) past paper analysis
CRACK THE CODE WITH AAREZ
ESSAY REQUIREMENTS:

1) Make an outline
2) comprehensive essay.
3) (2500 or 3000) words
4) maximum marks 100
5) Time allowed 3 hours

MY REQUIREMENTS:

1) TOPIC SELECTION
2) COMPREHENSION
3) THESIS/STANCE
4) OUTLINE/CONTENTS
5) INTRODUCTION
6) CONCLUSION
7) KNOWLEDGE BASE
8) COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
9) AUTHORITIES, QOUTES, REFERENCES
10) CURRENT AFFAIRS INFLUENCE
11) BALANCED APPROACH/APOLITICAL
12) NO CONTROVERSY
13) No diagrams, no headings, continuous paragraph writing
14) FACILITATE THE EXAMINER
15) Stay away from democracy, proverbial, gender, religion and
education
CRACK THE CODE WITH AAREZ

1) Essay comprehension and Topic


selection + PAST PAPER ANALYSIS:

English Essay CSS Paper 2021


1. “Do not waste water even if you were at a running stream”.

2. Meaning purposive education.

3. COVID-19: A wake up call for Pakistani researchers.

4. Human inventions move the societies backward.

5. Universal human equality is utopic.

6. Bureaucracy doldrums.

7. Gender equality: A popular slogan

8. Pros and cons of globalization.

9. Intercultural communication is panacea to avoid 3rd world


war.

10. “I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed”.

Essay CSS Paper 2020


1. Do We really need literature in our lives?
2. Women universities as agents of change.
3. Pakistan and the future of Kashmir cause.
4. Polarized politics: the issues and challenges of
democracy in Pakistan.
5. Global power dynamics and Pakistan’s foreign policy.
6. Pakistan’s informatal economy: the way forward.
7. Promoting tourism in Pakistan: opportunities and
challenges.
8. I do not agree with what you have to say, but I’ll
defend to the death your right to say it.
9. Is Pakistan ready for digital revolution?
10. IMG bailouts: roads to stability or recipes for
disaster.

Essay CSS Paper 2019


1. Let there be more light in the corridors of worship
places.
2. New war fronts lie in economic zones.
3. Urdu Literature and Progressive Movement.
4. Art for peace.
5. Truth is lived, not taught.
6. New waves of feminism and our culture.
7. Democracy and Illiteracy do not move together.
8. Sometimes we do not see what we see.
9. Expanding Information Technology; A curse of
blessing.
10. Classrooms decide the future of the nation.

Essay Paper - 2018


1. Real development should transform people's lives,
not just economic statistics.

2. Higher education in Pakistan: ills and remedies.

3. Too many of us are not living our dreams because we


are living our fears.

4. China – Pakistan economic Corridor (CPEC) and it's


socio-economic implications for the region and the
world.
5. Beware the barrenness of a busy life!

6. The emerging power of social media: prospects and


problems.

7. In the fight against terrorism and corruption, it is


imperative not to compromise human rights and civil
liberties.

8. The threat global warming and the ways to counter it.

9. Will the "Rule of Law" always remain an


impracticable myth in our country?

10. Democracy in Pakistan: Hopes and Hurdles

CSS ESSAY 2017


1. Is colonial mentality impeding Pakistan’s progress?

2. Brexit means globalization is the rhetoric of the privileged, and capitalism


will return ferociously as ever.

3. More and more International military engagements by the United Nations; is


the world moving towards peace?

4. Modernity is an unending project.

5. Feminism is not really a Third World issue.

6. Literature is a lonely planet of idealists.

7. Being a minority is a fate no one wants. Can nationalism be really inclusive?

8. Ideologies thrive on notions of resistance, yet change is a simulation.

9. Are modern wars not holy wars?

10. Life without controversy is no life. But why one should not choose the safe
haven of conformism?
English essay 2016
1. World as a global village: learning to live together.
2. We have to learn to be our own best friend, because we fall
top easily into the trap of being our own worst enemies.
3. Water crisis and national unity.
4. The place of Urdu in Pakistan and supreme court's ruling on
making Urdu the official language of the country.
5. Crisis of good governance in Pakistan: need for reforms and
institution building.
6. Promotion of Tax culture in Pakistan: perspective, prospects
and challenges.
7. Gender equality is a myth.
8. The creation of New province in Pakistan: implications far
an integrated country
9. Does foreign aid help to achieve economic stability.
10. Frailty, thy name is women.

Essay Paper 2015


1: The War on terror has contributed to the growing abuse of
human rights

2: Anticipation is often greater than realization

3: Punctuality is virtue of bored

4: The introduction of new digital technologies has radically


altered identities

5: In a hierarchy every employee tends to rise to is level of


incompetence

6: I disapprove what you say, but I defend to death your right


to say

7: Luxury predecessors becomes the necessity of successors

8: When life throws you lemons , make lemonade

9: Govt Should eliminate subsidies and incentives for


manufacturers and consumers of electric cars as they are
costly and do not do enough to protect environment

10: Labor saving devices are more troublesome than they


worth

Essay Paper 2014


1. literature as a great cultural artifact
2. Language is a fit data for research in humanities and social
science
3. Privatizing higher education-generating knowledge or
making more money for the opulent
4. Women sportspersons are new ambassadors of the soft
image of Pakistan
5. Post-modern ethos - a challenge to the west
6. Look to the east for a holistic progress
7. Great nations win without fighting
8. Can meaning be fixed?
9. The character of a nation can be judged by its symbolic
narratives
10. violence is the last refuge of the incompetent.

Essay paper 2013


1. There should be colleges and schools just for men/boys and
some just for women/girls.

2. Let me take care of today, tomorrow shall take care of


itself.

3. The traditional male role changed in the last 20 years.

4. Gender equality is a myth.

5. Meaning and purpose of education.

6. If gold rust what shall the iron do.

7. Country life is better than city life.

8. Free speech should have limitations.


9. Not economy but politics is a key to success.

10. Modern day communication via social networks puts an


end of true and sincere relationships.

CSS ESSAY 2012


1. Energy Crisis in Pakistan: Causes and Consequences
2. Obesity is the root cause of all disease
3. Beggars cannot be choosers
4. The United Nations in the 21st Century: Obligations and
Limitations
5. Brains like hearts go where they are appreciated
6. The Emerging Power of Public Opinion
7. The suffering Soul in the Scientific Age
8. A Critical Analysis of Education Systems in Pakistan
9. Democracy is a culture rather than a process
10. Social and Economic Securities for Women in Islam

Essay paper 2011


1. Truth is a rare commodity despite the freedom by the print
and electronic media

2.Without good communication skills, life becomes impossible


in the modern world.

3.The time we live in is the winter of the world.

4. In this country reason does not apply to anything,

5.Does Pakistan society regard woman as the angel in the


house or source of all evils?

6. Disaster management and government preparedness

7.Fair play and life, as it is lived,in the land of the pure.


8.The pleasures of reading.

9.What are the hurdles in our way to becoming a truly


independent state?

10.Insanity in individuals is something rare but in


groups,parties and nations it is the rule.

Essay Paper 2010


01. Literature is the best criticism of life.

02. Dialogue is the best course to combat terrorism.

03. Pakistan is rich in natural resources but very poor in their


management.

04. The U.N.O has failed to measure up to the demands of its


charter.

05. All humans are born equal in dignity and rights but they
are in shackles everywhere.

06. Why is there no status of the third gender in Pakistan?

07. Can women be equal to men in Pakistan?

08. Without independent truth-finding commission ,


accountability is unachievable.

09. Religion has done more harm than help to human relations
in the world.

10. The world politics stands more derisive than it was ever
before due to the specific imperialist designs.

Essay Paper 2009


1. The Future of Democracy in Pakistan.

2. Health is not a condition of matter, but of mind.


3. co.education , Merits and Demerits

4. The food crisis: problems , challenges and opportunitities


for Pakistan.

5. English as the Medium of Education in Pakistan.

6. The future of UNO, Hopes and Hurdles

7. There is no great genious without a mixture of madness.

8. Status of Women in Islam

9. Pakistan's War on terror and its impact on our psyche and


politic.socio.economic fronts.

10. Power of Media in the Modern World.

ESSAY 2008
1. Moral depravity is the root cause of poverty.
2. Peace the essential message of our religion
3. Time management is the key note of success.
4. Lack of discipline - a national disaster.
5. Materialism in the death of spirituality.
6. Poetry is teh highest form of expression - the greatest
proof is the Holy Quran.
7. Dreams for future rely on the work of today.
8. Can be prevent the Third World War?
9. Global Warming, fact or fiction?

CSS ESSAY 2007


Q.1. ‘The more developed a country, the more
lethally it is armed.’
Q.2. Higher education as an agent of change.
Q.3. The future of mankind in a ‘Global Warming’
perspective.
Q.4. The image of Islam in the western world and
responsibilities of the Muslim Ummah.
Q.5. A country is backward because its people are
backward.
Q.6. Globalization and electronic media.
Q.7. “The present system of education must
assume some of the responsibilities of our failures.”
Discuss.
Q.8. “Politics is the art of possible.” Discuss.
Q.9. Terrorism as a new threat to the
contemporary world.
Q.10. The state of Women Rights in Pakistan.

CSS ESSAY 2006


essay 2006

Write A Comprehensive And Analytical Essay On One Of The


Following Topics :

1. truth In Short Supply


2. liberalism
3. humour In Udru Literature
4. foreign Direc Investment In Pakistan
5. personaliszayion Of Pakistani Politics
6. global Warming
7. nuclear Waepons Are 'not Only A Great Peril, But A Great
Hope'
8. 'brain, Like Hearts, Go Where They Are Appreciated'
9. 'lots Of Folks Confuse Bad Management With Destiny'
10. 'there Comes A Time To Put Aside Principles And Do
What's Right'
11. 'we Grown Too Old Soon And Too Late Smart'
12. 'every Solution Breeds New Problems'

Essay Paper 2005


1. Strategies for the alleviation of poverty.
2. Socio-Economic Challenges faced by Pakistan.
3. Estrangement from our own culture is driving us on the
verge of collapse, not just our identity but also morality.
4. Reforms in Examination systems
5. Persecuted poor woman.
6. The search for truth.
7. Islam versus the West.

Essay Paper 2004


1) Humanism
2) The end of cheap oil
3) All recorder history is contemporaneous
4) Pluralistic vision of Islam
5) Longing for Love
6) "A long Dispute means that both parties are wrong"
7) Modern Banking, finance and employment are part of
one single paradigm
8) Peer Pressure

CSS ESSAY 2003


1. Formal and Casual dressing Codes.
2. Attitude of indifference.
3. "Only the wisest and stupidest of men never change".———
Kung Fu-lzu Confucius.
4. Dilemma of the water and energy crisis in Pakistan.
5. Art Critics and reviewers.
6. Young habits die-hard.
7. Existentialism.

Essay Paper 2002


1. World scenario in 21st century and Pakistan's Role in it.

2. International Crisis in Terrorism.

3 "Every art is an imitation of nature".

4 Higher Science Education in the developing countries.

5 Austerity as a solution of all our economic problems.

6. "Politics is perhaps the only profession for which no


preparation is thought necessary".
7. Higher Economic problems in Pakistan and how to. meet
them.

8. , "A little philosophy inclincth man's mind to atheism; but


depth in philosophy bringeth man's minds about to religion".

9. Art and Morality.

10. "Of all the needs a book has, the chief need is that it be
readable".

11. "Education ahs for its object the formation of character".

12. Need for serious planning in technical education in


Pakistan.

CSS ESSAY 2001


1. “Turn not thy cheek in scorn towards folk nor walk with
pertness in the land”. (Al-Quran)
2. Economic prosperity of a nation is directly proportional to
the level of literacy in it.
3. “Justice delayed is justice denied”.
4. National integration.
5. “Experience is the name everyone gives to their mistakes”.
6. It is not only fine feathers that make fine birds.
7. On tolerance.
8. Self-conceit may lead to self destruction.
9. He who eats the fruit should at least plant the seed.
10. “The best place to find a helping hand is at the end of your
arm”.
11. Public office is a public trust.
12. Devolution of power in Pakistan.

CSS ESSAY 2000


1. Good governance and the role of the public servant.

2. Sweet are the uses of adversity.

3. “Hero-worship is the strongest where there is least regard


for human freedom”.

4. Advancement in science and technology is the gateway to


the economic prosperity of a country.

5. The barbarity of ethnic cleansing.

6. “Education makes a people easy to lead, but difficult to


drive, easy to govern, but impossible to enslave”.

7. “We never know the worth of water till the well is dry:.

8. Progressive alleviation of poverty in Pakistan - an overview.

9. “If you wish the sympathy of broad manes, then you must
tell them the crudest and most stupid things”.

10. Moral standards in international relations.

11. “Personal liberty is the paramount essential to human


dignity and human happiness”.

12. “The purification of politics is an iridescent dream”


CRACK THE CODE WITH AAREZ

TOPIC ANALYSIS:

4 year rule – repetition of topics


odd year rule – global issue based
even year rule – pakistan issue based
RELIGION:
Let there be more light in the corridors of worship
places. (2019)
Social and Economic Securities for Women in Islam (2012)
Religion has done more harm than help to human relations in
the world. (2010)
Status of Women in Islam (2009)
Peace the essential message of our religion (2008)
The image of Islam in the western world and
responsibilities of the Muslim Ummah. (2007)
Islam versus the West. (2005)
Pluralistic vision of Islam (2004)

NATIONAL INTEGRATION :
Being a minority is a fate no one wants. Can nationalism be really inclusive?
(2017)
Water crisis and national unity. (2016)
The creation of New province in Pakistan: implications far an
integrated country (2016)
The character of a nation can be judged by its symbolic
narratives (2014)
National integration. (2001)
Devolution of power in Pakistan. (2001)

GOOD GOVERNANCE:
Good governance and the role of the public servant. (css
2000)
Public office is a public trust. (2001)
Devolution of power in Pakistan. (2001)
The food crisis: problems , challenges and opportunitities for
Pakistan. (2009)
Without independent truth-finding commission , accountability
is unachievable. (2010)
Disaster management and government preparedness (2011)
Crisis of good governance in Pakistan: need for reforms and
institution building. (2016)

Will the "Rule of Law" always remain an impracticable


myth in our country? (2018)

Bureaucracy doldrums. (css 2021)

EDUCATION:

Meaning purposive education. (css 2021)

Women universities as agents of change. (2020)

Urdu Literature and Progressive Movement.


(2019)Classrooms decide the future of the nation.
(2019) Higher education in Pakistan: ills and remedies.
(2018)

Privatizing higher education-generating knowledge or making


more money for the opulent (2014)
There should be colleges and schools just for men/boys and
some just for women/girls (2013)

Meaning and purpose of education. (2013)


A Critical Analysis of Education Systems in Pakistan
(2012)co.education , Merits and Demerits (2009)
English as the Medium of Education in Pakistan. (2009)
Higher education as an agent of change. (2007)The
present system of education must assume some of the
responsibilities of our failures.” Discuss. (2007)

Reforms in Examination systems (2005) Higher Science


Education in the developing countries. (2002)
Education has for its object the formation of character". (2002)
Need for serious planning in technical education in Pakistan.
(2002)Economic prosperity of a nation is directly proportional
to the level of literacy in it. (2001)
Education makes a people easy to lead, but difficult to drive,
easy to govern, but impossible to enslave”. (2000)

PAKISTAN FOREIGN POLICY:

Pakistan and the future of Kashmir cause. (2020) Global


power dynamics and Pakistan’s foreign policy. (2020)
China – Pakistan economic Corridor (CPEC) and it's
socio-economic implications for the region and the
world. (2018)

What are the hurdles in our way to becoming a truly


independent state? (2011)
9. Pakistan's War on terror and its impact on our psyche and
politic.socio.economic fronts. (2009)
World scenario in 21st century and Pakistan's Role in it. (2002)

GENDER:

Gender equality: A popular slogan (2021) Women


universities as agents of change. (2020)

New waves of feminism and our culture. (2019)

Feminism is not really a Third World issue. (2017)


Frailty, thy name is women. (2016)

Gender equality is a myth. (2016)Women sportspersons are


new ambassadors of the soft image of Pakistan (2014)

Gender equality is a myth. (2013)


Does Pakistan society regard woman as the angel in the house
or source of all evils? (2011)
Why is there no status of the third gender in Pakistan? (2010)
Can women be equal to men in Pakistan? (2010)
Status of Women in Islam (2009)
The state of Women Rights in Pakistan. (2007)
Persecuted poor woman. (2005)

ENERGY and RESOURCES

“Do not waste water even if you were at a running stream”


(css 2021)Water crisis and national unity. (2016)
Energy Crisis in Pakistan: Causes and Consequences
(2012)Pakistan is rich in natural resources but very poor in
their management. (2010)

The food crisis: problems , challenges and opportunitities for


Pakistan. (2009)
Dilemma of the water and energy crisis in Pakistan. (2003)

We never know the worth of water till the well is dry. (2000)

CLIMATE CHANGE:

The threat global warming and the ways to counter it.


(2018)
Govt Should eliminate subsidies and incentives for
manufacturers and consumers of electric cars as they are
costly and do not do enough to protect environment (2015)
Global Warming, fact or fiction? (2008)The future of
mankind in a ‘Global Warming’ perspective.(2007)
global Warming (2006)

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS:

Pros and cons of globalization. (2021) Intercultural


communication is panacea to avoid 3rd world war. (2021)

New war fronts lie in economic zones. (2019)


Brexit means globalization is the rhetoric of the privileged, and capitalism will
return ferociously as ever. (2017)
More and more International military engagements by the United Nations; is
the world moving towards peace? (2017)
Are modern wars not holy wars? (2017)
World as a global village: learning to live together. (2016)

The United Nations in the 21st Century: Obligations and


Limitations (2012)

Dialogue is the best course to combat terrorism (2010)


The U.N.O has failed to measure up to the demands of its
charter. (2010)

The future of UNO, Hopes and Hurdles (2009)


Can we prevent the Third World War? (2008)
The more developed a country, the more lethally it is
armed.’ (2007)
Globalization and electronic media. (2007)
Terrorism as a new threat to the contemporary world.
(2007)
nuclear Waepons Are 'not Only A Great Peril, But A Great
Hope'(2006)
The end of cheap oil. (2004)
International Crisis in Terrorism. (2002)
The barbarity of ethnic cleansing. (2000)
Moral standards in international relations. (2000)

PAKISTAN ECONOMY:

Pakistan’s informal economy: the way forward. (2020)


Promoting tourism in Pakistan: opportunities and
challenges. (2020)

IMf bailouts: roads to stability or recipes for disaster.


(2020)
Real development should transform people's lives, not
just economic statistics. (2018)
China – Pakistan economic Corridor (CPEC) and it's
socio-economic implications for the region and the
world. (2018)
Does foreign aid help to achieve economic stability. (2016)
Promotion of Tax culture in Pakistan: perspective, prospects
and challenges. (2016)
Not economy but politics is a key to success. (2013)

foreign DirecT Investment In Pakistan (2006)

Strategies for the alleviation of poverty. (2005)


Socio-Economic Challenges faced by Pakistan. (2005)

Austerity as a solution of all our economic problems. (2002)


Higher Economic problems in Pakistan and how to. meet them.
(2002)
Advancement in science and technology is the gateway to the
economic prosperity of a country. (2000)

Progressive alleviation of poverty in Pakistan - an overview.


(2000)

SCIENCE, RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY and society:

COVID-19: A wake up call for Pakistani researchers. (2021)

Human inventions move the societies backward. (2021)

Is Pakistan ready for digital revolution? (2020)


Expanding Information Technology; A curse of blessing.
(2019)

The emerging power of social media: prospects and


problems. (2018)
Is colonial mentality impeding Pakistan’s progress? (2017)

The introduction of new digital technologies has radically


altered identities (2015)
Labor saving devices are more troublesome than they worth
(2015)

The traditional male role changed in the last 20 years. (2013)


Modern day communication via social networks puts an end of
true and sincere relationships. (2013)
Obesity is the root cause of all disease (2012)

The Emerging Power of Public Opinion (2012)

The suffering Soul in the Scientific Age (2012)


Truth is a rare commodity despite the freedom by the print
and electronic media (2011)
Power of Media in the Modern World (2009)

Terrorism as a new threat to the contemporary world.


(2007)
nuclear Waepons Are 'not Only A Great Peril, But A Great
Hope' (2006)
The end of cheap oil. (2004)
Advancement in science and technology is the gateway to the
economic prosperity of a country. (2000)

DEMOCRACY AND RIGHTS:

Universal human equality is utopic (2021)

I do not agree with what you have to say, but I’ll defend
to the death your right to say it. (2020)

Polarized politics: the issues and challenges of


democracy in Pakistan. (2020)

Democracy and Illiteracy do not move together. (2019)

Democracy in Pakistan: Hopes and Hurdles (2018)

In the fight against terrorism and corruption, it is


imperative not to compromise human rights and civil
liberties. (2018)

The War on terror has contributed to the growing abuse of


human rights (2015)
I disapprove what you say, but I defend to death your right to
say (2015)
Free speech should have limitations. (2013)
The Emerging Power of Public Opinion (2012)

Democracy is a culture rather than a process (2012)


The Future of Democracy in Pakistan.(2009)
personalization Of Pakistani Politics (2006)
Devolution of power in Pakistan. (2001)

Personal liberty is the paramount essential to human dignity


and human happiness”. (2000)

PROVERBIAL / Literary:

“I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed” (2021)

Do We really need literature in our lives? (2020)

Art for peace (2019)


Truth is lived, not taught. (2019)

Sometimes we do not see what we see. (2019)

Too many of us are not living our dreams because we


are living our fears. (2018)
Beware the barrenness of a busy life! (2018)

Modernity is an unending project. (2017)


Literature is a lonely planet of idealists. (2017)
Ideologies thrive on notions of resistance, yet change is a simulation. (2017)
Life without controversy is no life. But why one should not choose the safe
haven of conformism? (2017)
We have to learn to be our own best friend, because we fall
top easily into the trap of being our own worst enemies.
(2016)
The place of Urdu in Pakistan and supreme court's ruling on
making Urdu the official language of the country. (2016)

Anticipation is often greater than realization (2015)


Punctuality is virtue of bored (2015)
In a hierarchy every employee tends to rise to is level of
incompetence (2015)
Luxury predecessors becomes the necessity of successors
(2015)
When life throws you lemons , make lemonade (2015)
literature as a great cultural artifact (2014)
Language is a fit data for research in humanities and social
science (2014)
Post-modern ethos - a challenge to the west (2014)

Look to the east for a holistic progress (2014)


Can meaning be fixed? (2014)
Violence is the last refuge of the incompetent. (2014)
Let me take care of today, tomorrow shall take care of itself
(2013)
If gold rust what shall the iron do. (2013)
Country life is better than city life. (2013)
Beggars cannot be choosers (2012)
Brains like hearts go where they are appreciated (2012)
Without good communication skills, life becomes impossible in
the modern world. (2011)
The time we live in is the winter of the world (2011)
In this country reason does not apply to anything (2011)
Fair play and life, as it is lived,in the land of the pure. (2011)
The pleasures of reading (2011)
Insanity in individuals is something rare but in groups,parties
and nations it is the rule. (2011)
Literature is the best criticism of life (2010)
All humans are born equal in dignity and rights but they are in
shackles everywhere. (2010)
The world politics stands more derisive than it was ever before
due to the specific imperialist designs. (2010)
Health is not a condition of matter, but of mind. (2009)
There is no great genious without a mixture of madness.
(2009)
Moral depravity is the root cause of poverty (2008)
Time management is the key note of success. (2008)
Lack of discipline - a national disaster (2008).
Materialism in the death of spirituality. (2008)
Poetry is the highest form of expression - the greatest proof is
the Holy Quran. (2008)
Dreams for future rely on the work of today. (2008)
‘The more developed a country, the more lethally it is
armed.’ (2007)
A country is backward because its people are backward.
(2007)
“Politics is the art of possible.” Discuss. (2007)
truth In Short Supply (2006)
liberalism (2006)
humour In Urdu Literature (2006)
'brain, Like Hearts, Go Where They Are Appreciated' (2006)
'lots Of Folks Confuse Bad Management With Destiny' (2006)
'there Comes A Time To Put Aside Principles And Do What's
Right' (2006)
'we Grown Too Old Soon And Too Late Smart' (2006)
'every Solution Breeds New Problems' (2006)
Estrangement from our own culture is driving us on the verge
of collapse, not just our identity but also morality. (2005)
The search for truth. (2005)
Humanism (2004)
All recorded history is contemporaneous (2004)
Longing for Love (2004)
"A long Dispute means that both parties are wrong" (2004)
Modern Banking, finance and employment are part of one
single paradigm (2004)
Peer Pressure (2004)
Formal and Casual dressing Codes. (2003)
Attitude of indifference. (2003)
"Only the wisest and stupidest of men never change". Kung
Fu-lzu Confucius. (2003)
Art Critics and reviewers. (2003)
Young habits die-hard. (2003)
Existentialism. (2003)
"Every art is an imitation of nature". (2002)
"Politics is perhaps the only profession for which no
preparation is thought necessary". (2002)
"A little philosophy inclincth man's mind to atheism; but depth
in philosophy bringeth man's minds about to religion". (2002)
Art and Morality. (2002)
"Of all the needs a book has, the chief need is that it be
readable". (2002)
"Turn not thy cheek in scorn towards folk nor walk with, al
quran (2001)
“Justice delayed is justice denied”. (2001)
“Experience is the name everyone gives to their mistakes”.
(2001)
It is not only fine feathers that make fine birds. (2001)
On tolerance. (2001)
Self-conceit may lead to self destruction. (2001)
He who eats the fruit should at least plant the seed. (2001)
“The best place to find a helping hand is at the end of your
arm”. (2001)
Sweet are the uses of adversity. (2000)
“Hero-worship is the strongest where there is least regard for
human freedom”. (2000)
If you wish the sympathy of broad manes, then you must tell
them the crudest and most stupid things” (2000)
The purification of politics is an iridescent dream”. (2000)

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1) INTRODUCTION

RULES:

 Wide/ open ended start


 Narrow ending
 Length: Full page
 Use qoutations - > grab attention / directly hit the topic
 Develop scenarios
 Elaborate arguments
 Summarize
 State thesis

SOURCES: NEWSPAPER ARTICLES

2) CONCLUSIONS

RULES:

 Open ended start


 Narrow ending
 Length: 60%-70% of a page.
 Extent scenario
 Summarise arguments
 Quotation
 Thesis

3) PARAGRAPHS, MAIN BODY

 Paragraphs represent each subheader/outline


 Small transitionary paragraphs may be included to indicate a new
heading.
 First line will be a mention of outline/ subheader
 Body will contain arguments, facts, figures, references, quotations,
etc.
 Last lines will connect with thesis
 Length: 50%-66% of a page.

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1) OUTLINES:

1) introduction
2) definition – (2,3)
3) historical dynamic- world/pak –(2,3)
4) effects- world/stance –(2,3)
5) causes-pak –(3,4)
6) manifestations- Pakistan –(4,5)
7) challenges/impediments-pakistan/global -(3,4)
8) way forward/thesis/stance –(4)
9) comparative analysis –(3,4)
10) conclusion

RULES:

 The most crucial part of the essay, decides pass/fail.


 Contents of a book, will depict your comprehension
 Must reflect your stance on the topic
 Must indicate a thesis
 No thesis statements
 No paragraphs of Introduction, No conclusion
 Reflect contents of the essay
 Must be properly organized, in order of chronology,
history, time and space, and from cause to solution.
 Must include authorities (2-3)
 Must state incidents that represent ideas
 No facts, figures, quotations, references
 Headers must be well sequenced in numerical order
 Headers must be easy to understand/self explanatory
 Outlines must be complement the elaboration of the
headers
 Headers and Outlines must be written in phrasal form
 For majority of the cases, must be Pakistan centric with
global perspective

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Rules of Précis Writing:

1) Length: 1/3rd of the original passage


2) No names, facts, examples
3) Summary of the passage
4) Title: main idea of the passage
5) Essence of each line or two to three lines.
6) Written in third person, ie: no I, we, you, my
7) Word count of original passage and précis
8) Read précis twice before attempting
9) Attempt in rough before entering final draft
10) Précis must have a coherent structure
11) Don’t use very hard words
12) Utilize thesaurus in practice

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