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Starting Out with C++ from Control Structures to Objects, 8e (Gaddis)
Chapter 6 Functions

6.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1) This is a collection of statements that performs a specific task.

A) infinite loop
B) variable
C) constant
D) function
E) None of these
Answer: D

2) A function ________ contains the statements that make up the function.

A) definition
B) prototype
C) call
D) expression
E) parameter list
Answer: A

3) A function can have zero to many parameters, and it can return this many values.
A) zero to many
B) no
C) only one
D) a maximum of ten
E) None of these
Answer: C

4) A function is executed when it is:

A) defined
B) prototyped
C) declared
D) called
E) None of these
Answer: D

5) In a function header, you must furnish:

A) data type(s) of the parameters
B) data type of the return value
C) the name of function
D) names of parameter variables
E) All of these
Answer: E

1
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
6) Functions are ideal for use in menu-driven programs. When a user selects a menu item, the program
can ________ the appropriate function.
A) call
B) prototype
C) define
D) declare
E) None of these
Answer: A

7) This type of variable is defined inside a function and is not accessible outside the function.
A) global
B) reference
C) local
D) counter
E) None of these
Answer: C

8) The value in this type of local variable persists between function calls.
A) global
B) internal
C) static
D) dynamic
E) None of these
Answer: C

9) These types of arguments are passed to parameters automatically if no argument is provided in the
function call.
A) Local
B) Default
C) Global
D) Relational
E) None of these
Answer: B

10) When used as parameters, these types of variables allow a function to access the parameter's original
argument.
A) reference
B) floating-point
C) counter
D) undeclared
E) None of these
Answer: A

2
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
11) This statement causes a function to end.
A) end
B) terminate
C) return
D) release
E) None of these
Answer: C

12) ________ functions may have the same name, as long as their parameter lists are different.
A) Only two
B) Two or more
C) Zero
D) Un-prototyped
E) None of these
Answer: B

13) This function causes a program to terminate, regardless of which function or control mechanism is
executing.
A) terminate()
B) return()
C) continue()
D) exit()
E) None of these
Answer: D

3
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
14) Given the following function definition:

void calc (int a, int& b)

{
int c;

c = a + 2;
a = a * 3;
b = c + a;
}

What is the output of the following code fragment that invokes calc?

int x = 1;
int y = 2;
int z = 3;

calc(x, y);
cout << x << " " << y << " " << z << endl;

A) 1 2 3
B) 1 6 3
C) 3 6 3
D) 1 14 9
E) None of these
Answer: B

15) This is a statement that causes a function to execute.

A) for loop
B) do-while loop
C) function prototype
D) function call
E) None of these

Answer: D

16) It is a good programming practice to ________ your functions by writing comments that describe
what they do.
A) execute
B) document
C) eliminate
D) prototype
E) None of these
Answer: B

4
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
17) A(n) ________ is information that is passed to a function, and a(n) ________ is information that is
received by a function.
A) function call, function header
B) parameter, argument
C) argument, parameter
D) prototype, header
E) None of these
Answer: C

18) Which of the following statements about global variables is true?

A) A global variable is accessible only to the main function.
B) A global variable is declared in the highest-level block in which it is used.
C) A global variable can have the same name as a variable that is declared locally within a function.
D) If a function contains a local variable with the same name as a global variable, the global variable's
name takes precedence within the function.
E) All of these are true.
Answer: C

19) A function ________ eliminates the need to place a function definition before all calls to the function.
A) header
B) prototype
C) argument
D) parameter
E) None of these
Answer: B

20) A ________ variable is declared outside all functions.

A) local
B) global
C) floating-point
D) counter
E) None of these
Answer: B

21) If a function is called more than once in a program, the values stored in the function's local variables
do not ________ between function calls.
A) persist
B) execute
C) communicate
D) change
E) None of these
Answer: A

5
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
22) A ________ argument is passed to a parameter when the actual argument is left out of the function
call.
A) false
B) true
C) null
D) default
E) None of these
Answer: D

23) If a function does not have a prototype, default arguments may be specified in the function ________.
A) call
B) header
C) execution
D) return type
E) None of these
Answer: B

24) EXIT_FAILURE and ________ are named constants that may be used to indicate success or failure
when the exit() function is called.
A) EXIT_TERMINATE
B) EXIT_SUCCESS
C) EXIT_OK
D) RETURN_OK
E) None of these
Answer: B

25) The value in a ________ variable persists between function calls.

A) dynamic
B) local
C) counter
D) static local
Answer: D

26) This is a dummy function that is called instead of the actual function it represents.
A) main function
B) stub
C) driver
D) overloaded function
Answer: B

6
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
27) What is the output of the following program?

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void showDub(int);

int main()
{
int x = 2;

showDub(x);
cout << x << endl;
return 0;
}

void showDub(int num)

{
cout << (num * 2) << endl;
}

A) 2
2

B) 4
2

C) 2
4

D) 4
4
Answer: B

7
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
28) What is the output of the following program?

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void doSomething(int);

int main()
{
int x = 2;

cout << x << endl;

doSomething(x);
cout << x << endl;
return 0;
}

void doSomething(int num)

{
num = 0;
cout << num << endl;
}

A) 2
0
2

B) 2
2
2

C) 0
0
0

D) 2
0
0
Answer: A

8
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
29) What is the output of the following program?

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void doSomething(int&);

int main()
{
int x = 2;

cout << x << endl;

doSomething(x);
cout << x << endl;
return 0;
}

void doSomething(int& num)

{
num = 0;
cout << num << endl;
}

A) 2
0
2

B) 2
2
2

C) 0
0
0

D) 2
0
0
Answer: D

9
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
30) Which line in the following program contains the prototype for the showDub function?

1 #include <iostream>
2 using namespace std;
3
4 void showDub(int);
5
6 int main()
7 {
8 int x = 2;
9
10 showDub(x);
11 cout << x << endl;
12 return 0;
13 }
14
15 void showDub(int num)
16 {
17 cout << (num * 2) << endl;
18 }

A) 4
B) 6
C) 10
D) 15
Answer: A

10
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
31) Which line in the following program contains the header for the showDub function?

1 #include <iostream>
2 using namespace std;
3
4 void showDub(int);
5
6 int main()
7 {
8 int x = 2;
9
10 showDub(x);
11 cout << x << endl;
12 return 0;
13 }
14
15 void showDub(int num)
16 {
17 cout << (num * 2) << endl;
18 }

A) 4
B) 6
C) 10
D) 15
Answer: D

11
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
32) Which line in the following program contains a call to the showDub function?

1 #include <iostream>
2 using namespace std;
3
4 void showDub(int);
5
6 int main()
7 {
8 int x = 2;
9
10 showDub(x);
11 cout << x << endl;
12 return 0;
13 }
14
15 void showDub(int num)
16 {
17 cout << (num * 2) << endl;
18 }

A) 4
B) 6
C) 10
D) 15
Answer: C

33) Look at the following function prototype.

int myFunction(double);

What is the data type of the function's parameter variable?

A) int
B) double
C) void
D) Can't tell from the prototype
Answer: B

34) Look at the following function prototype.

int myFunction(double);

What is the data type of the function's return value?

A) int
B) double
C) void
D) Can't tell from the prototype
Answer: A

12
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
35) Look at the following function prototype.

int myFunction(double, double, double);

How many parameter variables does this function have?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) Can't tell from the prototype
Answer: C

36) What is the output of the following program?

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int getValue(int);

int main()
{
int x = 2;

cout << getValue(x) << endl;

return 0;
}

int getValue(int num)

{
return num + 5;
}

A) 5
B) 2
C) 7
D) "getValue(x)"
Answer: C

37) Here is the header for a function named computeValue:

void computeValue(int value)

Which of the following is a valid call to the function?

A) computeValue(10)
B) computeValue(10);
C) void computeValue(10);
D) void computeValue(int x);
Answer: B

13
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
6.2 True/False Questions

1) True/False: When a function is called, flow of control moves to the function's prototype.
Answer: FALSE

2) True/False: A parameter is a special-purpose variable that is declared inside the parentheses of a

function definition.
Answer: TRUE

3) True/False: A local variable and a global variable may not have the same name within the same
program.
Answer: FALSE

4) True/False: A static variable that is defined within a function is initialized only once, the first time the
function is called.
Answer: TRUE

5) True/False: It is possible for a function to have some parameters with default arguments and some
without.
Answer: TRUE

6) True/False: A function's return data type must be the same as the function's parameter(s).
Answer: FALSE

7) True/False: One reason for using functions is to break programs into manageable units, or modules.
Answer: TRUE

8) True/False: You must furnish an argument with a function call.

Answer: FALSE

9) True/False: Global variables are initialized to zero by default.

Answer: TRUE

10) True/False: Local variables are initialized to zero by default.

Answer: FALSE

11) True/False: It is not considered good programming practice to declare all of your variables globally.
Answer: TRUE

12) True/False: You may use the exit() function to terminate a program, regardless of which control
mechanism is executing.
Answer: TRUE

14
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
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