Vagrant for Virtualized Development

Vagrant for Virtualized
Development
By:
Adam Culp
Twitter: @adamculp
https://joind.in/10538

2
Vagrant for Virtualized Development
●
About me
– PHP 5.3 Certified
– Consultant at Zend Technologies
– Organizer SoFloPHP (South Florida)
– Organized SunshinePHP (Miami)
– Long distance (ulramarathon) runner
– Judo Black Belt Instructor

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● Shortfalls of development environments
– Does not mirror “testing” or “production” setup.
– Each developer has a different one.
● Easily out of sync with standards
● Many versions of (php, mysql, apache, etc.)
– Long ramp-up/training for new developers
– It works for me!

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● Vagrant - http://vagrantup.com
– Virtualized development environments made easy
●
Command line tool
●
Lowers setup time
● Fully control entire environments and versions
● Eliminates “works on my machine” excuse
● Uses:
– VirtualBox
– VMWare
– AWS
– Others....
● Can use Puppet or Chef
● FREE and open source

5
●
Benefits of Using Vagrant
– Solo Developers
●
Maintain consistency across multiple projects.
●
Can run multiple environments on a single host machine.
(Dev., Test, Staging)
●
Easily tear down and rebuild.
– Teams
●
Identical development environments.
●
Consistent and portable.
– Companies
●
Easier onboarding of new talent.
●
Build once and distribute to teams.

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● Vagrant minimum requirements
– VirtualBox and Hyper-V supported out of the box
– Ruby
– Vagrant
● Installers for MAC, Windows, various Linux
● Talks to VirtualBox and builds virtual machine based on a “base box”.
– Chef or Puppet
● These require separate installation
● Enables setup and configuration of advanced services you may need in your
environment.

7
● Vagrant Basic “How To”
– Navigate (via terminal) to your project.
– Find a base box: http://vagrantbox.es
– Execute two simple commands:
● vagrant init
● vagrant up

8

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● Vagrant Base Box Commands
– Many base boxes available over the Internet, or
you can create your own.
● Creation convention should be followed.
– A base box must be added via local file or HTTP.

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– You can list current “installed” base boxes.

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– Or you can remove current base boxes.
● Remember to include provider.

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● Vagrant Configuration File (Vagrantfile)
– Simple Ruby code which typically contains a Vagrant
configuration block.
– First thing loaded by Vagrant.
– Basic file created when 'init' is called from within a
directory.
– Add more options for more configuration.

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● Sample Vagrantfile

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● Suspend / Halt / Destroy
– To shut down we can:
● “suspend” to save the current state of the
machine. (does not return disk space, about
1GB)
● “halt” which is a graceful shutdown.
●
“destroy” everything. (requires re-provision)
– If we “suspended” to shut down last time you can
use “vagrant resume” or “vagrant up” when
returning, otherwise we use “vagrant up”.

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●
SSH
– Vagrant makes SSH to the virtual machine easy
from within the project directory.
– Project files are available in the VM at '/vagrant' by
default, but can be changed.
– The VM has both read and write access to the
shared folder.
– Gain root (su) access use “sudo”.

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● Port Forwarding
– By default your host machine should be able to
access the virtual machine by IP address. However,
we need to activate port forwarding for services.
– For HTTP:
– Then we simply reload Vagrant.
$ vagrant reload

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● Provisioning
– We can set up some provisioning automation in
Vagrant by including a shell script.
– Link to a shell script in the Vagrantfile.

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● Sample Shell Script

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●
Packaging Your Own
– Start with a Base Box
●
Customize it as needed, unless relying solely on
provisioning with Chef or Puppet.
●
Run command to package
$ vagrant package –vagrantfile Vagrantfile.pkg
●
Creates 'package.box' in same directory.
●
Distribute via raw file or via HTTP, for others.
●
Other users can now use:
$ vagrant box add my_box /path/to/the/package.box
$ vagrant init my_box
$ vagrant up

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● Packaging Your Own (from scratch)
– Simple enough to do.
– Follow Vagrant standards, especially if you plan to
share it.
● Set sizes of partition and RAM.(40GB/360MB)
● Set Domain and Hostname
●
Create Vagrant user, and password.
● Create some groups
● Ruby, RubyGems, Puppet, Chef, SSH with public keys
● Set sudo permissions
● Create /vagrant directory

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● Provisioning
– Using Chef or Puppet we can create a script to alter
the VM.
●
Install apps
●
Edit config files
●
Many tasks needed to go from Base Box to desired
environment.
– Manifests (or recipe for Chef)
●
Manifests sub-directory within project.
●
Default.pp is the default file loaded.

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● Advanced Capabilities of Vagrant
– Many advanced topics available under
Documentation on the Vagrant site.
●
Modules within Manifests to encapsulate Puppet
files.
●
Create your own Base Boxes
●
Multi-VM Environment
●
Plugins
●
NFS Shared Folders

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● Puppet is:
– Automation software
● Help system admins manage infrastructure.
– Automates provisioning and configuration
– Automate repetitive tasks
– Ensure stability through consistency
– Open source and commercial versions

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● Puppet Supported Operating Systems:
– RHEL
– CentOS
– Ubuntu
– Debian
– Scientific Linux
– Oracle Linux
– SUSE
– Solaris
– Windows

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● Pieces
– Modules for popular
configurations
– Compose application
stack needed
– Rollout to the node

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● Puppet Training
– Materials available on PuppetLabs site for FREE download.
●
Learning Puppet Tutorial
●
Learn Puppet VM to train on (VMWare or VirtualBox)
● Module cheatsheet
● Core types cheatsheet
● Users Guide
● Dashboard Manual

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●
New tool PuPHPet
– Complex Vagrant setups made easy GUI.
●
Puppet manifest creation
●
Host (local, Digital Ocean, Rackspace).
●
Ubuntu version.
●
Set VM options.
● HTTP server. (Apache, Nginx)
●
PHP version. (5.5, 5.4, 5.3)
●
Or HHVM
●
Debugger (Xdebug).
●
Profiler (XHProf).
●
Drush
●
Database. (MySQL, PostgreSQL, MariaDB, MongoDB, Redis)
● Beantalkd or RabitMQ
●
Elastic Search
●
Create!

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● New tool Rove.io
– Complex Vagrant setups made easy GUI.
●
Chef recipe creation
●
Database. (various)
● Language. (Node.js, PHP, Python, Ruby)
● SCM (Git, Mercurial, Subversion)
● HTTP server (Apache, Nginx)
● Generate!

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● Resources
– http://vagrantup.com
– http://puppetlabs.com
– http://opscode.com/chef/
– http://virtualbox.org
– http://puPHPet.com
– http://getcomposer.org
– http://github.com
View details, slides, and rate at https://joind.in/10538

● Thank you
Adam Culp
http://www.geekyboy.com
http://github.com/adamculp
Twitter @adamculp
View details, slides, and rate at https://joind.in/10538

Vagrant for Virtualized Development

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