The document discusses cascading style sheets (CSS) and web programming. CSS is a stylesheet language used to design webpages and make them presentable by applying styles independently of HTML. There are three types of CSS: inline, internal/embedded, and external. CSS is important for web development as it increases website standards and user experience. CSS allows web developers to style HTML elements and bring designs to life. Basic CSS formatting includes using internal CSS by adding <style> tags within the <head> of an HTML page. CSS properties control element styles like color, size, position, and more.