How to select a topic in CSS Essay paper?.

It is very crucial point to select the right topic out of given 10 topics because once
you select it you will have to write an essay of at least 2500+ words on the same
topics.
Step 1
Brain Storm your mind about the topics and judge how much relevant data have
you in your memory to write it down.
Step 2
Never opt a topic in which you do not know the meaning of even a single word.
Step 3
Do not go through the paper too quickly. You can cause yourself unrest and that will
reduce your confident and that is surely not required on the day. Read the topics
slowly and try to evaluate the meaning of 1st topic to the best of your abilities and
then move on the next and then the next. Keep your calm and hold your nerves and
if you feel a bit nervous take some deep breaths and remove your eyes for a
moment or two and see around to make yourself comfortable.
Never reach a decision that Ohhhhhhhhhhhh it too difficult and my CSS has ended
or Oh Wowww i can write all the topics and i know every essay. In both the
conditions, you have to keep a check yourself whether you are too early onto it.
Both perception are wrong and can be lethal and prove a death blow.
Step 4
If you come the assessment that you can write an essay on more than one topic or
even more than select your essay as under Make a Rough Brain Storming Outline of
both the essays which you think have a tie and then opt the one which you think
better. Do it on Page 25 of your answer sheet.
Step 5
Make a outline and start writing essay.
Now you should close your Question Paper because it sometimes happens that
students feel obstruction of thoughts at the mid of the paper. That is very normal. To
write an essay of 2500+ words without making a single stroke of pen dwindled out
of the scope of the topic can make you OUT of the competition. So you can have
your moments during the essay paper. Obstruction of brain occurs sometimes
because you are surely in a pressure. If at this crucial time, your question paper is
open and you find that Oh My God..........! I opted the wrong topic and i should have
selected that topic. That is very dangerous situation. More dangerous than the

obstruction of thoughts. So close the question paper of fold it such that only your
selected topic remains to your eyes. This should be like Burning the boats behind.
Finding the Key word in a topic Evaluate each topic regarding Geographical Scope
Time / Era Scope Segment of society of scope
For example "Future of democracy in Pakistan is bright"
Here Time is Future Segment of attention is all the democratic institutions / Govt /
other state organs Geographical Scope is Pakistan So you would write the essay
about the future of democracy in Pakistan. There is no need to mention all the Govts
since 1947 up-to now. Your focus is Future (Time Scope). You can give brief account
in your expansion that how future of Democracy is going to be bright. You can argue
that in past Military intervened etc etc but no need of writing 4-5 pages of history of
democracy. It can ruin your essay. If the Topic is "democracy in Pakistan" Now time
scope is not given Geographically Pakistan So here you can discuss as to why
democracy in Pakistan is not so strong ans then also lead the essay from past to
future but keep a balance between both. Outline How to Brain Storm Find answers
of What? Why? How? about every point in your point which you are going to include
in the outline. For example Is Future of democracy in Pakistan is bright? (What?)
Answer Yes The ask yourself How?? Independent Judiciary Fair Media Public Opinion
Maturity Young Voter New Leadership Literacy Rate International Environment etc
etc etc etc you can brain storm and make points this way.
After making many points you have to connect it to the Essay. How to Connect it to
the Essay? For Example your essay is " Effects of Energy Crisis in Pakistan" and you
have made a point in your outline that "Frustration in Public" You can connect it to
the essay in Expansion as under :Ten years ago, long ques of people and vehicles on petrol pumps were seldom
found. Now its a routine matter. People have to run generators for electricity and it
has caused increased cause in usage of oil. People are frustrated of these long ques.
Students cannot study at night and people can not have a good sleep at night which
has caused public frustration. Even the ladies find it difficult to cook which makes
the situation more worse. (its an example. Surely you can write much better than
this).
Before adding a point in your essay make sure you know how to connect it to the
Essay topic. For example in essay "Independence of Judiciary"
You can say that "Justice; if administered properly, establishes peace and makes
sure a civilized society. It is not important for the people that by which system of
Government they are being ruled. The thing important to them is the access to
justice. Mughal King Akbar was a monarch but his people were pleased with him
because he ensured proper administration of justice. etc etc etc ..........

But you can not say it as such in an essay on importance of democracy. So this is
how you will connect your outline points to the essay. About Essay it is said that you
can also say that a crow can be white. But how you will have to give the examiner
solid reasons. You can say that genetic engineering has developed so well. Its an era
of Cloning, cross-breeding and test-tube babies. It is no surprise to imagine a white
crow now. etc etc etc. (But please if you are a genetic engineer, don't give too many
details so that the examiner gets frustrated).
Essay is a paper of English. This is your test how you convey your thinking on page
and what skills have you got and how clearly can you make your point. Its not a
paper of Knowledge. Your points should be coherent and logical and should be
seemingly connected to the topic.
Outline
Maximum Size 2.5 Pages
Minimum Size 1.5 Pages
Your outline should be strictly adhered to the topic so that if one reads your Outline
without knowing the topic he should reach the topic himself. This is the mirror test
of a good outline. You can use Headings and Sub Headings but keep it in mind make
it as lengthy as manageable within time. Too long outline will require time for
expansion and closure. You can trim you essay outline if it is too lengthy. But is
should not be too short as well. Your Outline has an effect on the examiner about
you.
Topic of the essay(with marker)
Outline (Marker) 1. Introduction (pen) : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (this introduction is introduction of
the outline of the essay. Should be 2-3 lines. Just opening sentences.) 2. Heading 3.
Heading a) Sub Heading b) ---------- c)----------- d)---------- 4. Heading . . . . . . . .
Conclusion.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. (2-3 lines only and here your outline
should be concluded and essay topic may be re-confirmed).
After the Outline
Write with Marker
Essay and from now onward there is no need to use marker. Now only use blue pen
and all the quotes and verses should be given with blue pen only.

An essay doesnot contain headings in it. Essay goes straight. Giving Headings in
between the essay makes it like a report writing rather than an essay. However its
your own choice anyhow essay should not contain headings in the main body.
Introduction
First 2 pages should be introductory. The examiner determines what the candidate
is going to write in the whole essay. There are many methods of making
introductions. 1 Direct Style 2. Indirect Style Direct Style
You will open up with the topic lines or start it directly and then expand it a bit. It
should be like Start to End. It is like starting directly from the topic and diverging it.
Indirect Style
Here you can make start from any relevant argument and then connect the things
to your essay topic. It is just like End to Start. It is like Converging towards the topic.
You can start with a very little brief history 2-3 lines, a quotation, a question, case
study, or from the key word of the essay topic and then ending the introductory
paragraph on the essay topic. For example an indirect introduction of the essay "
Brains, like hearts go where they are appreciated"
Brain and heart are two major and vital body organs. Brain can be considered to be
the chief executive of the body whereas heart; although it pumps blood to all the
body, is thought to be the generator of emotions and desires. They are often
thought to be working in opposition to each other but this perception is not
supported generally. Rather, there is a unique combination between the two which
regulates the bodily functions and the behavior. Both organs are responsible for
developing perception about everything in life. If it is accepted that heart works in
opposition to brain, then a person should jump from an aeroplane on the sight of a
beautiful waterfall or any place of his choice. But it never happens because of the
threat involved. So the brain and heart work coherently and only those actions are
carried out which have appreciation. Appreciation can be in any form and its
meanings vary from person to person. Appreciation determines the pathway
followed by us. Men of brain and scholars migrate to more developed countries in
pursuit of appreciation in the form of sky-scrapping salaries.
Great military geniuses of history were found to carry their military expeditions for
land, wealth and authority. Brain gives a key importance to appreciation in the
interpersonal relations as well. Despite strong desires to advance to a very
beautiful, charming and graceful person, appreciation by that person on this
advancement will be given due consideration. Thus appreciation attracts the brain
and brains, like hearts go where they are appreciated. In the above introduction,
indirect style has been adopted which opens with the key words of the topic Brain
and Heart and from their physiologic importance, a chain of arguments connect the

three words Brain, Heart and Appreciation and in the end the introduction ends by
confirming the topic of the essay.
I have one thing to share that surely all of you can write much better than the
above para. I am just trying to share my meager knowledge.
Main Body of the Essay
After your introduction, you will move on to the Expansion of your essay. Step - 1
Start by expanding the first heading of the outline. Step - 2 One heading may have
length as long as you can manage it within the time. For example you have 7 main
headings in your heading then, you can give 2 to 2.5 pages (depends upon the size
of your writing and words per page as well). And also if you have very strong
arguments about a certain heading you can elongate it too. And for those
arguments where you feel like lacking the depth knowledge, then it is better to write
less and be superficial rather than incorporating a wrong justification. Only slightly
touch it. Step-3 Try to explain all the headings by arguments in your essay step
wise. It will be more beautiful if you keep the order of te outline. It will make your
essay coherent. Step-4 In this way you will unlock all the headings of the outline and
then step-wise lock them back. It should be such that if you start writing one
argument, discuss it, narrate it, expand it to the required length, justify it with solid
reasons and then re-confirm it and then move towards the next heading. Step-5 You
must arrive at the conclusion of the essay after having discussed all the outline
headings (ideally) when there are 20 minutes left at the least. If you feel like
running out of time, then you can shorten some of the arguments of your essay. But
be aware, without conclusion, your essay stands no where. Step-6 Conclusion
Conclusion is not Suggestion. Always remember it. In conclusion, no new argument
should be added. You will just sum up the arguments and justification to support
your stance in the conclusion and here your justifications should resonate the essay
topic and should re-confirm it. This is must part of essay. You can give your own
perception as well. But never add something new in the conclusion. Conclusion
never means suggestions. Here you just re-confirm your essay topic or the stance
you have maintained in the essay. Here you will support all your essay. This is a
backdoor of the essay from where you exit. Its length should be ideally less than
introductory para more ideally one half of your introduction in length. It should be
concise and to the point. In conclusion, you show the examiner that you are
confident on yourself and you re-confirm yourself. Before starting your conclusion,
do write the words, "in the end", "to conclude" etc etc. Also it is inappropriate to
start your conclusion suddenly. It should be smooth in the essay. It should not look
like in essay that you were arguing and justifying and abruptly you realized that oh
my God......! only five minutes are left. And you stop your arguments and right after
that para you straight away write "To conclude"...........just like a car was moving at
the speed of 40Km/hour and suddenly it stopped and took a 180 degree U-Turn. You
will bring the reader of the essay slowly towards the end of the essay. Your outline
should be such that your last 2 or at least one heading is like a closure of the essay.

It would help you keeping to the track. You will systematically move to the
conclusion yourself. The reader will assess himself that its now heading towards the
closure. Transition from Essay Body to Conclusion should be smooth, coherent, in
order and must come as a gradual step in essay. It should feel like gradually going
the stairs instead of a jump from the top of the roof. It should look like a part of the
essay and a part of gradual descending towards the conclusion. It should not be like
a misfit brick in the wall. How to make arguments? Each headline has to be
discussed as an argument developing. Your argument should ideally be Justified,
logical, solid, relevant and comprehensively connected with the essay topic. It can
be justified with references to any surveys if possible and if general in form should
consist of solid reasons. How to make an argument? Approach should be from
General to Specific. For example, You are writing an essay on " Causes of Terrorism"
and in an argument you want to tell the examiner that how terrorism is caused by
injustice to people. , you can say that " Its a rule of thumb that true administration
of justice brings peace in society". It is a general Opening of the Heading "Injustice"
in the Essay "Causes of Terrorism". This is a general statement and not a quote or
saying. You can carve it on your own. Now you will connect it to the Essay topic. You
can say "ts a rule of thumb that true administration of justice brings peace in
society. Justice brings the people under the ambit of law. The powerful become
accountable for their deeds and when the powerful is answerable to law, a unique
harmony prevails on such a society. The rich and the poor, the powerful and the
powerless become equal.When they become equal in the eyes of law, reasons for
any conflict are minimized because any deed of a person or group of persons to
subjugate others is checked by the law. When such a justice is administered, people
respect the law and they tend to obey laws as much as possible. When a weaker
person gets his right from the court, he would never like to take guns and grenades
in his hand and become a criminal to take revenge at his own. This only happens in
those societies where conflicts arise due to non-existence of law and non-provision
of proper justice. For example, (here give examples of some countries where human
rights have been violated and terrorism is common). So no justice means no peace
and no peace means war and war of the powerless against the powerful for his
legitimate rights has been defined as the Terrorism in the modern world.Hence, nonprovision of justice is a main cause of terrorism." (Surely my English and knowledge
is not that good. You can surely write more comprehensive than this). You can give
justifications by quoting examples of those countries where justice exists and
terrorism is not found and vice versa to strengthen your argument.) You can use any
kind of expansion which you think appropriate for you. The main aim was to share
my meager knowledge about making arguments in an essay