Technology
and
Livelihood Education
COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING
Quarter 1- Module 3
PERFORMING MENSURATION
AND CALCULATION
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1- Module 3
First Edition, 2020
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Author/s: Dennis A. Yee
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Technology
and
Livelihood Education
COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING
Quarter 1- Module 3
PERFORMING MENSURATION
AND CALCULATION
This instructional material is collaboratively developed and reviewed by
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Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
Introductory Message
For the learner:
Welcome to Technology and Livelihood Education 7 Alternative Delivery
Mode (ADM) Module 3 on Performing Mensuration and Calculation!
The unit of competency “Perform Mensuration and Calculation" is
concerned with measuring, calculating and estimating lengths, areas and volumes,
as well as the construction of three - dimensional (3D) objects.
What is Mensuration?
Mensuration is the process of measurement. It is based on the use of
algebraic equations and geometric calculations to provide data regarding the
width, depth, and volume of a given object or group of objects. While the
measurement results obtained by the use of mensuration are estimates rather than
actual physical measurements, the calculations are usually considered very
accurate.
This module is designed to provide you with the necessary knowledge and
skills to measure the same quantities using different units.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one.
What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be
introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity, or a situation.
What is It This section provides a brief discussion of
the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic
What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity that will help
you transfer your new knowledge or skill into
real-life situations or concerns.
Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends to the
retention of learned concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
References This is a list of all sources used in developing
this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
Perform Mensuration and Calculation
What I Need to Know ---------------- 1
What I Know ---------------- 2
What’s In ---------------- 3
What’s New ---------------- 4
What is It ---------------- 4
What’s More ---------------- 8
What is It ---------------- 9
What’s More ---------------- 16
What is It ---------------- 17
What’s More ---------------- 18
What I Have Learned ---------------- 19
What I Can Do ---------------- 20
Assessment ---------------- 21
Additional Activities ---------------- 23
Answer Key ---------------- 24
References ---------------- 25
What I Need to Know
This module is designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you measure different storage devices applying the four (4) basic mathematical
operations to carry out mensuration and calculation. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course.
After going through this module, you are expected to perform calculation
needed to complete tasks using the four mathematical fundamental operations,
addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (x), and division (÷). (TLE_IACSS9- 12PMC-
IIb-d-11).
Specifically, you will:
1. identify object/s or components to be measured;
2. convert decimal to binary;
3. compute the actual storage capacity of a hard disk, memory, compact
disk, USB flash drive, SD card, and the actual speed of a processor;
4. apply different techniques in checking the conversion from decimal to
binary, and the computation of the ideal storage capacity and speed; and
5. maintain measuring instruments.
1
What I Know
Multiple Choice
Directions: Read each of the following sentences carefully, then choose the
letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter in your TLE-CSS
Activity Notebook.
Column A Column B
1. A measuring instrument that uses moving a. Logic probe
pointer to display b. Digital Tester
2. A measuring instrument that indicates c. Loopback Adapter
d. Multi-tester
high digital and low digital state
e. Logic probe
3. Uses digital display to display rating f. Bit
g. 10
4. Verifies the electrical connections in a h. Byte
signal cable or other wired assembly i. k
j. Decimal
5. Primarily the means of testing or
k. 00000011
measuring the communications
l. Manufacturer’s
infrastructure
m. Cleaning
6. The primary language for computers n. 16
that is made up of only two numbers: 0 o. Storing
and 1 p. Handouts
7. Abbreviation of binary digit
8. A unit of computer data consisting of 8 bits
9. The number system of 10
10. Symbolizes the binary prefix kilo
11. The value of binary 10 in decimal
12. Decimal number 9 in binary
13. Bit/s in a byte
14. Necessary to do for the measuring
instrument
15. Guide for proper storage of instruments
What’s In
2
In the previous module, you have defined and identified the different
components that need to be measured before installing or using the storage devices.
Activity 1: Remember Me
Directions: Identify the following components. Write your answers in your TLE- CSS
Activity Notebook.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
3
Lesson
Select Measuring Instruments
1
What’s New
In the previous module, you have defined and identified the different
storage devices.
Can you remember those components?
Do you still remember their definitions?
What is It
In this module, you will learn to identify the different measuring
instruments and their functions in Computer System Servicing.
1. Do you have any idea about those measuring instruments?
Measuring Instruments:
1. Multimeter (VOM) - A multimeter or a multitester, also known as a
VOM, is an electronic measuring instrument that combines several
4
measurement functions in one unit. A typical multimeter can measure
voltage (Volt), current (Ampere), and resistance (Ohm). Analog
multimeter uses a micro ammeter with a moving pointer to display
readings.
Voltmeter – is an instrument for measuring electric potential in volts.
Ex. 220 volts
Ohmmeter – is an instrument for measuring electrical resistance.
Ex.20 Ohms
Milliameter - is an instrument for measuring electric current in amperes.
Ex. 15 amperes
Types of Multi-meter or Multi-tester:
1. Analog Multi-meter or multi-tester (VOM) - uses a micro ammeter
with a moving pointer to display readings.
5
Digital Multimeters (DMM, DVOM) - have a numeric display and may also show a
graphical bar representing the measured value.
2. Cable Tester - is an electronic device used to verify the electrical connections in
a signal cable or other wired assembly. Basic cable testers are continuity testers
that verify the existence of a conductive path between ends of the cable and the
correct wiring of connectors on the cable.
6
3. Loopback, or loop-back adapter - refers to the routing of electronic signals,
digital data streams, or flows of items back to their source without
intentional processing or modification. This is primarily a means of testing /
measuring the communications infrastructure.
www.google.com.wikipedia.org
4.Logic Probe - is a hand-held test probe used for analyzing and
troubleshooting the logical states (boolean 0 or 1) of a digital circuit.
Logic probe / Digital logic tester is able to detect lines that are at the
digital or logic high state. It will indicate this typically with a LED which
is often colored red. It can also indicate a logic or digital low often
colored green.
7
What’s More
Activity 2.
Directions: Match each of the components in Column A with its description in Column
B. Write your answers in your TLE-CSS Activity Notebook.
COLUMN A COLUMB B
1. Logic Probe A. Uses moving pointer to display rating
2. Cable Tester B. Indicates high digital and low digital state
3. Analog Tester C. Uses digital display to display rating
4. Loopback adaptor D. Verifies the electrical connections in a
signal cable or other wired assembly
5. Digital Tester E. Primarily a means of testing / measuring
the communications infrastructure.
Lesson Carry Out Measurements and
Calculations
2
What is It
Definition of Terms
Binary – is the primary language for computers that are made up of only two
numbers: 0 and 1 (Computer Hope, 2019).
Binary Prefix – is used to represent the quantity in terms of byte or bit in
computing (Search Storage, n.d.)
Decimal – is a base 10 number system (Yadav, 2018)
Bit (b) – is short for binary digit (Computer Hope, 2020), either 0 or 1.
Byte (B) – is a unit of computer information consisting of eight (8) bits (Merriam-
Webster, n.d.)
Giga Hertz (GHz) – is also known as clock rate or clock speed of the processor
(Computer Hope, 2018).
Decimal – is a base 10 number system (Yadav, 2018)
How to Read Binary
Binary is a base-2 number system, where the number two (2) is raised by
an exponent (n-1). The exponent is denoted by the digits’ place (n) and
subtracted by 1, wherein it increases as you move through each position
starting from the right going to the left.
For example, number 2 on the first position, so 2 is raised by n-1, wherein
n=1.
2(n-1) = 2(1-1) = 20
Considering the given table below, the first position is the rightmost cell, and
the leftmost position is the last cell.
Position
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
(n-1)
Exponent
27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
2(Position)
Value 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Note: The first place should be 1, but since it is (n-1) subtracted by 1, it
becomes 0.
The first value is equivalent to 1 because 20 is equal to 1.
10
Note: Any value with an exponent of 0 is always equal to 1.
The second value is 21 is 2 because it is just 2 itself multiplied by 1.
The third value is 4 because 22 = 2 x 2 = 4, 23 = 8 because 23 = 2 x 2 x 2 = 8,
and so on and so forth.
In binary system, 1 is equal to ON/TRUE and 0 is OFF/FALSE.
To read a binary number, get the turn - ON value/s only and sum it up, no
need to include the turned-OFF value/s. For example:
Value 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
ON/OFF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0000 0001 = 1
Get the sum: 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 = 1
Or simply get the turn - ON value which is 1.
Multiple values example:
Value 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
ON/OFF 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
0000 0101 = 5
The binary number 0000 0101 is equivalent to 5 because the turned-ON
values are: (ALWAYS START FROM THE RIGHT)
1 and 4
Then get the sum: 1 + 4 = 5
11
Number 5 and the “Value” in the tables are examples of decimal numbers, the
number system that we have known since we learned how to count numbers.
For us humans, but for computers,
1 0000 0001
+ 2 + 0000 0010
3 0000 0011
Note: Each group of eight bits is known as a byte.
8 bits = 1 byte
That is how the computer represented the letters, the numbers, and all
the data that you can see in the computer like images and videos.
Decimal to Binary Conversion
Rule: If the fraction is = ½ or .5, it is equivalent to 1.
In converting a decimal number to binary, all you have to do is:
1. Divide the number by 2.
2. Write the quotient and multiply the remainder by 2.
3. Divide the remainder by 2.
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until you get a quotient of 0.
5. Read the values of the remainder from the bottom to top. Write the
values to get the binary value of the decimal number.
Example:
Convert 19 to binary
Decimal number / 2 Quotient Remainder
19 / 2 9 1
9/2 4 1
4/2 2 0
12
2/2 1 0
1/2 0 1
19 = 10011
Note: A byte has 8 binary digits. Add 0s from the left to complete the 8
digits. The final answer is 19 = 00010011.
For a more detailed discussion, watch this video through this link:
Checking:
There are two ways to check if the conversion is accurate.
Method 1: Binary Table
1. Create a binary table.
2. Input the binary value into the table properly. Each digit should be
entered on the correct column starting from right to left.
Decimal 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Binary
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
State
3. Then add the decimal values with 1.
16 + 2 + 1 = 19
Method 2: Binary to Decimal Conversion
1. Multiply the bits with their corresponding
values. Note: Always start from the right.
2. Get the sum.
13
(1 x 1) + (1 x 2) + (0 x 4) + (0 x 8) + (1 x 16) + (0 x 32) + (0 x 64) + (0 x 128)
1 + 2 + 0 + 0 + 16 + 0 + 0 + 0
= 19
Therefore: 19 = 0001 0011
Binary Prefixes are also called as prefix multipliers consisting of a one-
letter abbreviation and the prefix it stands for.
Unit Symbol Power of 2 (bytes) VALUE in Bytes
Kilobyte KB 210 1,024
Megabyte MB 220 1,048,576
Gigabyte GB 230 1,073,741,824
Terabyte TB 240 1,009,511,627,776
For example:
1 kilobyte = 210 bytes
210 bytes = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 bytes
210 bytes = 1,024 bytes
Therefore: 1 KB = 1,024 bytes
If you have noticed, a 1 KB is not an exact 1,000 bytes, but actually it is
1,024 bytes because the computer uses binary code in translating capacity
and speed. So, if you have a hard disk with a capacity of 500 GB, its actual
size is 536,870,912,000 bytes, and not 500,000,000,000 bytes.
On the contrary, you cannot view a 1 KB file as an actual 1,024 bytes in
your computer because it’s just how Windows represented it. There are a lot
of factors involved in it, and it will not be tackled in this lesson.
The presented capacity of a file or component when viewing in your
computer is dependent on the OS and the manufacturer. What you have
learned here is the actual values in computing and how computers are being
engineered in terms of capacity and speed.
14
Data Storage Capacity Calculation
In a storage device, you need to know its capacity as well as how much space is
used and free. For example, you have an 8 GB flash drive. You want to copy a file with
a size of 1 GB, and your flash drive’s free space is 2 GB. How much free space will be
left after you copied that file to your flash drive?
Computation:
Let FSAC = free space of flash drive after copying FS = 1
GB (size of the file you want to copy)
FSBC = 2 GB (free space of flash drive before copying) FSAC = FS –
FSBC
FSAC = 2 GB – 1 GB FSAC = 1
GB
Therefore, there will be only 1 GB of free space in your flash drive after copying the file.
Checking:
Use the equation FSAC = FS – FSBC: FSAC =
FS – FSBC
1 GB = 2 GB – 1 GB
1 GB = 1 GB
Therefore, your computation is correct
15
What’s More
Activity 3: Word Bank
Directions: Choose the word from the bank that is being defined in each item.
Write your answers in your TLE-CSS Activity Notebook.
A base 2 number system that is made up of only two numbers: 0 and 1
A binary prefix that denotes a million
The base-10 number system
Data storage capacity that is composed of eight (8) bits
A clock speed of a processor
Bank
Decimal Binary Giga gigabyte
Byte Bit Mega gigahertz
Did you find the exact words in the Word Bank activity?
Are the words new to you?
Don’t worry, those words will be tackled in this lesson.
16
Maintain Measuring
Instruments
What is It
In this module, you will learn how to maintain measuring instruments by applying
the most commonly used maintenance procedures to prolong the life span of the
measuring instruments.
MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES:
1. Measuring instruments are not dropped to avoid damage.
2. Measuring instruments are cleaned before and after using.
3. Regularly check parts and batteries.
4. Proper storage of instruments is undertaken according to the
manufacturer’s specification and standard operating procedure.
5. Always observe Occupational Health and Safety Procedures (OHSP).
17
What’s More
Activity 4. Maintenance
Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct, and write FALSE if it is
wrong. Write your answers in your TLE-CSS Activity Notebook.
______1. Cleaning the measuring instrument is not necessary.
______ 2. Safety precautions are always observed.
______ 3. Inspection of the measuring instruments must be done regularly.
______ 4. You can put anywhere the measuring instruments.
______ 5. Manufacturer’s specification must be observe
What I Have Learned
Directions: In your TLE-CSS Activity Notebook, fill in each blank with the correct
word to complete each sentence.
1. ____________ is the primary language that the
computer understands.
2. The symbol K denotes ____________ as a prefix.
3. The _________ number system is base 10.
4. __________ is equivalent to 8 bits.
5. Bit is an abbreviation of _________________.
18
What I Can Do
Activity 5: Binary Initial
Directions: Get the binary value of your first name initial. Write your answer in your
TLE-CSS activity notebook. Show your solutions and checking.
First name: Juan First
name initial: J
Convert: J = 01001010
Please refer to the table below.
Character Decimal Character Decimal
A 65 N 78
B 66 O 79
C 67 P 80
D 68 Q 81
E 69 R 82
F 70 S 83
G 71 T 84
H 72 U 85
I 73 V 86
J 74 W 87
K 75 X 88
L 76 Y 89
M 77 Z 90
19
Assessment
Multiple Choice
Directions: Identify what is being referred to in each item, then choose the
letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter in your TLE-CSS
Activity Notebook.
1. A measuring instrument that uses moving pointer to display
rating
a. Cable Tester c. Loopback Adapter
b. Logic probe d. Analog Multi-tester
2. A measuring instrument that indicates high digital and low
digital state
a. Logic Probe c. Multi-tester
b. Digital tester d. Cable Tester
3. Uses digital display to display rating
a. Multi-tester c. Logic Probe
b. Cable Tester d. Digital Tester
4. Verifies the electrical connections in a signal cable or other
wired assembly
a. Digital Tester c. Analog Tester
b. Cable Tester d. Loopback Adapter
5. Primarily the means of testing or measuring the
communications infrastructure
a. Cable Tester c. Loopback Adapter
b. Digital Tester d. Logic probe
21
6. The primary language for computers that is made up of only
two numbers: 0 and 1
a. Bit c. Byte
b.Binary d. Decimal
Abbreviation of binary digit
a. Bit b. Byte
b. Binary d. Decimal
A unit of computer data consisting of 8 bits
Bit c. Byte
b.Binary d. Decimal
The number system of 10 is .
Bitc. Binary
Byted. Decimal
Binary prefix kilo is symbolized by .
kc. I
Ld. O
The value of binary 10 in decimal
1 c. 2
b.10 d. 01
12. Decimal number 9 in binary
a.00000001c. 00000011
b. 00000101d. 0000 1001
13. A byte consists of bit/s.
a. 1 c. 4
b. 8 d. 16
14. the measuring instrument is necessary.
a. Cleaning c. Viewing
b. Evaluating d. Touching
15. Proper storage of instruments is undertaken according to the
specification and standard operating procedure.
a. Owner’s c. Manufacturer’s
b. Teacher’s d. Technician
22
Additional
Activities
Activity 6: Check Me!
Directions: Write your answers in your TLE-CSS Activity Notebook. Show your solutions
with checking.
Convert the decimal number 10 to a binary digit.
Give the types of Multi-meter (VOM) and differentiate each function.
23
2
What I Know
1. e
2. a
3. d
4. b
5. c
6. j
7. f
8. h
9. h
10. i
11. g
12.k
13. n
14. m
15. l
Activity 2
A
D
C
B
E
Answer Key
24
References
1. Internet
Yadav, Chandu. 2018. "Decimal Number System". Accessed June 2,
2020. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/decimal-number-system.
Computer Hope. 2020. "Bit". Accessed June 2, 2020.
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/b/bit.html
Merriam-Webster. n.d. "byte". Accessed June 2, 2020.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/byte.
Calora, Alvin. 2014. "Carry Out Mensuration and Calculation".
Accessed June 1, 2020.
https://prezi.com/sxp3xaehyb2u/lo-2-carry-out-mensuration-and-
calculation/.
Computer Hope. 2019. "Binary". Accessed June 1, 2020.
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/b/binary.html
SearchStorage. n.d. "Kilo, mega, giga, tera, peta, exa, zetta and all
that". Accessed June 1, 2020.
https://searchstorage.techtarget.com/definition/Kilo-mega-giga-tera-
peta-and-all-that.
Computer Hope. 2018. "GHz". Accessed June 1, 2020.
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/g/ghz.htm.
.https://google.com.wikipedia.org.
26
25
DENNIS A. YEE
Teacher I
CAR – MAED
BS Education
BS Computer Science
TESDA National Certificate Training Qualifications
1. Computer System Servicing NC II
2. Micro Finance Technology NC II
3. Bread and Pastry Production NC II
TRAINER’S QUALIFICATIONS
1. License Teacher (LET)
2. TM I – Certified
TEACHING EXPERIENCES:
1. DepEd – Looc National High School – Teacher I
S.Y. 2013 – Present
2. Liberation Institute – Instructor - S.Y. 2009 – 2013
3. Sacred Heart College – College Instructor – S.Y. 2014 -
2002
26
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Region 10
Zone 1, DepEd Building Masterson Avenue,
Upper Balulang Cagayan de Oro City, 9000
Telefax: (088) 880 7072
E-mail Address: region10@deped.gov.ph
