LESSON 1:

Install and Configure Computer Systems

(ICCS)

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to do
the following:

LO 1. Assemble computer hardware

LO 2. Prepare installer
LO 3. Install operating system and drivers for peripherals/ devices
LO 4. Install application software
LO 5. Conduct testing and documentation

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 Pre-Test: What Do You Already Know?

Let us determine how much you already know about Assembling Computer Systems
Servicing. Take this test.

Pre-Test LO 1 A

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Select the components inside the system unit being described.
_____1. It is a network interface card. This is a computer circuit boarder or card that is
installed in computer so that it can be connected to a network.
a. Video Card b. Game Card c. LAN Card d. Motherboard
_____2. Tt is an input device that read text or illustration printed on paper, translates the
information into a form that a computer can use.
a. Video Card b. Game Card c. LAN Card d. Motherboard
_____3. It is used to drive or fasten negative slotted screws.
a. Positive screw driver b. Allen Screw Driver c. Phillip’s Screw Driver d. Negative
Screw Driver
_____4. it is a piece of hardware that produces a paper copy [also known as hardcopy] of
the information generated by the computer.
a. Xerox machine b. Printer c. Scanner d. Barcode reader
_____5. It is a primary memory. This memory is used inside the computer to hold programs
and data while it is running.
a. ROM b. Lan Card c. RAM d. BIOS
_____6. a chip that controls the most basic functions of the computer and performs a self-
test every time you turn it on.
a. ROM b. Lan Card c. RAM d. BIOS
_____7. RAM that can retain data without electrical power. It is widely used for BIOS chips
and for digital camera and digital music storage.
a. USB b. Flash drive c. CD Rom d. Hard drive
_____8. It is used for holding, bending and stretching the lead of electronics component or
connecting wire.
a. Flash drive b. Long Nose Pliers c. BIOS d. Motherboard
_____9. It is used to join two or more metal conductors with the support of soldering lead
melted around it.
a. Soldering Iron b. Desoldering tool c. BIOS d. Video Card

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 10. It is used to unsolder unwanted parts or component in the circuit with the support of
soldering pencil.
a. Soldering Iron b. Desoldering tool c. BIOS d. Video Card
11. It is used to drive or fasted positive slotted screws.
a. Philips screw driver/Positive screw driver c. BIOS
b. Negative screw driver d. LAN Card
12. It is an instrument ised to measure voltage, current and resistance.
a. Multitester b. RJ 45 c. Soldering iron d. Hard
disk
13. It is the connector plugged into the NIC ports on computers and often connecting the
main networking hardware togethre.
a. Multitester b. RJ 45 c. Soldering iron d. Hard disk
14. It is a popular type of cable used in computer networking that consists of two shielded
wires twisted around each other.
a. BIOS b. USB c. RJ45 d. UTP
15. It contains the CPU, BIOS, Memory, mass storage interfaces, serial and parallel ports,
expansion slot and all the controllers required to control standard peripheral devices such as
the display screen, keyboard and disk drive.
a. Multitester b. RJ 45 c. Motherboard d. Hard disk

B. ENUMERATION: Give at least five (5) precautionary measures to take before working
with any computer equipment.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

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 DISCUSSION: INFORMATION SHEET

LO1: Assemble Computer Hardware

Learning Code: TLE_IACSS9-12ICCS-Ia-e-28

Objectives:
1.1 Plan unit assembly to ensure OHS policies and procedures are followed in accordance
with systems requirements
1.2 Prepare unit assembly to ensure OHS policies and procedures are followed in
accordance with systems requirements
1.3 Identify materials necessary to complete the work in accordance with established
procedures and check against system requirements
1.4 Obtain materials necessary to complete the work in accordance with established
procedures and check against system requirements
1.5 Obtain tools, equipment and testing devices needed to carry out installation work in
accordance with established procedures and check for correct operation and safety
1.6 Assemble computer hardware in accordance with established procedures and system
requirements
1.7 Perform BIOS configuration

Occupational Health and Safety Policies

The occupational safety and health policy defines the goals for the occupational
health and safety work in the workplace and for activities that promote the working
capacity of the staff. The policy also describes occupational health and safety responsibilities
and the way of organizing the cooperation measures. The preparation of the occupational
safety and health policy is based on the Occupational Safety and Health Act.
In the school as a computer Subject teacher you must be aware of how your
students behave when they are working in the computer laboratory, as well as
implementing a safe way of accomplishing every task. Safety practices should be learned
early and always adhered to when working with any electrical device, including personal
computers and peripherals. This is for the protection of not only the people working with
them, but also for the devices themselves. The basic for this process begins with your
Occupational Health and Safety Policies.
Personal Safety While Working Along with PC’s
Computer equipment can be dangerous, and you or others can be injured or even
killed if you don’t follow proper safety guidelines when working along PC’s. The following
are some precautionary measures to take before working with any computer equipment:
1. Wear shoes with non-conductive rubber soles to help reduce the chance of being
shocked or seriously injured in an electrical accident.
2. Do not work on components that are plugged into their power source.

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 3. Do not remove expansion cards or other components of computer when it is turned
on.
4. Remove all jewelry when working inside any computer related equipment.
5. Be sure not to mix electrical components and water.
6. Do not over tighten the screws.
7. Always handle computer components by the edges.
8. Wear an anti-static device to prevent Electro Static Discharge.

Tools, Equipment and Testing

Equipment and Tools Materials

Accessories
LAN Card Screwdriver (positive) Software appliations
UPS Screwdriver(negative) Network OS Software
Server Long nose pliers RJ 45
24 port-hub Mechanical pliers UTP Cat 5 cables
Modem Allen wrench Motherboard’s manual
Fax machine Multitester and installer
PC video camera Crimping tools Sound device driver
USB External CD Writer Soldering iron (30 watts) installers
USB Scanner Wire stripper
USB Printers Lan Tester
USB Flash Drive Anti-Static Wrist wrap
Device drivers/installers

LAN Card – is a network interface card. This is a computer circuit boarder or

card that is installed in computer so that it can be connected to a network.
Server – is a part of a network. It is a special computer that users on the
network can asses to carry out a particular job.

Port hub/Port – is a connector on the back of a computer or other device. A part

is either a serial port or a parallel port.
Modem [Modular-Demodulator] - is a device that allows a given computer to
share data or otherwise a device which let computers exchange information.

USB [Universal Serial Bus] – a hardware interface for low-speed peripherals such
as the keyboard, mouse, joystick, scanner, printer and telephony devices.

Scanner – it is an input device that read text or illustration printed on paper,

translates the information into a form that a computer can use.

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Negative Screw Driver – is used to drive or fasten negative slotted screws.

Printer – it is a piece of hardware that produces a paper copy [also known as

hardcopy] of the information generated by the computer.

RAM [Random Access Memory ] – is a primary memory. This memory

is used inside the computer to hold programs and data while it is
running.
BIOS [Basic Input/Output System] - a chip that controls the most basic functions of
the computer and performs a self-test every time you turn it on.

Flash Drive – RAM that can retain data without electrical power. It is widely
used for BIOS chips and for digital camera and digital music storage.
Video Camera – camera using videotape : a camera that records onto videotape.

Long Nose Pliers – is used for holding, bending and stretching the lead of
electronics component or connecting wire.
Soldering Iron – is used to join two or more metal conductors with the support of
soldering lead melted around it.
Desoldering tool – is used to unsolder unwanted parts or component in the
circuit with the support of soldering pencil.
Philips screw driver/Positive screw driver – is used to drive or fasted
positive slotted screws.

Multitester – is an instrument ised to measure voltage, current and resistance.

RJ 45 – is the connector plugged into the NIC ports on computers and often
connecting the main networking hardware together.

UTP [Unshielded Twisted Pair] – is a popular type of cable used in computer

networking that consists of two shielded wires twisted around each other.
Motherboard – contains the CPU, BIOS, Memory, mass storage interfaces, serial
and parallel ports, expansion slot and all the controllers required to control
standard peripheral devices such as the display screen, keyboard and disk drive.

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Software applications
Software– is the programs and data that a computer uses. Ex. Microsoft Office,
Adobe Software Products, Video Editor etc.

Network OS Software
Network- are multiple computers linked together to make
simultaneous information sharing and exchange by multiple users.

Sound Device Driver Installer / Sound and Audio Devices – is an

internal expansion card that provides input and output of audio signals to and
from a computer under control of computer programs. The term sound card is
also applied to external audio interfaces used for professional audio applications.

Post-Test: How Much Have You Learned?

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 POST-TEST LO 1 A

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Select the components inside the system unit being described.
_____1. It is a network interface card. This is a computer circuit boarder or card that is installed in
computer so that it can be connected to a network.
b. Video Card b. Game Card c. LAN Card d. Motherboard
_____2. Tt is an input device that read text or illustration printed on paper, translates the
information into a form that a computer can use.
b. Video Card b. Game Card c. LAN Card d. Motherboard
_____3. It is used to drive or fasten negative slotted screws.
b. Positive screw driver b. Allen Screw Driver c. Phillip’s Screw Driver d. Negative Screw
Driver
_____4. it is a piece of hardware that produces a paper copy [also known as hardcopy] of the
information generated by the computer.
b. Xerox machine b. Printer c. Scanner d. Barcode reader
_____5.It is a primary memory. This memory is used inside the computer to hold programs and data
while it is running.
b. ROM b. Lan Card c. RAM d. BIOS
_____6. a chip that controls the most basic functions of the computer and performs a self-test every
time you turn it on.
b. ROM b. Lan Card c. RAM d. BIOS
_____7. RAM that can retain data without electrical power. It is widely used for BIOS chips and for
digital camera and digital music storage.
b. USB b. Flash drive c. CD Rom d. Hard drive
_____8. It is used for holding, bending and stretching the lead of electronics component or
connecting wire.
b. Flash drive b. Long Nose Pliers c. BIOS d. Motherboard
_____9. It is used to join two or more metal conductors with the support of soldering lead melted
around it.
a. Soldering Iron b. Desoldering tool c. BIOS d. Video Card
10. It is used to unsolder unwanted parts or component in the circuit with the support of soldering
pencil.
a. Soldering Iron b. Desoldering tool c. BIOS d. Video Card
11. It is used to drive or fasted positive slotted screws.
a. Philips screw driver/Positive screw driver c. BIOS
b. Negative screw driver d. LAN Card
12. It is an instrument ised to measure voltage, current and resistance.

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 a. Multitester b. RJ 45 d. Soldering iron d. Hard disk
13. It is the connector plugged into the NIC ports on computers and often connecting the main
networking hardware togethre.
a. Multitester b. RJ 45 d. Soldering iron d. Hard disk
14. It is a popular type of cable used in computer networking that consists of two shielded wires
twisted around each other.
a. BIOS b. USB c. RJ45 d. UTP
15. It contains the CPU, BIOS, Memory, mass storage interfaces, serial and parallel ports, expansion
slot and all the controllers required to control standard peripheral devices such as the display
screen, keyboard and disk drive.
a. Multitester b. RJ 45 c. Motherboard d. Hard disk

B. ENUMERATION: Give at least five (5) precautionary measures to take before working with any
computer equipment.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Congratulations! 9

You did a great job! Rest and relax while then

 REFERENCES

https://icttechtips.wordpress.com/2018/07/09/css-coc1-occupational-health-and-safety
-policy/
https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Computer-Systems-Servicing-
NC-II-CG.pdf
https://tesda.gov.ph/Download/Training_Regulations?Searchcat=Training%20Regulatio
ns
https://www.slideshare.net/brianmary/materials-tools-equipment-and-testing-devices

Pre-Test: What Do You Already Know?

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 Let us determine how much you already know about Assembling Computer Systems
Servicing. Take this test.

Pre-Test LO 1 B

A. ENUMERATION: Enumerate the following:

a. Types of Computer
1.
2.
3.
4.
b. Basic Parts of System Unit
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
B. CLASSIFICATION: Classify whether the given device is under INPUT or OUTPUT.
_____________1. Printer _____________6. Web cam
_____________2. Monitor _____________7. Microphone
_____________3. Scanner _____________8. Mouse
_____________4. Barcode Reader _____________9. Headset
_____________5. Joystick _____________10. Keyboard
C. ACRONYMS: Give the meaning of the following:
1. AGP 9. HDMI
2. BIOS 10. I/O
3. CD 11. IDE
4. CPU 12. PCI
5. DDR 13. RAM
6. DIMM 14. SATA
7. DVD 15. USB
8. HDD

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 Pre-Test: What Do You Already Know?

Let us determine how much you already know about Assembling Computer Systems
Servicing. Take this test.

Pre-Test LO 1 C

D. DIRECTIONS:

a. Name the different ports of Motherboard

b. Name the different parts of Motherboard

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 DISCUSSION: INFORMATION SHEET

What is Computer?
A computer is a device that accepts information (in the form of digitalized
data) and manipulates it for some result based on a program or sequence of instructions on
how the data is to be processed.
TYPES OF COMPUTER
Since the advent of the first computer different types and sizes of computers
are offering different services. Computers can be as big as occupying a large building and as
small as a laptop or a microcomputer in systems. The four basic types of computers are:
1. Super computer
2. Mainframe computer
3. Minicomputer
4. Microcomputer

1. SUPERCOMPUTER
A supercomputer is a computer that performs at
or near the currently highest operational rate for computers.
Traditionally, supercomputers have been used for scientific and
engineering applications that must handle very large databases
or do a great amount of computation (or both). Although
advances like multi-core processors and GPGPUs (general-
purpose graphics processing units) have enabled powerful
machines for personal use by definition, a supercomputer is
exceptional in terms of performance.

Use of Supercomputer
In Pakistan and other countries supercomputers are used by Educational
Institutes like NST (Pakistan) for research purposes. Pakistan Atomic Energy commission &
Heavy Industry Taxila uses supercomputers for Research purposes.
Space Exploration
Supercomputer are used to study the origin of the universe, the dark-matters.
For these studies scientist use IBM’s powerful supercomputer “Roadrunner” at National
Laboratory Los Alamos.

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Earthquake studies
Supercomputers are used to study the earthquakes phenomenon. Besides
that supercomputers are used for natural resources exploration, like natural gas, petroleum,
coal, etc.
Weather Forecasting
Supercomputers are used for weather forecasting, and to study the nature
and extent of hurricanes, rainfalls, windstorms, etc.
Nuclear weapons testing
Supercomputers are used to run weapon simulation that can test the Range,
accuracy and impact of Nuclear weapons.
Popular Supercomputers

 IBM’s Sequoia, in United States

 Fujitsu’s K Computer in Japan
 IBM’s Mira in United States
 IBM’s SuperMUC in Germany
 NUDT Tianhe- 1A in China

2. MAINFRAME COMPUTER
Although Mainframes are not as powerful as supercomputers, but certainly
they are quite expensive nonetheless, and many large films and government organizations
uses Mainframes to run their business operations. The Mainframe computers can be
accommodated in large air-conditioned rooms because of its size. Super-computers are the
fastest computers with large data storage capacity, mainframes can also process and store
large amount of data. Banks, educational institutions and insurance companies use
mainframe computers to store data about their customers, students and insurance policy
holders.
Popular Mainframe computers

 Fujisu’s ICL VME

 Hitachi’s Z800
3. Minicomputer
Minicomputers are used by small businesses and firms.
Minicomputers are also called as “Midrange computers”. These are small
machines and can be accommodated on a disk without not as processing
and data storage capacity as super-computers and mainframes. These
computers are not designed for a single user. Individual departments of a
large company organizations use Mini-computers for specific purposes.
For example, a production department can use Mini-computers for
monitoring certain production process.
Popular Minicomputers

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  K-202
 Texas Instrument TI-990
 SDS-92
 IBM Midrange computers

4. Microcomputer
Desktop computers, laptops, personal digital assistant
(PDA), tablets and smartphones are all types of
microcomputers. The micro-computers are widely used
and the fastest growing computers. These computers
are the cheapest amont the other three types of
computers. The Micro-computers are specially
designed for general usage like entertainment,
education and work purposes. Well known
manufacturers of micro-computer are Dell, Apple, Samsung, Acer and Toshiba.
Desktop computers, gaming consoles, sound and navigation system of a car,
netbooks, notebooks, PDA’s Tablet PC’s, smartphones, calculators and all type of
Microcomputers.

THE 3 FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS OF THE COMPUTER

 System Unit – acts like the center or core,

processing the data nad information it
receives from input devices.
 Output devices – These are the devices like
printer and speaker. It receives the system
unit’s processed information.
 Input devices – an input devices in any
hardware devices that sends data to a
computer, allowing you to interact with and
control the computer.

Input Devices
An input device is
signals to an information
processing
system such as a
computer or information
appliance.

Example of Input Devices

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Output Devices
An output device is any device used to send data from a computer to another device or user.

Examples of Output Devices

Basic Parts of System Unit

1. System case
2. Motherboard
3. CPU
4. Power Supply
5. Hard disk
6. CDROM drive
7. Expansion Slot

1. SYSTEM CASE

A computer case, also known as a computer chassis,

tower, system unit, or cabinet, base unit or simply CASE and
sometimes incorrectly referred to as the “CPU” or “Hard drive”, is
the enclosure that contains most of the components of a computer.

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 Two Types of System Case
a. Tower (Full, Mid, Mini) – design to sit vertically
b. Desktop (Standard, slimline) – designed to sit

2. MOTHERBOARD
A Motherboard (sometimes alternatively known as the
mainboard, main circuit board, system board, baseboard, planar
board or logic board, or colloquially, a mobo) is the main printed
circuit board (PCB) found in general purpose computers and
other expandable systems. It holds, and allows, communication
between many of the crucial electronic components of a system,
such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and
provides connectors for other peripherals. Unlike a backplane, a
motherboard usually contains significant sub-systems such as
the central processor, the chipset's input/output and memory controllers, interface
connectors, and other components integrated for general purpose use and
applications.

3. CPU
A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central
processor or main processor, is the electronic
circuitry within a computer that executes instructions that
make up a computer program. The CPU performs
basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output (I/O)
operations specified by the instructions. The computer
industry used the term "central processing unit" as early

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 as 1955. Traditionally, the term "CPU" refers to a processor, more specifically to its
processing unit and control unit (CU), distinguishing these core elements of a
computer from external components such as main memory and I/O circuitry.

Evolution of CPU

Machine language - a computer programming language consisting of binary or

hexadecimal instructions which a computer can respond to directly.

4. POWER SUPPLY (Wattage)

A power supply is an electrical device
that supplies electric power to an electrical load.
The source power may come from the
electric power grid, such as an electrical outlet,
energy storage devices such as batteries or fuel
cells, generators or alternators, solar power converters, or another power supply.

5. HARD DISK (STORAGE DAPACITY – GIGABYTES (Gb) and/or TERABYTE (Tb))

A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive,
or fixed disk is an electro-mechanical data storage
device that uses magnetic storage to store and
retrieve digital data using one or more rigid rapidly
rotating platters coated with magnetic material. The platters
are paired with magnetic heads, usually arranged on a
moving actuator arm, which read and write data to the platter surfaces. Data is
accessed in a random-access manner, meaning that individual blocks of data can be
stored and retrieved in any order. HDDs are a type of non-volatile storage, retaining
stored data even when powered off.

Two types of Hard Drive

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 a. SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)
A SATA hard drive is a type of rewritable mass storage device characterized
by respectable transmission speeds, excellent storage capacities, and flawless
support by virtually all operating systems and computer motherboards. SATA hard
drive can be found inside desktop computers, laptops, and servers.
b. IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)
is more commonly known as ATA or PATA (parallel ATA). It is a standard interface
for IBM computers that was first developed by Western Digital and Compaq in 1986 for
compatible hard drives and CD or DVD drives. IDE is different than SCSI and ESDI (Enhanced
Small Disk Interface) because its controllers are on each drive, meaning the drive can
connect directly to the motherboard or controller. IDE and its updated successor, EIDE
(Enhanced IDE), are common drive interfaces found in IBM compatible computers. Below is
a picture of the IDE connector on a hard drive, IDE cable, and the IDE channels on the
motherboard.

IDE Vs. SATA

6. CD-Rom ( Capability CDROM/CDRW/DVDROM/DVDRW)

A CD-ROM (/ˌsiːdiːˈrɒm/, compact disc read-only memory)
is a pre-pressed optical compact disc that contains data. The
name is acronym which stands for “Compact Disjc Read-Ony
Memory”. Computers can read CD-ROs, but cannot write to
CD-ROMs which are not writable or erasable.
CD-Compact Disk (700mb)
DVD-Digital Versatile Disk (4.7 Gb)
7. EXPANSION SLOT

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 Alternatively known as a bus
slot or expansion port, an expansion slot is a
connection or port inside a computer on
the motherboard or riser card. It provides an
installation point for a hardware expansion card to
be connected. For example, if you wanted to install a
new video card in the computer, you'd purchase a video expansion card and install
that card into the compatible expansion slot.
This is where you install the video card, sound card and LAN card

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 LAN Card Video Card Sound Card

RAM- Random Access Memory

Random-access memory (RAM /ræm/) is a form
of computer memory that can be read and changed in any
order, typically used to store working data and machine code.
A random-access memory device allows data items to
be read or written in almost the same amount of time
irrespective of the physical location of data inside the
memory. In contrast, with other direct-access data storage
media such as hard disks, CD-RWs, DVD-RWs and the older magnetic tapes and drum
memory, the time required to read and write data items varies significantly
depending on their physical locations on the recording medium, due to mechanical
limitations such as media rotation speeds and arm movement.
TYPES OF RAM
1. SIM- Single In line Memory module.
- It contain 1 notch

2. DIMM- Dual In line Memory

Module
- It contain 2 notches

3. DDR – Dual Data Rate (found on

latest computer)
DDR1, DDR2, DDR3, DDR4

What are the different motherboard components and their functions?

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1. Northbridge
A Northbridge or host bridge is one of the two chips in the core
logic chipset architecture on a PC motherboard, the other being the southbridge.
Unlike the southbridge, northbridge is connected directly to the CPU via the front-
side bus (FSB) and is thus responsible for tasks that require the highest performance.
The northbridge, also known as Memory Controller Hub, is usually paired with a
southbridge. In systems where they are included, these two chips manage
communications between the CPU and other parts of the motherboard, and
constitute the core logic chipset of the PC motherboard.
2. Processor socket
The processor socket (also called a CPU socket) is the connector on the
motherboard that houses a CPU and forms the electrical interface and contact with
the CPU. Processor sockets use a pin grid array (PGA) where pins on the underside of
the processor connect to holes in the processor socket.
3. Memory
A memory slot or RAM slot is what allows computer memory (RAM) chip/stick
to be inserted into the computer. Depending on the motherboard, there will usually
be 2 to 4 memory slots (sometimes more on high-end motherboards) and are what
determine the type of RAM used with the computer.
4. IDE
Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) is a standard interface for connecting
a motherboard to storage devices such as hard drives and CD-ROM/DVD drives. The
original IDE had a 16-bit interface that connected two devices to a single-ribbon
cable.
5. Southbridge
The southbridge is one of the two chips in the core logic chipset on a personal
computer (PC) motherboard, the other being the northbridge. The southbridge
typically implements the slower capabilities of the motherboard in a
northbridge/southbridge chipset computer architecture. In systems
with Intel chipsets, the southbridge is named I/O Controller Hub (ICH),
while AMD has named its southbridge Fusion Controller Hub (FCH) since the
introduction of its Fusion AMD Accelerated Processing Unit (APU).
6. BIOS (basic input/output system) is the program a personal computer's
microprocessor uses to get the computer system started after you turn it on. It also
manages data flow between the computer's operating system and attached devices
such as the hard disk, video adapter, keyboard, mouse and printer.
7. SATA
Abbreviated from Serial AT Attachment) is a computer bus interface that
connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical
drives, and solid-state drives. Serial ATA succeeded the earlier Parallel ATA (PATA)
standard to become the predominant interface for storage devices.

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8. PCI
A Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) slot is a connecting apparatus for
a 32-bit computer bus. These tools are built into the motherboards of computers
and devices in order to allow for the addition of PCI devices like modems, network
hardware or sound and video cards.
9. AGP. (Accelerated Graphics Port)
An earlier hardware interface from Intel for connecting a graphics card
(display adapter) to a PC. Introduced in 1997 and superseded by PCI Express in the
late 2000s, a single AGP slot on the motherboard provided a direct connection
between the card and memory.

Ports of motherboard

1. PS/2 Keyboard connector

The PS/2 port is a 6-pin mini-DIN connector used for connecting keyboards  to
a PC compatible computer system.
2. PS/2 Mouse connector
The PS/2 port is a 6-pin mini-DIN connector used for connecting mouse  to a PC
compatible computer system.
3. USB Ports

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 A USB port is a standard cable connection interface for personal computers and
consumer electronics devices. USB stands for Universal Serial Bus, an industry
standard for short-distance digital data communications. USB
ports allow USB devices to be connected to each other with and transfer digital
data over USB cables.
4. Serial Communications Port
A serial port is a serial communication interface through which information
transfers in or out sequentially one bit at a time. This is in contrast to a parallel
port which communicates multiple bits simultaneously in parallel.
5. A Video Graphics Array (VGA) connector is a three-row 15-pin DE-15 connector.
The 15-pin VGA connector was provided on many video cards, computer
monitors, laptop computers, projectors, and high definition television sets.
6. Audio Jack Out
A phone connector, also known as phone jack, audio jack, headphone
jack or jack plug, is a family of electrical connectors typically used for analog
audio signals.
7. Microphone jack
Used to connect microphone.
8. Line in Jack
Line in or line-in is a jack found on computer sound cards enabling users to
connect an external audio device. These devices include CD players, audio
mixers, musical instruments, and microphones. They are used to record, play,
and modify the incoming audio.
9. Parallel port
A parallel port is a type of interface found on computers (personal and
otherwise) for connecting peripherals. The name refers to the way the data is
sent; parallel ports send multiple bits of data at once, as opposed to serial
interfaces that send bits one at a time.
10. LAN Port
Alternatively referred to as an Ethernet port, network connection, and
network port, the LAN port allows a computer to connect to a network using a
wired connection. The picture is a close up of what a LAN port looks like for a
network cable using a RJ-45 connector.

Computer Cable Connections – How to connect cables

1. VGA Cable
A Video Graphics Array (VGA) connector is a three-row 15-pin DE-
15 connector. The 15-pin VGA connector was provided on many
video cards, computer monitors, laptop computers, projectors,
and high definition television sets. On laptop computers or other
small devices, a mini-VGA port was sometimes used in place of the
full-sized VGA connector.
2. DVI Cable

24
 DVI is one of the most common digital video cables you'll see on desktops and LCD
monitors today. It's the most similar to VGA connectors, with up to 24 pins and
support for analog as well as digital video. DVI can stream up to 1920×1200 HD
video, or with dual-link DVI connectors you can support up to 2560×1600 pixels.
3. HDMI Cable
HDMI stands for High Definition Multimedia Interface and is the
most frequently used HD signal for transferring both high definition
audio and video over a single cable.
It is used both in the commercial AV sector and is the most used cable
in homes connecting devices such as digital TV, DVD player, BluRay
player, Xbox, Playstation and AppleTV with the television.
4. PS/2 Cable
he PS/2 (Personal System/2) port, also referred to as the mouse
port or keyboard port, was developed by IBM. It is used to connect a
computer mouse or keyboard to an IBM compatible computer. The
PS/2 port is a mini DIN plug that contains six pins and is still sometimes
found on all IBM compatible computers.

5. Ethernet Cable (Also known as RJ-45 Cable)

An Ethernet cable is a common type of network cable used with wired
networks. Ethernet cables connect devices such as PCs, routers,
and switches within a local area network. These physical cables are
limited by length and durability. If a network cable is too long or of
poor quality, it won't carry a good network signal. These limits are one
reason there are different types of Ethernet cables that are optimized
to perform certain tasks in specific situations.

6. 3.5 mm audio cable –audio port

Also known as phone connector (since 3.5 mm jacks
are often found on mobile phones too)
-Connect one end to: computer speakers, 3.4
mm headphones, 3.5 mm microphone.
-Connects other end to: audio ports on
computer (see the given image).
-Green audio port: computer speakers or headphones

7. USB Port
A USB port is a standard cable connection interface for
personal computers and consumer electronics devices. USB stands for
Universal Serial Bus, an industry standard for short-distance digital data
communications. USB ports allow USB devices to be connected to each other with
and transfer digital data over USB cables.
Since USB was intended to be the one computer cable connection to replace
them all, it’s no surprise that the possible use of a USB port are quite mind-blowing.
For this computer cable guide, we have listed its more common uses below:
Connect one end to : USB device
Storage devices: USB Flash drive, external hard drive, external optical drive

25
 Input devices: USB keyboard (wired and wireless), USB mouse (wired and wireless),
webcam, scanner, gamepad
Output devices: Printer, all in one office machine, USB speaker.
8. Power Cable
A power cable is an electrical cable, an assembly of one or
more electrical conductors, usually held together with an overall
sheath. The assembly is used for transmission of electrical
power. Power cables may be installed as permanent wiring within
buildings, buried in the ground, run overhead, or exposed.
Note: Always turn off your power supply unit (with the 1-0 switch at the back) before
connecting a power cord to it.

Post-Test: How Much Have You Learned?

POST-TEST LO 1 B

B. ENUMERATION: Enumerate the following:

c. Types of Computer
1.
2.
3.
4.
d. Basic Parts of System Unit
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
B. CLASSIFICATION: Classify whether the given device is under INPUT or OUTPUT.
_____________1. Printer _____________6. Web cam
_____________2. Monitor _____________7. Microphone

26
_____________3. Scanner _____________8. Mouse
_____________4. Barcode Reader _____________9. Headset
_____________5. Joystick _____________10. Keyboard
C. ACRONYMS: Give the meaning of the following:
1. AGP
2. BIOS
3. CD
4. CPU
5. DDR
6. DIMM
7. DVD
8. HDD
9. HDMI
10. I/O
11. IDE
12. PCI
13. RAM
14. SATA
15. USB

27
 Post-Test: How Much Have You Learned?

POST-TEST LO 1 C

D. DIRECTIONS:

c. Name the different ports of Motherboard

d. Name the different parts of Motherboard

28
 Congratulations!
You did a great job! Rest and relax while then
move on to the next lesson. Good Luck!

REFERENCES

https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Computer-Systems-Se
rvicing-NC-II-CG.pdf
https://tesda.gov.ph/Download/Training_Regulations?Searchcat=Training%20Re
gulations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_computer
https://pcguide4u.com/list-input-output-devices-computer/
https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-ports-on-the-motherboard-and-their-functions

29
 Pre-Test: What Do You Already Know?

Let us determine how much you already know about Assembling Computer Systems
Servicing. Take this test.

Pre-Test LO 1 D

A. DIRECTIONS: Arrange the proper procedure in ASSEMBLING SYSTEM UNIT. Label your answer from
1(first step) to 15 (last step).

________ Connect Cables

________ Gather Tools and Supplies
________ Ground Yourself
________ Install Case Fan
________ Install Hard Drive
________ Install Motherboard
________ Install Optical Drive
________ Install Power Supply
________ Install RAM
________ Install the CPU Fan
________ Install the CPU
________ Open the Case
________ Prepare the Case for Assembly
________ Procuring Parts
________ Wrap-up

30
 Pre-Test: What Do You Already Know?

Let us determine how much you already know about Assembling Computer Systems
Servicing. Take this test.

Pre-Test LO 1 E

B. DIRECTIONS: Arrange the proper procedure in DISASSEMBLING SYSTEM UNIT. Label your answer
from 1(first step) to 13 (last step).

________ CD/DVD Drive[s]

________ CPU Fan
________ CPU

________ Expansion Cards

________ Hard Drive & Portable Drive Slot
________ Heat Sinker

________ Outer Shell/Casing

________ Power Supply
________ RAM (Random Access Memory)

________ System Fan

________ The Motherboard

________ The Power Switch

________ Unplugging

31
 DISCUSSION: INFORMATION SHEET

HOW TO ASSEMBLE A DESKTOP PC

These instructions are to help you assemble your PC. This process can be complicated
and there are many points where components can be easily damaged. Please read through all
of these instructions thoroughly before starting so you know of possible problems and dangers
to the components. This is to help you end with a computer in good working order.

Step-by-Step Procedure on How to Assemble a Desktop Computer

Step 1: Procuring Parts

First you will need to prepare the parts necessary to build the computer such as the
following:
1. Processor (CPU)
2. Computer Case
3. Optical Drive (DVD RW and SATA capable)
4. Memory (RAM)
5. Power Supply
6. SATA Cables
7. Motherboard (SATA Capable)
8. Processor Fan
9. Case Fan
10. Hard Drive (SATA Capable)
11. Different tools needed such as screw drivers, pliers, multitester etc.

Step 2: Gather Tools and Supplies

Gather the tools you will need for the project:

Screwdriver (for slotted and Phillips head screws)
Wire cutters and strippers
Needle-nosed pliers
Utility knife
Small flashlight
Adjustable wrench
Small container to hold screws
Heat sink compound
Grounding Strap

Note:  You may not use every single one of these tools in every installation, but it is best to
have all of them on hand in case you have a use for them.

32
 Using incorrect tools for a task (such as turning a screw with a knife blade) can cause
equipment damage and bodily injury.

Step 3: Open the Case

Open the computer case by removing the

side panels. Find the screws that hold the side
panels in place and remove them (shown in figure
3 circled in red). The panel is removed by first
sliding it back (figure 4) then lifting it away from
the case (figure 5).

Note: Case may have sharp edges. Handle with

care to avoid injury.

Step 4: Prepare the Case for Assembly

Three things need to be done before assembly begins:

Remove any parts or packaging Figure 7

Figure 6
materials that may have been shipped
inside the case (figure 6).
Remove the cover for the optical drive. On our
case, we will be removing the cover on the
highest drive bay to mount our DVD drive Figure 8
as shown in figure 7. Do this by pressing in
the retaining tabs shown in figure 8.
Make note of the cables pre- Figure 9
installed in the case. These should be front
panel connections for features such as the
power switch, audio jacks and USB ports. If they
are not labeled, consult the manufacturer’s document ation and label them yourself now
before other parts are installed in the case (figure 8).

Step 5: Ground Yourself

Put the grounding strap on your wrist

(Figure 10) and connect the other end to the
computer case. If your strap is not equipped
with a clip to hook to the case, find a place to
wedge against the metal as shown in figure

33
11. This will prevent any buildup of static electricity on your body from damaging the computer
components.

Note: Static electricity can ruin computer components. Always wear a grounding strap when
handling any internal components.

Step 6: Install Motherboard

To install the motherboard we need parts that should have been included with your
purchased components:

I/O Bezel is a trim panel installed in the back of the case that surrounds the interface
ports on the motherboard. It should be included with the motherboard. Figure 12 shows the
contents of the
motherboard box.

Standoffs are
installed in the case screw
holes to create a riser that
separates the case and
motherboard. The screws
install into the standoffs as
shown in figure 13. Screws
and standoffs should be
included with the case, but
it is a good idea to order
these items just in case
they aren't included.
Follow these steps to install the motherboard in the case:

Install the I/O bezel plate into the opening in the back of the case (figure 14). It pushes
in from the inside.
Install standoffs in the case. The standoffs screw into the motherboard mounting holes
shown in figure 14. Check the screw hole locations on the motherboard for exact placement.
Lower the motherboard into the case and align with the I/O bezel.
Install the screws.
Figure 15 shows the motherboard installed in the case. It works best to leave the
screws loose until all of them have been started and the board is aligned with the bezel.

Note: To prevent damage to the motherboard it must only contact the standoffs and screws. All
of the standoffs and screws must be
installed.

Step 7: Install Hard Drive

34
 The hard drive is the device that stores all of your data. It is 3.5" wide and needs to be
mounted so that you can gain access to the cable connections on the back (figure 16). If that is
not possible you may need to connect cables before you install the drive. To mount the drive:

Find a 3.5" drive bay to install the drive in. If you have trouble finding a place to mount
the drive consult your case documentation for suggestions.
Slide the drive into place until the screw holes on the sides are lined up with the holes
in the case.
Install the screws.

Step 8: Install Optical Drive

The optical drive is 5.25" wide and is installed
in the drive bay that we removed the cover from in a
previous step. Cable access considerations apply to
this drive also. To install the drive:

Slide the drive into the drive bay until the

screw holes are lined up and the front of the drive is
flush with the front of the case (figure 18). Make sure
that it is orientated correctly.
Install the screws.

Step 9: Install the CPU

The CPU is the brain of the computer. It is installed on the motherboard in the socket shown in
figure 20.To install the CPU:

Find the corner marking that

designates pin 1 of the CPU as shown in
figure 19. On this AMD brand processor,
the corner is marked with an arrow.
Consult the manufacturer's
documentation for specific information
about your processor.
Lift the small metal rod next to
the socket as shown in figure 20.
Find the corresponding marking on the
CPU socket and insert the CPU so that
the markings are lined up.
Push the rod down to lock the processor in place (figure 21).

Step 10: Install RAM

The RAM is the temporary memory location that the processor works from.
Permanently stored data is pulled from
disks and stored in RAM while the
processor works with it. The memory is
easy to install:

35
 Set the RAM board in the socket as shown in figure 22. Check to see that the notch in
the board is in the correct location. If it is not, turn it around 180º.
Press firmly on both ends of the board to set it into the socket. Make sure the tabs lock into
place as shown in figure 23.

Note: Pressing the boards in when the tab is not aligned could cause damage to the RAM
boards as well as the motherboard.

Step 11: Install the CPU Fan

The CPU fan is really a combination of a heat sink

and fan together. The unit draws heat away from the CPU .
To install the fan:

Place thermal compound to the CPU following the

instructions provided with the compound.
Set the fan assembly on the CPU with mounting tabs
aligned.
Pull the locking rod down on the fan assembly to
lock into place.
Connect the fan assembly's power connector to the
motherboard. Consult the manual to determine proper
placement.
Note: Failure to apply thermal compound will result in
insufficient cooling and will cause damage to the CPU
and/or motherboard.

Step 12: Install Case Fan

The case fan is usually installed on the back panel of

the case. If the fan mount is not obvious consult the case
documentation. To mount the fan:

Align the mounting holes by holding the fan to the

mounting pad on the inside of the case as shown in
figure 25. The fan needs to be mounted so that it
blows air out of the case.

36
Insert the screws from the outside of the case and tighten.

Step 13: Install Power Supply

Consult your case documentation for details and then

follow these directions to install the power supply:

Align the mounting holes in the case and power supply

as shown in figure 26.
Insert screws and tighten.

Step 14: Connect Cables

With all of the components installed
in the case, the jungle of wires can be
daunting. It is important to consult the
motherboard manual in order to make sure
proper connections are made. There are
two kinds of connections, power and data.
Every device that has been installed
needs power. In figure 27, the power supply
connectors are shown. The motherboard
has two power connections, and there are
two connectors specifically for SATA devices
(drives). The other connectors will run fans
and other non-SATA devices.
Data cables connect drives and front panel devices to the motherboard. Please consult
the motherboard documentation for the exact placement of connectors.

Note: Incorrect connections can damage components and cause bodily injury.

Step 15: Wrap-up

Now that the components are completely installed, the last

thing to do is to reinstall the side panels on the case. The computer is
now ready to be turned on and to have software loaded on it. If the
computer has problems starting up, check all component connections
and mounting to make sure that you have hooked everything up
correctly. Consult individual component manuals for specific
troubleshooting information if problems persist.

37
DISASSEMBLE SYSTEM UNIT

factors you should be considered before disassembly and reassembly of a computer?

Answer:
The following factors are to be considered before disassembly and reassembly.
 Shut down the computer system before the commencement of the process. It is
hazardous to perform any such activity with the computer system power on and
connected with the power supply. Detach the power cable.
 Remove all the interfaces of the devices connected with the cabinet (computer
system).
 Perform the task at the dry, non humid area to prevent environmental problem.
 If you are inexperienced, take a picture of the inside assembly of the cabinet, so that
you can attach the right thing at the right place at the time of reassembly.
 Keep all the screw properly and fix all of them at the appropriate place.

Step-by-Step Procedure in Disassembling System Unit

Step 1: Unplugging
The first thing you have to do, is unplug every cable that's plugged in to computer.
That includes the following cables:
 Power
 USB
 Firewire
 Mouse
 Keyboard
 Internet
 Ethernet
 Modem
 AMFM Antenna
 Cable TV
 etc...

Step 2: Outer Shell/Casing

First off, you have to unscrew the four screws on the back of the
computer. Once the screws are removed, you can remove the side
panels.
Just like the side panels, the top
panel slides off.

Step 3: System Fan

38
 System fan is located at the back side of the computer, the side with all the component
plugins.

First, you have to unplug the fan from the motherboard.

Next, you will have to unscrew the fan from the outside. You should now be able to lift the fan
out of the PC.

Step 4: CPU Fan

The CPU fan is located right on top of the CPU heat sink, which is a large piece of metal with
fins on the top.

Step 5: Power Supply

The power supply supplies power to every component
in a computer. The list below should disconnect:

 Motherboard (very large connector/plug)

 CD/DVD drive[s] power
 Internal hard drive power
 Portable hard drive slot power

Step 6: CD/DVD Drive[s]

The CD/DVD drive is one of the easiest components to remove. First, unplug the ribbon from
the back of the drive. Once that is completed then push it out from the inside.

39
Step 7: Hard Drive & Portable Drive Slot
First off, de-attach the connector at the back of the slot, and unplug the other end from
the motherboard. To remove the hard drive from the side of the slot, unscrew the four screws
securing it in place. You must be very careful to not drop the hard drive, as it is very delicate.

Step 8: Expansion Cards

Expansion cards give a computer new capabilities, once installed.
Different examples are:

 Bluetooth
 Wireless Internet
 Ethernet
 TV
Remove the screws on the occupied card slots. Once the screws
are removed, you should be able to remove the cards by pulling
them carefully upward.

Step 9: The Power Switch

To remove the button, you will need to push it from the back, the side with the wires. For
clarification, see the pictures.

40
Step 10: RAM (Random Access Memory)

A RAM is a s the memory or information storage in a

computer that is used to store running programs and data for
the programs. So, the more RAM you have, the faster your
computer runs. Most computers have 4 or 2 RAM slots.

To remove the RAM, push down on both tabs holding the

RAM in place, which are located at both ends of the RAM.

Step 11: CPU

Remove the CPU by working the lever. Handle with

care.

Step 12: Heat Sinker

Take out the heat sink through the lever, handle with
care.

Step 13: The Motherboard

The motherboard is the mother of the computer!

The motherboard links every component in the
computer together. The CPU, RAM, and
expansion cards are attached directly to it, and
every other part of the computer is in one way or
another attached to it.

The motherboard has seven screws

holding it to the frame, which are indicated by
large white circles around them. Remove those seven, then lift the motherboard out of the frame.

Step 14: Done

41
 Post-Test: How Much Have You Learned?

POST-TEST 1 D

A. DIRECTIONS: Arrange the proper procedure in ASSEMBLING SYSTEM UNIT. Label your answer from
1(first step) to 15 (last step).

________ Connect Cables

________ Gather Tools and Supplies
________ Ground Yourself
________ Install Case Fan
________ Install Hard Drive
________ Install Motherboard

42
________ Install Optical Drive
________ Install Power Supply
________ Install RAM
________ Install the CPU Fan
________ Install the CPU
________ Open the Case
________ Prepare the Case for Assembly
________ Procuring Parts
________ Wrap-up

Pre-Test: What Do You Already Know?

Let us determine how much you already know about Assembling Computer Systems
Servicing. Take this test.

Post-Test LO 1 E

B. DIRECTIONS: Arrange the proper procedure in DISASSEMBLING SYSTEM UNIT. Label your answer
from 1(first step) to 13 (last step).

________ CD/DVD Drive[s]

________ CPU Fan
________ CPU

43
________ Expansion Cards
________ Hard Drive & Portable Drive Slot
________ Heat Sinker

________ Outer Shell/Casing

________ Power Supply
________ RAM (Random Access Memory)

________ System Fan

________ The Motherboard

________ The Power Switch

________ Unplugging

PERFORMANCE TEST: How Do You Apply What You Learned?

Title: Assembling System unit

Materials Needed:
Disassembled System Unit Parts
Tools and equipment such as pliers, screw drivers, Multitester etc.

PERFORMANCE SCORE CARD

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA SCOORING

1 2 3 4 5
1. Gather Tools and Supplies in accordance with their use

2. Properly Open the Case

44
3. Prepare the Case for Assembly (the case is free from
dust or any dirt)

4. Put the grounding strap on wrist before touching any

parts of system unit

5. Install Motherboard Properly

6. Install Hard Drive

7. Install Optical Drive

8. Install the CPU

9. Install RAM

10. Install the CPU Fan

11. Install Case Fan

12. Install Power Supply

13. Connect Cables

14. Wrap-up and Turn on the system unit

5 - Excellently Performed
4 - Very Satisfactorily Performed
3 - Satisfactorily Performed
2 - Fairly Performed
1 - Poorly Performed

Congratulations!
You did a great job! Rest and relax while then
move on to the next lesson. Good Luck!

45
 REFERENCES

https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Computer-Systems-Servicing-
NC-II-CG.pdf
https://tesda.gov.ph/Download/Training_Regulations?Searchcat=Training%20Regulatio
ns
https://www.instructables.com/id/How-To-Assemble-A-Basic-Desktop-PC/
https://turbofuture.com/computers/Dissassembling-and-Assembling-the-computer-syst
em
https://www.slideshare.net/sazzadkarim2/presentation1-38497270
https://www.instructables.com/id/Assembling-a-Desktop-Computer/
https://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-Disassemble-a-Computer-With-Easy-Steps-a
nd-/

46