JEFFREY L.

SANGGALANG
MYLA L. EDUARTE
Secondary School MasterSecondary
Teacher II,School
TLE Teacher I, TLE
GOLDEN ACRES NATIONAL HIGH
GOLDEN ACRES NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
 R epublic of the P hilippines
D epartment of E ducation
N a t i o n a l C a pi t a l Re g i o n
Sc h o o l s D i v i s i o n O f f i c e o f La s Pi ñ a s C i t y

NAME: _______________________________________________________________
GRADE & SECTION: ___________________________________________________
SCORE: ______________________ TEACHER: ______________________________

MODULE IN TLE 7
Computer System Servicing
Fourth Quarter
Week 5
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY
Performing Computer Operations (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ic-d-4)

OBJECTIVES
1. Identify the types of system software.
2. Illustrate each parts of system software.

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

Computer software is divided into three. The System Software is the program
that runs and manages the computer, also known as operating system (OS).
The Application Software is composed of different computer programs that
allow users to perform different tasks and Programming Languages that
produce various kinds of output that are used in computer programming to
implement algorithms.

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In this module, we will discuss first, the System Software.

PRETEST: MATCHING TYPE

Direction. Match item on Column A with Column B. Write the letter of
your answer on the space provided.

A B
_____1. It is a software designed to help analyze, a. Middleware
configure, optimize, or maintain a computer.
_____2. Divided into three such as System Software, b. Operating
Application Software and Programming Languages. System
_____3. It has the following examples such as c. Utility Software
keyboards, printers, scanners, digital cameras, and
external storage devices.
_____4. It acts like the connective tissue between d. Device Drivers
applications, data, and users.
_____5. Examples are Microsoft windows 7, 8 and 10, e. Computer
Apples macOS, chrome OS, Blackberry tablet OS and Software
flavors of Linux.
_____ 6. An interconnection of multiple devices, also f. IP Address
known as hosts, that are connected using multiple
paths for the purpose of sending/receiving data or
media.
_____ 7. The layout arrangement of the different g. Host Name
devices in a network.
_____ 8. The set of rules or algorithms which define h. Protocol
the way how entities can communicate across the
network and there exists different protocols defined at
each layer of the OSI model.

_____ 9. Each device in the network is associated with i. Network

a unique device name. Topology
_____ 10. It is known as the logical address, the IP j. Computer
address of the system across the network. Network

2
 WHAT IS IT

System Software is the program that runs and manages the computer,
also known as operating system (OS).

The System Software of the computer includes the following:

Operating System. Is a powerful, and usually large,

program that controls and manages hardware and
software on a computer.
All computers and computer-like devices require operating
systems, including your laptop, tablet, desktop,
Windows 10 smartphone, smartwatch, and router.
Examples: Version of Microsoft Windows like 7, 8 and 10,
Apple's macOS, chrome OS, Blackberry tablet OS, and
flavors of Linux.
Device Drivers. A computer program that controls a
particular device that is connected to your computer for
configuration and specifications of a certain hardware
device. Typical devices are keyboard, printers, scanners,
digital cameras, and external storage devices.
Middleware. A software that provides common services
and capabilities to applications outside of what is offered
by the operating system. Data management, application
services, messaging authentication, and API management
are all commonly handled by middleware.
It helps developers build applications more efficiently. It
acts like the connective tissue between applications, data,
and users.
Utility Software. A software designed to help to analyze,
configure, optimize, or maintain a computer. It is used to
support computer infrastructure – in contrast to
application software, which is aimed at directly
performing tasks that benefit ordinary users.
Shell and Windowing Systems. A system for sharing a
computer’s graphical display presentation resources
among multiple applications at the same time. In a
computer that has a Graphical User Interface (GUI), you
may want to use several applications at the same time.

3
Computer Network

A computer with minimal memory, disk storage and processor power designed
to connect to a network, especially the internet. The idea behind network
computers is that many users who are connected to a network do not need all
the computer power they get from a personal computer. Instead, they can rely
on the power of the network servers.

Open System. A system is connected to the network and is ready for

communication.
Closed System. A system which is not connected to the network and cannot be
communicated with.
Computer Network. An interconnection of multiple devices, also known as
hosts, that are connected using multiple paths for the purpose of
sending/receiving data or media.

Examples of Network Devices:

Network Topology. The layout arrangement of the different devices in a

network. Examples. Bus, Star, Mesh, Ring, and Daisy chain.

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Protocol. the set of rules or algorithms which define the way entities can
communicate across the network and there exists different protocols defined at
each layer of the OSI model.
UNIQUE IDENTIFIERS OF NETWORK

Host Name: Each device in the network is associated with a unique device
name known as Hostname.

IP Address (Internet Protocol Address). Also known as the logical address,

the IP address of the system across the network.

MAC Address (Media Access Control address). Also known as physical

address, the MAC address is the unique identifier of each host and is
associated with its NIC (Network Interface Card).

POST-TEST: IDENTIFICATION TYPE

Directions. Identify the type of system software it belongs to.
(Operating System, Device Drivers, Middleware, Utility Software, or
Shell and Windowing System). Write your answer on the space provided.

1. Windows 7 - _____________________________________________
2. Keyboard drivers - _____________________________________________
3. Linux - _____________________________________________
4. Printer drivers - _____________________________________________
5. Task bar - _____________________________________________
6. Display screen - _____________________________________________
7. Office 365 - _____________________________________________
8. Kaspersky - _____________________________________________
9. API management - _____________________________________________
10. Keyboard - _____________________________________________

R epublic of the P hilippines

D epartment of E ducation
N a t i o n a l C a pi t a l Re g i o n
Sc h o o l s D i v i s i o n O f f i c e o f La s Pi ñ a s C i t y

5
 MODULE IN TLE 7
Computer System Servicing
Fourth Quarter
Week 6
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY
Performing Computer Operations (TLE_IACCS9-12PCO-Ic-d-4)

OBJECTIVES
1. Identify the types of application software.
2. Illustrate each parts of application software.

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

Computer software is divided into three. The System Software is the program
that runs and manages the computer, also known as operating system (OS).
The Application Software is composed of different computer programs that
allow users to perform different tasks and Programming Languages that
produce various kinds of output that are used in computer programming to
implement algorithms.

In this module, we will discuss the Application Software.

PRETEST: IDENTIFICATION TYPE

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Directions. Identify the correct word for the given definition by arranging the
jumbled letters. Write your answer on space provided.

_______________________ 1. It is a software program you use to easily perform -

SREPADEHSET mathematical calculations on statistical data and
totaling along columns of numbers or determining
percentages and averages.

_______________________ 2. A software designed to allow the user to present -

PRSENAIOTNET information in an engaging way such as with text,
pictures, sound, and video.

_______________________ 3. A software that can play or recording audio files or

AIDMLUTMEI play or recording video files.

_______________________ 4. A software used to manipulate a text document,

W R D O P R C O S I S E G N such as a resume for a report.

_______________________ 5. A utility of software program developed to create,

DATBAESA edit, store, search, extract, automate, and maintain
-
database files and records.

________________________ 6. It is composed of different computer programs that

ERASTFOW AOITACILPPN allow users to perform different tasks.

________________________ 7. It can be easily classified based on their availability

EOASTFRW as well as shareability.

________________________ 8. This software is available free of cost, easily

AREWEEFR download from and can easily use for free of charges.

________________________ 9. This software is distributed freely to users on a

ERAWHSERA fixed trial basis.

________________________ 10. It is available to users along with their source -

NEPO RECOUS code and the user can easily modify and distribute -
The software.

WHAT IS IT

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Application Software is composed of different computer programs that allow
users to perform different tasks.

The Application Software of the computer includes the following:

Word processing software. Is used to manipulate a text

document, such as a resume or a report. You typically enter
text by typing, and the software provides tools for copying,
deleting and various types of formatting.
e.g., MS Word, WordPad, and Notepad.

Database software. A utility of software program developed

to create, edit, store, search, extract, automate, and maintain
database files and records. In simple words, database
software stores data in an organized manner within web
applications.
e.g., Oracle, MS Access, etc.

Spreadsheet software. A software program you use to easily

perform mathematical calculations on statistical data and
totaling along columns of numbers or determining
percentages and averages.
e.g., Apple Numbers, MS Excel
Multimedia software. Is a software that can play or
recording audio files or playing or recording video files. It has
a combination of audio, video, animation, or graphics.
e.g., Real, Player, Media Player, VLC player

Presentation software. A computer program designed to

allow the user to present information in an engaging way
such as with text, pictures, sound, and video.
e.g., MS PowerPoint, Keynotes

Software easily classified based on their availability as well as

shareability.

The classification of the software includes the following:

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 Sample image of Free Share Software

Freeware. This software is available free of cost. A user can easily download them
from the internet and can easily use them without paying any charges or fees.
However, they do not provide any type of liberty to modify the entire software or
charge a fixed fee for its distribution.
e.g., Adobe Reader, Skype, ImgBurn, Audacity, Team Viewer, Yahoo Messenger,
and Facebook messenger
Shareware. This software is distributed freely to users on a fixed trial basis. It
generally comes with a set time limit, and on the expiration of the time limit, the
user is finally asked to pay a fixed fee for the continued services. There are
different types of shareware such as Freemium, Donationware, Adware, Demoware
etc.
e.g., Adobe Acrobat, PHP Debugger, Winzip and Getright
Open source. Such types of software are usually available to users along with
their source code which means that the user can easily modify and distribute the
software as well as add additional features to them. They can either be chargeable
or free.
e.g., Mozilla Firefox, Thunderbird, GNU Compiler Collection, Moodle, Apache Web
Server

Conclusion

People always looking for free, with the increasing role of software in our daily
lives, full stack web development services are now offering the latest software to
fulfil the demands. As we know, there are various types of software where the
market of system software is already saturated with big players like Microsoft,
Apple etc., while the application software has stiff competition with established
players and new players competing to gain extra edge.

POST-TEST IDENTIFICATION TYPE

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Directions. Identify what type of application software are the images below.
Write your answer on the space provided.

1. ________________ 4. __________________

2. _________________ 5. _________________

3. __________________ 6. _________________

7. _________________ 8.
_________________

9.
_______________ 10. ________________

R epublic of the P hilippines

D epartment of E ducation
N a t i o n a l C a pi t a l Re g i o n
Sc h o o l s D i v i s i o n O f f i c e o f La s Pi ñ a s C i t y

10
 MODULE IN TLE 7
Computer System Servicing
Fourth Quarter
Week 7

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY

Demonstrate an understanding of concepts and underlying principles in
performing measurements and calculations. (TLE_IACSS9-12PMC-IIb-d-11)

OBJECTIVES
1. Perform calculation needed to complete task using the four mathematical
fundamental operations.
2. Use calculation involving fractions, percentages, and mixed numbers to
complete workplace tasks.

PRETEST: MULTIPLE CHOICE:

Directions. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. It is defined as a numbering system that uses zero (0) off and one (1) on.
A. Binary system C. Decimal system
B. Data Storage D. Hexadecimal system

2. A numbering system that uses the base 10 and uses the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
A. Binary system C. Decimal system
B. Data Storage D. Hexadecimal system

3. It is the smallest representation of data and the most basic unit of digital
storage.
A. Binary system C. Decimal system
B. Data Storage D. Hexadecimal system

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4. One kilobyte (1 KB) is equivalent to __________bytes.
A. Binary system C. Decimal system
B. Data Storage D. Hexadecimal system

5. One megabyte (1 MB) is equivalent to __________ kilobytes.

A. 1000 kilobytes C. 1024 kilobytes
B. 1042 kilobytes D. 1020 kilobytes

6. One terabyte (1 TB) is equivalent to __________ megabytes.

A. 1000000 MB C. 100000000 MB
B. 10000000 MB D. 1000000000 MB

7. 110 in binary number is equivalent to _____ in decimal number.

A. 4 C. 6
B. 5 D. 7

8. 1001 in binary numbers is equivalent to _____ in decimal numbers.

A. 6 C. 8
B. 7 D. 9

9. 25 in decimal number is equivalent to _____ in binary number.

A. 11100 C. 11000
B. 11110 D. 11001
10. In converting decimal numbers into binary, what basic arithmetic symbol
do you use
A. + C. x
B. - D. /

WHAT IS IT

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DIGITAL REPRESENTATION

Within a computer, information is represented

and stored in a digital binary format. The term
bit is an abbreviation of binary digit and
represents the smallest piece of data. Humans
interpret words and pictures; computers
interpret only patterns of bits.

A bit can have only two possible values, a one

digit (1) or a zero digit (0). A bit can be used to
represent the state of something that has two
states. For example, a light switch can be either
On or Off; in binary representation, these states would correspond to 1 and 0,
respectively.

Computers use binary codes to represent and interpret letters, numbers, and
special characters with bits. A commonly used code is the American Standard
Code for Information Interchange (ASCII). With ASCII, each character is
represented by a string of bits. For example:

Capital letter: A = 01000001

Number: 9 = 00001001

Special character: # = 00100011

Each group of eight bits, such as the representations of letters and numbers,
is known as a byte. Codes can be used to represent almost any type of
information digitally: computer data, graphics, photos, voice, video, and music.

Decimal Numbering System

13
A numbering system that uses the base 10 and uses the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9.

The decimal System Table.

1000s 100s 10s 1s Places

10³ 10² 10¹ 10º Powers

1000 100 10 1 Values

The equivalent of the numbers in the powers row is located at the places row.
Simply put, the decimal system table starts from 10º, 10¹, 10², 10³, 10⁴ and so
on. 10º = 1, 10¹ = 10, 10² = 100 and 10³ = 1000.

Let us take for example, 25.

1000s 100s 10s 1s Places

10³ 10² 10¹ 10º Powers

1000 100 10 1 Values

2 5 Number

The number 25 is treated as (2)(10) + (5)(1) = 25. The Decimal System is what
we use but the computer uses a different number system called the binary
system.

Binary System

Binary is defined as a numbering system that uses zero (0) and one (1). Where
0 is used to represent another condition (OFF) and 1 is used to represent
another condition (ON). It uses 2 as its base.

The Binary System Table

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 16s 8s 4s 2s 1s Places

2⁴ 2³ 2² 2¹ 2º Powers

16 8 4 2 1 Values

Let us take for example, 12.

16s 8s 4s 2s 1s Places

2⁴ 2³ 2² 2¹ 2º Powers

16 8 4 2 1 Values

1 1 0 0 Number

Step 1: 12÷16=0 The answer is 0 since the divisor is larger than the
dividend.

Step2: 12÷8=1 rem. The answer is 1 remainder 4. The rem. 4 will be

4 carried to the next step.

Step 3: 4÷4=1 The answer is 1. Since there is no remainder zero

(0) will be carried over to the next step.

Step 4: 0÷2=0 The answer is 0.

Step 5: 0÷1=0

The answer is 1100.

CONVERT DECIMAL NUMBERS TO BINARY

15
To convert a decimal number to binary, all you must do is divide the number
by 2. Get the quotient and the remainder. Bring down the quotient, divide it by
2, and get the quotient and remainder again. Do it repeatedly until the quotient
results to 0. Copy the remainder from bottom to top, and that is the binary
equivalent.

Example: 25
Quotient Remainder
25/2 12 1

12/2 6 0
6/2 3 0

3/2 1 1
1/2 0 1

25 = 11001

Checking: 1 1 0 0 1 multiplier

16 8 4 2 1 equivalents

16 8 0 0 1 results

16+8+1 = 25

CALCULATING DATA STORAGE

16
While a bit is the smallest representation of data, the most basic unit of digital
storage is the byte. A byte is 8 bits and is the smallest unit of measure (UOM)
used to represent data storage capacity.

One kilobyte is a little more than one thousand bytes, specifically 1,024. A
megabyte represents more than a million bytes or 1,048,576. A gigabyte is
1,073,741,824 bytes. A terabyte is 1,099,511,627,776. The exact number is
gained by taking 2^n power.

In general, when something is

represented digitally, the
greater the detail, the greater
the number of bits needed to
represent it. A low-resolution
picture from a digital camera
will use around 360KB, and a
high-resolution picture could
use 2 MB or more.

Kilobytes, megabytes,
gigabytes, and terabytes are
typically used to measure the
size or storage capacity of a
device. Examples of
components and devices that
use byte storage include
random access memory (RAM),
hard disk drive space, CDs,
DVDs, and MP3 players.

CDs have a data storage capacity of approximately 700 MB. DVDs have a data
storage capacity of approximately 4.3 GB on a single-layer disc, and
approximately 8.5 GB on a dual-layer disc. BDs have a storage capacity of 25
GB on a single-layer disc, and 50 GB on a dual-layer disc.

17
Once we know the size of a file or folder, it is possible to determine the number
of bytes being used. For example:

A file is 20 KB in size.

1 KB = 1,024 Bytes

1 KB = 1,024 Bytes

20 * 1,024 = 20,480 bytes in a 20 KB file

If a 20 KB file is stored in a 1 MB folder (1 MB = 1,048,576 bytes of space);

then approximately a total of 51 files can be stored in that folder (1,048,576 /
20,480 = 51.2).

Binary Numbering System

Binary Decimal Binary Decimal

0000 0 1000 8
0001 1 1001 9
0010 2 1010 10
0011 3 1011 11
0100 4 1100 12
0101 5 1101 13
0110 6 1110 14
0111 7 1111 15

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 POST-TEST: TRUE OR FALSE TYPE

Directions: True or False. Write T if the statement is true, F if the

statement is false. Write your answer on the space provided.

1. Binary 11111 is 31 in decimal. _____

2. 1 KB is equal to 1,042 bytes. _____
3. Expressing decimal numbers 13 to binary is 1101. _____
4. Computer operates in binary; it stores and performs calculations using
only zeros and ones. _____
5. 1024 KB is equivalent to 1 MB. _____
6. 1 byte is equivalent to 8 bits.
7. Binary number 10011011 is equivalent to 125.
8. 1 gigabyte is 1,073,741,824 bytes.
9. GB is greater than TB.
10. 2 to the 10th power is 1,024.

19
 R epublic of the P hilippines
D epartment of E ducation
N a t i o n a l C a pi t a l Re g i o n
Sc h o o l s D i v i s i o n O f f i c e o f La s Pi ñ a s C i t y

MODULE IN TLE 7
Computer System Servicing
Fourth Quarter
Week 8
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY
Demonstrate understanding concepts and principles in preparing and
interpreting technical drawings and work plans for CSS. (TLE_IACCS9-12PITD-
IIg-h-14)

OBJECTIVES
1. Identify different kinds of technical drawings.
2. Interpret technical drawing.

PRETEST: MULTIPLE CHOICE TYPE

Directions. Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. It shows where an in-process measurement occurs.

A. Box C. Diamond
B. Connector D. Triangle

2. It shows a decision point, such as yes/no or go/no-go. Each path emerging

from the diamond must be labeled with one of the possible answers.
A. Box C. Diamond
B. Connector D. Triangle

20
3. It is represented by a small circle and is labeled using letters.
A. Box C. Diamond
B. Connector D. Triangle

4. It represents an individual step or activity in the process.

A. Box C. Diamond
B. Connector D. Triangle

5. It is a diagram that uses graphic symbols to depict the nature and flow of
the steps in a process.
A. Decision C. Sub-process
B. Flowchart D. Terminator

6. It appears at the start and at the end of a flowchart and represented by a

small rectangle with curved corners.
A. Decision C. Sub-process
B. Flowchart D. Terminator

7. It is represented by a diamond. A process that can answer a decision of "yes"

or "no" requires a decision box.
A. Decision C. Sub-process
B. Flowchart D. Terminator

8. It is represented by a rectangle with double lines on each side and a major

process that could be broken up into simpler processes developed into another
flowchart.
A. Arrow lines C. Sub-process
B. Circle D. Terminator

9. It is drawn in one direction, preferably from top to bottom, keeping a

flowchart clear.
A. Arrow lines C. Sub-process
B. Circle D. Terminator

10. It is represented by a rectangle and refers to an action in a business

process.
A. Arrow lines C. Process
B. Circle D. Terminator

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Definitions of Terms:

Drawing act or the art of representing any object by means of lines

and shades
visual representation or image painted, drawn,
Picture
photographed, or otherwise rendered on a flat surface
a series of actions, changes, or functions bringing about a
process
result
pertaining to the useful or mechanical arts, or to science or
Technical
business
a person skilled in mechanical or industrial techniques or in
Technician
a particular technical field
a diagram that uses graphic symbols to depict the nature
Flowchart
and flow of the steps in a process

Tool kit a small bag or box equipped with hand tools

an algorithm for placing and locating files in an organized
Tree structure
database
Video display a computer terminal having a video display that uses a
terminal cathode-ray tube.

WHAT IS IT

Flowchart is a diagram that uses graphic symbols to depict the nature and
flow of the steps in a process. Another name for this tool is "flow diagram."

What Are the Elements of a Flowchart?

A flowchart is commonly used by systems analysts to visualize the series of

processes in a business system. A flowchart is a useful tool to design an
efficient business system and to troubleshoot or improve an existing system. A
flowchart consists of elements, such as the terminator, process, sub process,
decision, arrow lines, and connectors.

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 1. Terminator is represented by a small rectangle with curved corners. A
terminator appears at the start and at the end of a flowchart. The end
terminator appears only once on a single flowchart.

2. Process is represented by a rectangle. It refers to an action in a business

process. It must be described clearly and concisely. A process can be
described using a single verb noun phrase; for example, "Order Office
Supplies." The same level of detail must be kept in processes on a single
flowchart.

3. Sub-process is represented by a rectangle with double lines on each

side. A sub- process is a major process that could be broken up into
simpler processes developed into another flowchart.

4. Decision is represented by a diamond. A process that can answer a

decision of "yes" or "no" requires a decision box.

5. Connector is represented by a small circle or a connector box and is

labeled using letters. A flowchart written on a single page is clearer than
a flowchart on several pages. A connector ensures that the processes are
connected logically and correctly on several pages.

6. Arrow Lines drawn in one direction, preferably from top to bottom, keep
a flowchart clear. Avoid arrow lines that loop because this could indicate
redundancy in the business process.

Benefits of Using Flowcharts

1. Promote understanding of a process. A flowchart can help you gain

agreement about the sequence of steps. It promotes understanding in a
way that written procedures cannot do. One good flowchart can replace
pages of words.

2. Provide a tool for training employees. Because of the way they visually
lay out the sequence of process steps, flowcharts can be very helpful in
training employees to perform the process according to standardized
procedures.

3. Identify problem areas and opportunities for process improvement.

Once you break down the process steps and diagram them, problem
areas become more visible. It is easy to spot opportunities for simplifying
and refining your process by analyzing decision points, redundant steps,
and rework loops.

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Basic Flowchart Symbols

The symbols that are commonly used in flowcharts have specific meanings and
are connected by arrows indicating the flow from one step to another:

Oval. Ovals indicate both the starting point and the ending
point of the process steps.

Box. A box represents an individual step or activity in the

process.

Diamond. A diamond shows a decision point, such as

yes/no or go/no-go. Each path emerging from the diamond
must be labeled with one of the possible answers.

Circle. A circle indicates that a step is connected to another

page or part of the Flowchart. A letter placed in the circle
clarifies the continuation.

Triangle. A triangle shows where an in-process

measurement occurs.

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25
How do you interpret flowcharts?

A Flowchart will help you understand your process and uncover ways to
improve it only if you use it to analyze what is happening. Interpreting your
Flowchart will help you to:

 Determine who is involved in the

process.
 Form theories about root causes.
 Identify ways to streamline the process.
 Determine how to implement changes
to the process.
 Locate cost-added-only steps.
 Provide training on how the process
works or should work.

Below is a sequence of steps that will help you

through an orderly analysis of your flowchart.
Examine
Step 1 - Examine each process step for the following conditions that indicate
a need to improve the process:

Bottlenecks. These points in the process where it slows down may be caused
by redundant or unnecessary steps, rework, lack of capacity, or other factors.

Weak links. These are steps where problems occur because of inadequate
training of process workers, equipment that needs to be repaired or replaced,
or insufficient technical documentation. "Inform the drill leader and improvise"
is one of the weak links.

Poorly defined steps. Steps which are not well-defined may be interpreted
and performed in a different way by each person involved, leading to process
variation. "Improvise" is a poorly defined step in the weak link cited above.

Step 2 - Examine each decision symbol. You may want to collect data on
how often there is a "yes" or "no" answer at decision points marked by a
diamond shaped symbol. If most decisions go one way rather than the other,
you may be able to remove this decision point.

26
Step 3 - Examine each rework loop. Processes with numerous checks
generate rework and waste. Examine the activities preceding the rework loop
and identify those that need to be improved. Look for ways to shorten or
eliminate the loop.

Step 4 - Examine each activity symbol. Does the step help build a key
quality characteristic into the product? If not, consider eliminating it.

Types of flowchart

Besides the three levels of detail used to categorize Flowcharts, there are three
main types of flowcharts namely, linear, deployment, and opportunity. The
level of detail can be depicted as macro, mini, or micro for each of these types.

1. Linear Flowchart. A linear flowchart is a diagram that displays the

sequence of work steps that make up a process. This tool can help
identify rework and redundant or unnecessary steps within a process.

2. Deployment Flowchart. A deployment flowchart shows the actual

process flow and identifies the people or groups involved at each step.
Horizontal lines define customer-supplier relationships. This type of
chart shows where the people or groups fit into the process sequence,
and how they relate to one another throughout the process.

How do we construct a linear flowchart?

Following are the seven steps for developing a linear flowchart.

1. Define the process to be flowcharted, and the purpose for flowcharting

it.
2. Assemble the right people to develop the flowchart—those operators,
technicians, or office workers who are involved in the process.
3. Establish process boundaries—the starting and ending points.
• Identify the major activities or sub processes that are included in the
process.
• Determine what is not included in the scope of the process to remove
any doubt or confusion about the boundaries. This may also help
establish the scope of related processes.
4. List the steps, activities, and decisions to be charted. If your team is
not sure about a step, mark it to be investigated later.

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 5. Put the steps in chronological sequence. Sometimes it's easier to start
with the last step and work back to the first step.
6. Assign flowchart symbols such as boxes, diamonds, and triangles.
7. Review and title the Flowchart.

What I Have Learned

Directions: Read each statement below carefully and fill in the given shape (s)
with the proper program. Re-draw it at the back of paper.

POINTS EARNED CRITERIA

9 - 10 Fill in the given shapes with at least 9-10 and a program
7 -8 Fill in the given shapes with at least 7-8 and a program
5 -6 Fill in the given shapes with at least 5-6 and a program
3 -4 Fill in the given shapes with at least 3-4 and a program
1 -2 Fill in the given shapes with at least 1-2 and a program

Sample flow chart.

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 POST-TEST: COMPLETION TYPE
Direction: Fill up the missing information on the given flowchart
on turning on the computer. (2 pts each)

ANSWERS KEY: Week 5

PRE - TEST
1. C 6. J
2. E 7. I
3. D 8. H
4. A 9. G
5. B 10. F

POST - TEST
1. Operating System 6. Shell and Windowing System
2. Device Drivers 7. Utility Software
3. Operating System 8. Middleware
4. Device Drivers 9. Middleware
5. Shell and Windowing System 10. Device Driver

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ANSWERS KEY: WEEK 6

PRE – TEST

1. SPREADSHEET 6. APPLICATION SOFTWARE

2. PRESENTATION 7. SOFTWARE
3. MULTIMEDIA 8. FREEWARE
4. WORD PROCESSING 9. SHAREWARE
5. DATABASE 10. OPEN SOURCE

POST – TEST
1. SPREADSHEET SOFTWARE 6. OPEN SOURCE
2. PRESENTATION SOFTWARE 7. FREEWARE
3. DATABASE SOFTWARE 8. SHAREWARE
4. MULTIMEDIA SOFTWARE 9. OPEN SOURCE
5. WORD PROCESSING SOFTWARE 10. FREEWARE

ANSWERS KEY: WEEK 7

PRE-TEST

1. A 6. A
2. C 7. C
3. B 8. D
4. C 9. D
5. A 10. D

POST-TEST

1. T 6. T
2. F 7. F
3. T 8. T
4. T 9. F
5. T 10. T

ANSWERS KEY: WEEK 8

PRE-TEST

1. D 6. D
2. C 7. A
3. B 8. C
4. A 9. A
5. B 10. C

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POST-TEST

1. Start
2. Does it turn on?
3. NO
4. computer ready for usage / start working on your computer
5. check power cord / try turning on again

REFERENCES

Barry Press, Marcia Press, PC Upgrade and Repair Bible, Desktop Edition.,
Wiley Publishing Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard, Indianapolis, IN 46256
Castro et. al. Operating System and Office Applications. Vibal Publishing, 2009.
Computer Assisted Learning, Computer System Servicing. Published by CAL
Corporation, 2014.
Computer Assisted Learning, Office Application with Basic PC Troubleshooting.
Published by CAL Corporation, 2014.
Fajarito, Dennis T. Computer Fundamentals. Published by National Bookstore,
2009.
Sareen, N. Information and Communication Technology. Anmol Publications,
2006.

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