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PRACTICAL

Sector:

ELECTRONICS

Qualification Title:

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS ASSEMBLY AND SERVICING NC II

Unit of Competency:

Perform Computer Operations

Module Title:

Performing Computer Operations

Institution:

TESDA Women’s Center

Technical Education And Skills Development Authority
East Service Road, Taguig City
Metro Manila Philippines
 HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Welcome to the module in Performing Computer Operations. This

module contains training materials and activities for you to complete.

The unit of competency “Perform Computer Operations” contains knowledge,

skills and attitudes needed to perform computer operations which include
inputting, accessing, producing, and transferring data using the appropriate
hardware and software. It is one of the common competencies in Electronic
Products Assembly and Servicing National Certificate Level II (NC II).
You are required to go through the series of learning activities in order to
complete the learning outcomes of the module. The module contains
Information Sheets and Resource Sheets (Reference Materials for further
reading) to help you better understand the required activities. Follow these
activities on your own and answer the self-check at the end of each module. You
may remove a blank answer sheet at the end of each module (or get one from
your facilitator/trainer) to write your answers for each self-check. If you have
questions, don’t hesitate to ask your trainer/facilitator for assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered in this
learner’s guide because you have:

 been working for some time or

 already completed training in this area.

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a particular
skill, you don’t have to do the same training again.

If you feel you have some of the skills, talk to your trainer about having them
formally recognized. If you have qualification or Certificate of Competence from
previous training, show it to your trainer. If the skills you acquired are still current
and relevant to the unit/s of competency, they may become part of the evidence
you can present for RPL.

This module was prepared to help you achieve the required competency in
Performing Computer Operations. This will be the source of information for you
to acquire knowledge and skills in this particular trade, with minimum supervision
or help from your instructor. With the aid of this material you will acquire the
competency independently and at your own pace.

 Talk to your trainer and agree on how you will both organize the training of
this unit. Read through the learning guide carefully. It is divided into
sections, which cover all the skills, and knowledge you need to
successfully complete this module.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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EPAS NCII Date Revised: TESDA Women’s
May 18,2021 Center Page 2
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 Work through all the information and complete the activities in each
section. Read information sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested
references are included to supplement the materials provided in this
module.

 Most probably your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager.

He/she is there to support you and show you the correct way to do things.
Ask for help.

 Your trainer will tell you about the important things you need to consider in
completing the activities and it is important that you listen and take notes.

 You will be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and practice on

the job. Make sure you practice your new skills during regular work shifts.
This way, you will improve both your speed and memory and also your
confidence.

 Talk to more experienced workmates and ask for their guidance.

 Use the self-check questions at the end of each section to test your own
progress.

 When you are ready, ask your trainer to watch you perform the activities
outlined in the learning guide.

 As you go through the activities, ask for written feedback on your progress.
Your trainer keeps feedback and pre-assessment reports for this reason.
When you have successfully completed each element, ask your trainer to
mark on the reports that you are ready for assessment.

 After you have completed this module (or several modules), and you feel
confident that you are competent, your trainer will arrange an appointment
with a registered assessor to assess you. The results of your assessment
will be recorded in your competency Achievement Record.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

CBLMs On November 8,2015 Issued by:
EPAS NCII Date Revised: TESDA Women’s
May 18,2021 Center Page 3
Perform Computer Revision #: of 104
Operations Developed by:
1st revision: May 8,2018
Jennifer O. Caoile 2nd revision: May 18,2021
QUALIFICATION : ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS ASSEMBLY AND
SERVICING NC II
UNIT OF COMPETENCY : Perform Computer Operations
MODULE TITLE : Performing Computer Operations

INTRODUCTION
For courses dealing with introductory information and communications
technologies—computer and information literacy, Internet, World Wide Web,
digital media, and desktop productivity applications—no prior experience with the
technology or software is assumed. This module provides a solid foundation in
basic computer concepts and the essentials of hardware, software, operating
systems, the Internet, and more.

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE

Upon completion of this module, the trainee should be able to identify the basic
features of MS Word, MS Excel and basic concepts of what an internet is, how to
browse or surf the net and create, send or retrieve e-mail messages..

LEARNING OUTCOMES

After completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:

1. Plan and prepare for task to be undertaken;

2. Input data into computer;
3. Access information using computer;
4. Produce/output data using computer system;
5. Maintain computer equipment and systems.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

The trainee will be assessed by the following performance criteria:

1. Selects and uses hardware components correctly and according to the

task requirement ;
2. Identify and explain the functions of their general features and
capabilities and its uses of both hardware and software ;
3. Produces accurate and complete data in accordance with
requirements;
4. Uses appropriate devices and procedures to transfer files/data
accurately ;
5. Maintained computer system.
ASSESSMENT METHOD:
Competency in this unit shall be assessed through:
 Hands - on
 Direct - Observation
 Practical Demonstration
Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201
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May 18,2021 Center Page 4
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 LEARNING EXPERIENCES

LEARNING ACTIVITIES SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS/RESOURCES

1. Read Information Sheet 1 - 3. Information Sheet 1 – Overview of

Information Technology
Information Sheet 2 – Familiarization with
MS Word window
Information Sheet 3– Functions of the MS
Word Window Parts
2. If you think you have read the Task Sheet 1 – Identify the parts of the MS
information sheet well, you may now Word window
do Task Sheet 1.
3. If you understood and practice the Progress Check 1a and 1b –
lesson well enough, you may now do Familiarization with MS Word window and
Progress Check 1a and 1b. Functions of the MS Word Window Parts
Answer Key to Self-Check
4. If you got the passing score, Task Sheet 2 – Create, Save, Close and
congratulations! You may now Retrieve a Document
proceed with the next lesson, Task
Sheet 2 – Create, Save, Close and
Retrieve a Document.
5. Do Progress Check 2 using the Progress Check - 2
Answer Key found at the back of the Answer Key to Practice problems
module.
6. If you think you have understood the Task Sheet 3 – Edit, Format and Save
lesson well enough, you may now do Changes in a Document
Task Sheet 3.
7. Did you get the passing score? If not, Progress Check - 3
go through the lesson again before Answer Key to Practice problems
proceeding with the next.
8. Read Task Sheet 4 – Proofread, Task Sheet 4 – Proofread, Print Preview
Print Preview and Print a and Print a Document
Document. Make sure to practice the
given task. Approach your trainer if
you need help in understanding a
more complex problem.
9. Do Progress Check – 4 using the Progress Check - 4
Answer Key found at the back of the Answer Key to Practice problems
module.
10. The next lesson is about Microsoft Task Sheet 5 – Learning Worksheet
Excel. Study Task Sheet 5 – Fundamentals
Learning Worksheet Fundamentals
and then complete Progress Check -
5. Please don’t hesitate to approach
your trainer, if you think you need
help on some areas.
11. To check how you are doing so far, Progress Check 5
do Progress Check 5. This covers Answer Key to Self-Check
organizing, formatting, and

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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May 18,2021 Center Page 5
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 calculating numeric data for
accounting, scientific research,
statistical recording, and any other
situation that can benefit from
organizing data in a table-like format
12. The following lessons will be the Task Sheet 6 – Introduction to Internet
application of all that you have
learned from the past lessons. Your
learning will be of great use to the
next lesson. Read and study Task
Sheet 6 – Introduction to Internet
13. Do Progress Check 6 on how to get Progress Check 6
connected to internet. If you were not Answer Key to Self-Check
able to get the passing score, please
go through the lesson again.
14. You have just finished the module in Evidence Plan on Perform Computer
Performing Computer Operations, Operations
congratulations! Please arrange a
meeting with your trainer so she/he
could give you feedback on your
performance.
15. If you are ready, inform your trainer Progress Chart/Trainee’s Performance
that you are ready for assessment. Report
Assessment/Test Package
16. If you are found competent after the Competency-Based Learning Material on
assessment, you can now proceed Unit of Competency: Assemble /
with the next module: Preparing Disassemble Consumer Electronic
and Interpreting Technical Products and Systems
Drawing.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

CBLMs On November 8,2015 Issued by:
EPAS NCII Date Revised: TESDA Women’s
May 18,2021 Center Page 6
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Module Contents
Microsoft Word is one such word-processing program. With the help of
Microsoft Word, you can quickly and easily create memos, faxes, reports, letters,
charts, and newsletters. You can also add pictures and graphical objects in a
document, and working with columns and tables. Learn how to use other Web
features and send a Word document as an e-mail attachment or as an e-mail
message itself is also included in this module.

INFORMATION SHEET 1

OVERVIEW OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

What is DATA?

Data is defined as a collection of independent raw facts, collection of

numbers, letters, symbols and any combination of these that provide the
necessary requirements of a system to achieve a result. It also refers to facts and
figures, relating to events that take place. It likewise, may refer to things known.

What is INFORMATION?

Information is the data that is made meaningful based on the needs of

the user through manipulation. It refers to facts or knowledge acquired in any
manner (in computer lingo, information means processed data).

Types of INFORMATION

Operational – information pertaining to the daily details that go into

running an organization (e.g. receipts, invoices, service
records, payroll, etc.)

Management - information needed to perform the functions of planning,

organizing, directing, and controlling. Such information
includes those coming from external sources.

Strategic - information that is mission critical and relates directly with

the thrust of the organization or the bigger organization
required to act in accordance with the environment or
market competition.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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Desirable Qualities of INFORMATION

Relevant - all of the information supplied must be important to the

person receiving/using it.

Complete - no vital information should be missed out.

Timely - information must be available when time of need arises.

Accurate - correctness or validity of information is necessary because

no sound decision is made on poor information.

Presentable - understandability of information is a function of

presentation. Managers will take in more information if
these are understandable. They will have no time to sort
through badly presented reports to find the required
information.

Cost Effective - it is expensive to collect and process data, and as such,

only essential data processing should be carried out.

Data Processing Concepts

The INPUT-PROCESS-OUTPUT model refers to a conceptual framework

wherein input in the form of data or information is processed resulting in the
generation of an output basically in the form of information.

THE INPUT-PROCESS-OUTPUT (IPO) MODEL

SOURCE INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT USER

Data Information

FEEDBACK CONTROL

What is INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY?

Information Technology (IT), is the totality of means employed to

systematically collect, process, store, present, and share information, in support
of human intellectual activities.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 It encompasses the use of computers, data communications, office
systems technologies, as well as any technology that deals with modern day
application of computing and/or communication.

What is COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY?

Computer Technology would be basically concerned with data

processing innovations. Such innovations are greatly discussed on the historical
highlights in the Development of Computers where the computer’s evolutions
from the abacus to the modern day computers are tackled comprehensively.

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

Data communication has made it possible to transmit information using the

Network. Networking is the electronic highway that is increasing by perceived in
government as the strategic solution of the hour. It brings down critical and timely
information to the desk of the analyst, planner, decision-maker, project
implementer, front line service staff, and ultimately the agency client at the touch
of the button.

Types of NETWORK

Local Area Network (LAN) - from one workstation to another within the
office building, campus or site

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) - from one building to another

within a particular locality

Wide Area Network (WAN) - from one locality to another within the
country

Global Area Network (GAN) – from one country to another around the
globe
OVERVIEW OF COMPUTERS

What is a COMPUTER?

A computer is one of the devices, a computer is an electronic device,

programmable device that can accept data, store, retrieve and process date into
a meaningful output/information. In fact, any calculating device may, generally
speaking, be considered to be a computer. We can, therefore, trace the evolution
of the computer from the manual to the electronic method.

ENIAC: the "Electronic In the 50's, UNIVAC The IBM 7094, a typical
Numerical Integrator and "Universal Automatic mainframe computer [photo
Calculator" 1943 and Computer” - Census courtesy of IBM] - 1970's,
1945 – used for war bureau

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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May 18,2021 Center Page 9
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 An IBM Key Punch machine which By the 1990's a university student would
operates like a typewriter except it typically own his own computer and have
produces punched cards rather exclusive use of it in his dorm room.
than a printed sheet of paper

The original IBM Personal Computer (PC)

A data processing device called the electronic computer was

eventually developed. Computers were given other capabilities in addition to its
calculating functions and are capable of operating at extremely high speed.

The modern computer are getting smaller, faster, require lesser electric
power, and cheaper. Furthermore, it incorporates two additional functions,
namely; 1) to perform logical operations, and 2) to store large volumes of
data.
Processing large volumes of data at high speed is achieved with the use of
the computer’s internal data storage. Instructions and data are stored in the
computer in machine-readable from to enable the processing data electronically,
a process more commonly known as electronic data processing (EDP).

In summary, therefore, the modern computer may be defined as a digital

electronic data processing machine that can perform mathematical and
logical operations, store data and instructions, and process large volumes
of data at high speed.

5 BASIC ELEMENTS:

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 1. Electronic – all computer are powered by electricity. They must
run on electricity on one form or another like the radio, stereo or TV
sets that you have at home. It composed of electronic components
like capacitor, resistor, transistor, diode, Integrated Circuits
(IC)/Chips, Wires, etc.

2. Programmable – A computer must be able to follow a set of

instructions (called programs) to operate.

3. Storage – A computer must be able to store information (like

programs and data) to be able to use the data for another time. This
feature turns the machine into an electronic filing cabinet.

4. Retrieve – On top of being able to store information, a computer

musty be able to retrieve the information that it has stored. Storing
is meaningless without the capability to retrieve.

5. Process – Most importantly, a computer must be able to process a

set of data and transformed these to information. Data is raw,
unprocessed facts. It has the potential to become useful
information, but first it has to be manipulated and transformed. The
best way to do that is to feed the data into a computer. Data is what
computers feed on. You may have figured out by now that
information is processed data. It is data that has already been
manipulated and transformed into something useful.

Capabilities of COMPUTERS

1. Computers have the ability to perform arithmetic

Arithmetic operations include addition, subtraction,

multiplication and division; logical ability refers to its capability of
comparing two numbers and determining which number is positive or
negative. This capability explained by the fact that working parts of
the computer can change states from several million to billion
operations per second for a very large computer, to ten thousands of
operations per second for a slower computer.

2. Computers have the ability to store or remember a great amount

and variety of information and retrieve or recall the information
needed almost instantly.

It has the ability to handle large volumes of repetitive tasks

accurately over long periods of time, e.g., computing the scores of the
Board exams, a major airline reservation system, traffic control
system, and process control system. Here the computer would collect
input from the process in a desired manner, e.g., control industrial

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 processes like the production of steel to achieve balance in yield,
waste, quality costs, and profits.

Limitations of COMPUTERS

1. The computer functions only when an individual has provided

input data and the necessary instructions to process the
information.

The computer must be told precisely what to do, when, and

in what manner. Computers, thus, are still subject to human direction
and control. In this light, the misconception that computers can think,
give meaning to information, operate its own programs, or make
mistakes has been corrected. Human mistakes (in filing, judgment, or
identification) are not to be confused with computer mistakes. The
concept of GIGO or garbage-in-garbage-out illustrates that “ if there is
an error in the data fed into a computer, or if those data are
incomplete or wrong in sequence of presentation, then the computer
will process as instructed, all right, but the resulting output will be
worse than useless”.

2. It can detect but generally cannot correct an inaccurate entry by

itself.

3. It is subject to occasional breakdown or computer malfunctions

because of power failures, computer failures, humidity,
temperature, maintenance time, etc.

4. This is especially true during thunderstorm, when data

transmitted to and from remote terminals may be disrupted. It is
worthy to note, however, that despite these failures the
percentage of usefulness or utility of the machine far exceeds
this limitation.

USES OF COMPUTER

PERSONAL COMPUTING - At home, a microcomputer can be used for

applications like: maintaining up-to-date inventory of household
items, storing names and addresses, creating and monitoring a
household budget, keeping an appointment and social calendar,
writings letters, educations and entertainment such as computer
games

SCIENCE AND RESEARCH - Engineers and scientists use computers as a tool

in experimentation and design. Aerospace engineers use
computer to simulate the effects of a wind tunnel to analyze the
aerodynamics of an airplane prototype. Chemists use computer

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 graphics to create three (3) dimensional views of an experimental
molecule.

INFORMATION SYSTEMS/ DATA PROCESSING - Computer are used to

support the administrative aspects of an organization, for
example: applications including payroll systems, airline
reservation systems, student registration systems and others.
They provide fast data processing requirements and information
needed to make better, more informed decisions by management.

EDUCATIONS - Computers can interact with students to enhance the learning

process. With multidimensional communication using sound, print
graphics and color. The computer has become a good educational
tool in the home, in the classroom and in business. Computers
can help children learn to read and write. Adults can also use
computers to learn about just anything from auto mechanics to
zoology.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE - Today’s computers can imitate many human

movements such as reaching, grasping, calculating, speaking,
remembering, comparing numbers and drawings. Researchers
are working to expand these capabilities by developing computers
and programs that can imitate human intelligence. This general
area of research is called artificial intelligence. However,
computers can never equal a human being. Why? Computers will
never be capable of simulating the distinctly human qualities of
creativity, humor and emotions.

TOOL/S - As modern used of computers, now a days the computer are mostly
used as a tools for repairing the cellular phones and gadgets and also
as a tool for fixing a cars, and its engine tune up.

CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS

No matter how a small or large the computers are, its fundamental

capabilities – processing, storage, input and output – are all the same. The most
distinguishing characteristic of these computer systems is its size, not its physical
size but its computing efficiency. Given this characteristic, computers can be
further classified into 3 categories: microcomputer, minicomputer, mainframe
computer. But it should be emphasized that there are relative categories and
what people call a minicomputer system today may be called a
microcomputer at some time in the future due to very fast developments in
computer technology.
Computer System Components

Like all systems, the computer system is composed of several major

components namely: Dataware, Peopleware, Hardware and Software.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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The DATAWARE

This refers to the systematic and organized collection of data procedures

relevant to the organization. Data are processed following a procedure to
generate information for the use of its management and environment.

The PEOPLEWARE

Peopleware refers to the personnel who manage the EDP system, who
designs the applications and systems software, who writes and encodes the
programs, who runs the hardware, carries out the procedure, etc. Peopleware
consists of:

Project Manager - the person in-charge of organizing the efforts of a

systems development project team.

System Designer - the individual who analyzes designs and implements

computer-based information systems. They serves as
the communications link or interface between users
and technical persons.

Computer Programmer - one who writes programs (step-by-step

instructions for the computer to execute) for a certain
application (e.g. payroll system).

Computer Operator - the person who performs the hardware-based

activities necessary to keep information systems
operational.

Data Encoder - the person who uses data input devices to convert
human understandable data into a computer readable
format.

Database Administrator - a person responsible for the physical design

and management of the database and for the
evaluation, selection and implementation of the
DBMS.

Network Administrator - a person who manages a communications

network within an organization. Responsibilities
include network security, installing new applications,
distributing software upgrades, monitoring daily
activity, enforcing licensing agreements, developing a
storage management program and providing for
routine backups.
Network Engineer -a person who designs, implements and supports local
area and wide area networks within an organization.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 Network engineers are high-level technical analysts
specializing in networks.
The HARDWARE
Computers are supported by auxiliary or by peripheral components such
as tape drives for secondary data storage, printer for hard copy output, and input
terminals for data encoding. The computer and all of its other physical
components just mentioned are part of the computer system (hardware), the one
that you can see with your eyes, you can touch and feel with your hand. This is
the machine itself.
The physical components of a computer, e.g., the monitor, central
processing unit, keyboard, printer are collectively referred to as the hardware.
The hardware of a computer system can be classified according to the five basic
functions that the equipment performs. These functions are the preparation,
input, processing, storage and output of data.
Functional Parts
Input devices - handles the reading in of programs and data through the
input devices. Data are fed into the computer system through this
input device. The input device first converts the data or instructions
stored in an input medium or actual source document into electrical
impulses, which are then transferred to and stored in the computer’s
storage unit, either primary or secondary. Input devices include the
following:

Light Pen - it is an input device that

reads light from the display screen,
thus allowing you to point to a spot on
the screen. Using the light pen, you
point at a region of a touch-tablet or
screen and then press a button on the
pen . The pen reads the location of the
region and sends this information to the
computer. The computer uses the
information to determine what was
being pointed at when the pen button
was pressed.

Puck - it is a pointing device, used

muck like a mouse, but it has a small
magnifying glass with cross hairs. It is
especially good for entering pictorial
data from architectural drawings, maps,
aerial photographs, blueprints and
medical images.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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Bar Code Reader - is a series of
vertical black and white bars. A bar
code reader is a device for translating
these codes into data for the computer.
You can see bar codes on imported
items like chocolate bars.

Joysticks - Computers have become

phenomenal game stations, and certain
hardware additions can make your
playtime wildly enjoyable. You can find
several different types of game
controllers, including joysticks. As with
all computer peripherals, prices vary
widely, but a standard joystick is
relatively inexpensive. Simple joysticks
consist of a single post fixed at the
base like a stick shift that can move in
all directions. You have probably seen
one on a motorized wheelchair to allow
the driver to steer with minimal This joystick gives you control when you
movement. play video games.

Computer Keyboard - The computer

keyboard is one of the basic ways of
entering information into the computer,
so most computers have one except
certain types of handheld devices. If
you’ve used a typewriter, you can use a
computer keyboard. Keyboards come
in a variety of styles. The Microsoft
keyboard shown below has an The optimized keyboard helps reduce the
stress on wrists, arms, and elbows.
ergonomic design that reduces the
muscle and tendon strain in the wrists,
arms, and elbows.

Mouse - Most computers come with a

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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mouse. A mouse is just a pointing
device for selecting items on the
screen. Some designs are different,
including the mouse with a small wheel
with which you can do some added
tricks. An alternative to the mouse is a
track ball, a stationary cradle
containing a ball that you roll with your
fingertips. Laptop computers offer
another alternative, the touchpad—a
pressure-sensitive surface built into the
keyboard console. It lets you move
your cursor by tracing your finger on This mouse is designed to fit the shape of a
the touchpad itself. human hand and contains a wheel for extra
functionality.

Touch Tablet - is an electronic

blackboard that can sense the tip of a
pencil on its surface. It transmits the
location of the pencil to the computer
whenever it is touched.

Magnetic Disk Drive - it is a device for

converting magnetic spots on the
surface of magnetic disk into electrical
signals understandable by the
computer. A magnetic disk is the
storage medium used by the disk drive
to store data.

Magnetic Tape Drive - it is like a tape

or a cassette recorder. This input
device writes and reads data from
magnetized bits or sports on the
surface of a magnetic tape. A magnetic
tape is a storage device used for tape
drive.

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Scanner - A scanner is used to copy
an image or page for storage and
display on the computer. Scanners
typically look like little copying
machines, with a glass plate (the plate
you put the copy on) and a heavy
rubberized mat that lies on top of that.
Scanners are great if you have many
pictures that you want to preserve or
share with others. Scanners are also
great if you have a lot of typed text that
you want to store on the computer.
Scanners now come with OCR (optical
character recognition) software that Use a scanner such as this one to move
actually reads the text on the page and print pictures onto your computer.
turns it into a text file. This doesn’t work
very well with handwritten text,
however, so if your intention is to use a
scanner to translate your brother’s
badly written letters into something
legible, don’t count on it.

Speakers – With a sound card, a CD

drive, and speakers, you can play
regular audio CDs on your computer
and enjoy many of the other audio
features of the applications on your
computer. But as with your stereo, you
can’t hear anything unless you have
speakers! Most likely, your computer
will come with speakers. Speakers
come in all price ranges, but even the With these speakers, you can hear music
and other special audio, as well as the
less expensive ones work well. The everyday reminders and warning sounds
speakers plug into the back of your your computer makes.
computer, and look similar to the ones
shown below.

Console Typewriters Paper Tape Readers

Card Readers Optical Character Recognition devices

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Process device – it is the part of the computer where all computer processing
takes place.

System Unit – responsible for accepting and processing the data brought
in by the input devices, and for passing the resulting information to
the users via the output devices. The system unit is composed of
integrated circuits designed to perform a particular task in
coordination with other ICs.

Output device - Translate/transforms the result of the computer processing

into human readable form through monitor or printer. Since the
computer processes data in the form of electrical impulses, there
has to be a medium convert these electrical impulses to human
readable form. The results, then of the processing of data are
received from the computer by means of an output device and
written onto an output medium.

Computer-generated output comes in one of the following forms:

1. Text Output – is simply the alphanumeric characters that make

up our language.

2. Graphic Output – includes line drawings, maps, business

presentation graphics, computer-aided design, computer
graphics, and photographic reproduction.

3. Sound Output – ranges from the message beeps produced by

the computer system to the human voice to music.

4. Video Output – refer to photographs or moving images such as

television and videotaped material.

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Types of OUTPUT DEVICES

HARD COPY – an output which you can hold in your hands. Once
an output is printed in hard copy, the computer cannot
change it without reprinting. The most common and widely-
used hard-copy output device is the printer.
SOFT COPY - Output types such as audio and video are referred to
as a soft copy. Output can be easily modified by the
computer. The most common soft copy output device is the
video monitor.

Output devices include the following:

PRINTER - provides had copy output on paper. Printers fall into two
major categories namely impact and non-impact printers.

Impact printer – produces an output by using a mechanism that

presses against an inked ribbon on paper. Impact printing
was the first printing technology and it was patterned after
the typewriter. (Dot-matrix computers and letter-quality
printers are examples of impact printers.)

Non-Impact printer – uses a photocopier-like process to transfer

ink to a piece of paper. Since this photo process is very
intricate, the quality of output from a laser printer is normally
excellent and much better than the output of impact printers.

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Plotter – is a specialized kind of a printer which is used for producing
large and complex scientific and engineering hard copies such
as plans and maps. It makes use of moving ink or electrostatic
charges in creating its output.

Monitors – Monitors are a requirement, so they are often included as

standard equipment, but not always. Most people think the
bigger the monitor, the better. The bigger is more expensive,
but today a 17-inch monitor doesn’t cost much more than a 15-
inch monitor. The more screen space you have, the easier it is
to work with your applications on the computer. But the bigger
the display, the larger the tube. A larger tube takes up more
room on your desk. A good choice when your desk space is at
a premium is the flat-panel display, or LCD monitor, a tubeless
monitor that uses a liquid crystal technology. These monitors
require much less desk space, and the absence of a picture
tube means lower power consumption and less heat thrown off
in your room. The cost is higher than that of a traditional
monitor, but the prices are coming down.

MONOCHROME COLORED MONITORS

MONITOR

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Central Processing Unit (CPU) - Sometimes referred to as the heart of
the computer that handles entire operation of the system
and composed of three units:

Primary Memory or Main Storage - a section in the CPU that holds

and accepts program statements/instructions, data from
an input device that transfers information to an output
device, and intermediate and final results during
processing. The storage of the CPU is divided into four
areas:

 Input storage area – is reserved for holding

incoming data for processing
 Program storage area – is used to store the
program statements fed into the machine
 Working storage area – are reserved by the
stored program to retain semi-processed
data or data being processed.
 Output storage area – holds processed information.

The size of each storage area is flexible and is determined by the

programmer.

Two Kinds of Main Storage

 ROM (Read-Only-Memory) – information can be read but

cannot be written. Information is permanent and placed by
the manufacturer.
 RAM (Read-Access-Memory) – temporary storage of data
or information. When computer is turned off, all the
information will be erased.

MEMORY

RAM
(External Storage)

Control Unit

Arithmetic Logic
Unit

CPU/Microprocessor ROM
(Internal Storage)

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 COMPUTER SYSTEM SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Arithmetic Logic Unit - part of CPU that adds, subtracts,

multiplies, and divides numeric data as directed by the
program. It also enables the CPU to make certain logical
decisions and comparisons.

Control Unit - the section of the CPU that directs the

sequence of operations by electrical signals and governs the
actions of the various units, which make up the computer. It
also receives instructions from software or computer
programs and executes these instructions.

Secondary storage - also known as secondary memory, which

serves as the storage area of the computer system.
Secondary storage media, also referred to as auxiliary or
external storage, are used to store programs and data
not currently being used by the computer. It extends the
storage capabilities of the computer system. These
media include the following:

 Disc/diskettes
 Microfilms
 Drums
 Magnetic strips
 Punched cards

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 Types of Disk Drive:

1. Hard Disk drive - contains a non-removable disk platter

which spins continuously at a high speed within a
sealed enclosure. Storage of large amount of
information/data on one convenient place instead of
storing it in floppy disk or a micro disk. The enclosure
keeps the disk-face surfaces free from contaminants
such as dust and cigarette smoke. Storage capacity
ranges from 40, 80, 120, and 3– megabytes.

2. Floppy Disk drive - it is a thin, flexible disk that is

enclosed in a soft 5¼ inch square jacket. Because the
magnetic coated Mylar diskette and its jacket are
flexible like a page in this book, it has been called
flexible disk or floppy disk. To most microcomputer
users, it is commonly called diskettes. The storage
capacity of a diskette ranges from about 360KB 50 1.2
MB.

Example: 3.5-inch Disk Drive holds the 3.5 inch

diskette; 5.25-inch Disk Drive holds the 5.25-
inch diskette

3. CD-ROM drive - Almost all computers have CD drives as

standard equipment. Most software today is shipped on
CDs, as are all the essential learning programs, games,

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 and reference tools such as Microsoft Encarta, an
encyclopedia. A CD drive also allows you to use CDs
(short for compact disc) with your computer. CD drives
are rated by the speed at which they can access
information on the CD, indicated with a number like 12x,
20x, 32x, or 40x, which is read as “40 speed.” CD drives
come in two types: read-only and recordable. With the
read only model, you can’t save or store any of your
own information on a normal CD. Such a CD drive is
the computer equivalent of a stereo record that can also
hold text and graphics. Recordable CD drives allow
you to copy information to them as you would to
floppy disks.

4. Flash Drive – a storage device that

uses flash memory rather than
conventional spinning platters to
store data. Flash drives tend to
imitate conventional hard drives in
size, shape and interface so that
they may act as a replacement for
hard drives. The motivation to call it “drive” comes from
the fact that it is serving the purpose of a part that has
traditionally been mechanically driven.

The SOFTWARE

The software refers to the computer programs, procedures and

specialized aids (e.g. compilers and library routines) that contribute to the
operation of a computer system. Developments in hardware were also
accompanied by developments in software from first generation (1951) to its
present (fifth) generation.

Application Software - refers to programs designed to perform specific

data processing tasks for a particular application. It includes
the programs oriented toward the solution of specific problem
than it is to a general class of problems.

System Software – consists of several different kinds of software that

work together to assist the computer user in effectively using
his computer system. It complements the applications
software, but differs from it. The former is hardware-related
while the latter is vocation-oriented.

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Classification of System Software:

Language Processors – most programming languages permit

the programmer to create programs using notations and
formats that cannot be directly executed by most
computers. This provides problem-solving power and
flexibility but requires that the text of the programs be
processed (translated). This translation or conversion
into a form suitable for execution can be carried out by
programs called language processors or language
translators.

Utility Programs – are written by the computer manufacturer

and provided to the computer user to perform
specialized and repeatedly used functions as sorting,
merging, and transferring data from one I/O device to
another. These programs are usually provided to the use
on a disk pack diskette or some other magnetic file
media.

Operating Systems – is a collection of programs designed to

permit a computer system to manage its own operations.
It allocates computer resources among multiple users,
keeps track of all information required for job accounting
purpose, and establishes job priorities.

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 PARTS OF COMPUTER
KEYBOARD

FRONT PANEL

5 1
6
4 2
3
7 28
26 25
32 30 27 24
31 29
23
8
xxxxx
9

10 F J 5
22

11

13 12 20 18
12 14 16 18
13 15 14 17 11 19 21

1 Serial keyboard socket 17 Special Function Key

2 USB keyboard socket 18 Return/Enter Keys
3 PS/2 keyboard socket 19 Control Arrow Keys
4 Keyboard Signal Cable 20 Control Panel keys
5 Keyboard Casing 21 Numeric Key Pad
6 Functional Keys (F1-F12) 22 Numeric Home Key
7 Escape Key (ESC) 23 Trade Marks
8 Caret Key 24 Scroll Lock Light Indicator
9 Tabulation Key 25 25.) Caps Lock Light Indicator
10 Caps Lock Key 26 Num Lock Light Indicator
11 Shift Keys 27 Num Lock Key
12 Control Keys 28 Pause Break Key
13 Window Keys 29 Scroll Lock Key
14 Alt Keys 30 Print Screen Key
15 Space Bar Key 31 Back Space Key
16 Finger Home Keys 32 Alpha Numeric Keys

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 BACK PANEL

2
2

3 4 3

1 Bolts 3 Keyboard holder/rubber

2 Keyboard stand 4 Trade mark information

MOUSE

1
6
9
8
7 5
1

2
3

4
5 4
3

FRONT PANEL BACK PANEL

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 FRONT PANEL BACK PANEL
1 Mouse Scroller 1 Mouse Track Ball Cover
2 Left Button 2 Screw Lock
3 Right Button 3 Direction Indicator
4 Mouse Casing 4 Trade Mark Information
5 Mouse Trade Mark 5 Mouse Track Ball
6 Mouse Signal Cable
7 PS/2 Socket
8 USB Socket
9 Serial Socket

MONITOR

FRONT PANEL
1
1 Monitor Casing/Housing
2 Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
3 Monitor Stand
2 4 Monitor Light Indicator
5 Monitor Power Switch

FRONT PANEL 5
3
4

BACK PANEL
6 Manufacturer Information
7 Monitor Signal Cable
8 Monitor Female Signal
Connector
6 9 Monitor Power Male
Socket
10 Monitor Power Female
Connector
11 Monitor Power Cable
7 12 Monitor Power Female
9 Connector

8 10 12
11

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SYSTEM UNIT

3 8

4
9
5

6 10
12
11
13
14
15

16 17
18

FRONT PANEL

1 System Casing 11 Micro Floppy Disk Drive Bay

2 CD-ROM Drive Bays 12 Micro Floppy Disk Drive
3 CD-ROD Drive 13 Light Indicator
4 Audio Connector/Hole 14 Eject Button
5 Volume Controller 15 System Power Switch
6 CD-ROM Light Indicator 16 Reset Button
7 CD-ROM Drive Mouth 17 Power Led/Light Indicator
8 Eject Button 18 Hard Disk Led/Light Indicator
9 Control Panel
10 Trade Mark

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 1
2
25
3

7 24
8
9
10
11
13

12 15
14

16

17

18

21 23
20
19 22

BACK PANEL
1 Power Female Socket 14 Audio Socket
2 Voltage Selector 15 Game Port
3 Power Male Socket 16 Parallel Slots
4 Power Switch 17 Telephone Line Socket
5 Power Supply Exhaust Fan 18 Modem Line Socket
6 ATX Power Supply 19 LAN RJ-45 Connector
7 Keyboard PS/2 Socket 20 Network Card Speed Indicator
(100)
8 Mouse PS/2 Socket 21 Network Card Speed Indicator (10)
9 Keyboard USB Connector 22 Expansion Slots Lock
10 Mouse USB Connector 23 System Screw Lock
11 Serial Connector/COM 1 24 System Exhaust Fan
12 Built in Video Connector 25 System Reserved Exhaust Fan
13 Printer Port

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 APPLICATION SOFTWARE

MICROSOFT WORD

MICROSOFT EXCEL

Micrsoft Power Point

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 INTERNET & WORLD WIDE WEB APPLICATIONS

OTHER APPLICATION SOFTWARE

Adobe Photoshop
Nero

Windows Media Player

Visual Basic
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 THE WINDOWS XP SCREEN

The Desktop

Various items appear on the desktop when starting windows

depending on how the computer is set up.

The Taskbar – the user can use the task bar to switch between open
windows. Just click the button that represents the desired application ALT + TAB
can also be used in switching to other applications.

The ICONS:

 My Computer - double-click this icon to see the computer’s contents

and manage files.

 Network Neighborhood – double-click this icon to see available

resources on the network, If your computer is or can be
connected to one.

 Recycle Bin – this is a temporary storage place for deleted files.

Files temporarily stored in this area that can be retrieved and
used again.

 Start Button – when clicking the Start Button on the taskbar to start
a program, open a document, change system settings, get
Help, and find items on the computer and more.

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Mouse Operations – a mouse or other pointing device works on the principle
that first the user must place the mouse pointer on
(point to) something on the screen, and then click the
mouse button to perform an action on that item.

NOTE: Windows documentation assumes that the user has a mouse and is
right-handed. If the user is –left-handed, the user can switch left and right
mouse buttons. For information, look up “switching mouse buttons” in the help
index. Also, if the uses a pen device, a mouse “click” corresponds to a pen
“tap”.

As one moves the mouse on a flat surface, the pointer simultaneously

moves on the screen. If the user runs out of room, pick up the mouse and place it
in another spot.

 Point – moving the mouse until the mouse pointer rest on

the item or area the user wants to point.

 Click – press and release the left mouse button once.

 Double-click – quickly press and release the left mouse

button twice. Click with the right mouse button: Press and
release the right mouse button once. A shortcut menu
appears.

 Drag – to an item to another location, first point to it. Press

and hold down left or right mouse button, and point/drag to
where the user wants the object, and then release the mouse
button. Dragging can also be used to select text or other
information in a window.
SHORTCUT COMMANDS
Files
Blacken single text going
Ctrl O To open a file Shift 
to the right
Blacken single text going
Ctrl N New document Shift 
to the left
Blacken per line of
Ctrl S Save a file Shift 
sentence upward
Undo/recover previous Blacken per line of
Ctrl Z Shift 
action sentence downward
Ctrl F4 Close a file Ctrl C Copy
Ctrl P Print Ctrl V Paste
Editing Ctrl X Erase/Delete
Move/jump the cursor
Ctrl  per word going to the Ctrl B Bold
right
Move/jump the cursor
Ctrl  per word going to the Ctrl I Italic
left
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 Move the cursor
upward (same with up
Ctrl  Ctrl U Underline
arrow)

Move the cursor

Ctrl  downward (same with Ctrl E Centering
down arrow)
Ctrl A Blacken all text Ctrl J Justify
Blacken single word
Ctrl Shift  Ctrl Shift + Superscript
going to the right
Blacken single word
Ctrl Shift  Ctrl = Subscript
going to the left
Blacken per line of
Ctrl Shift  Ctrl Q Left Alignment
sentence upward
Blacken per line of
Ctrl Shift  Ctrl R Right Alignment
sentence downward

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 TASK SHEET 1
IDENTIFY THE PARTS OF THE MS WORD WINDOW

1. Click the Start button at the left end (or top) of the Microsoft Windows
task bar, which is typically located along the bottom of the screen. (You
may also find it at the top or along one of the sides of the screen.) The
Start menu appears.

2. On the Start menu point to “All programs”. The “All Programs”

submenu appears.

YOLLY

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3. If after clicking “Programs” or “All Programs” this
is not in the pop-out menu, select . Another pop-
out menu will appear. Select .

Tip
Rather than clicking the Start button, pointing to All Programs, and clicking the
program that you want to use, you can save time by creating a desktop
shortcut. You simply double-click a shortcut icon to start its associated
program. To create a desktop shortcut to Word, click the Start button, point to
All Programs, point to Microsoft Word, and hold down the Ctrl key while you
drag the Microsoft Word icon to the desktop. Double-click the Word shortcut
icon to open Word.
3. Look at the Information Sheet 2 titled Familiarization with the MS Word
Window and locate on the screen the different parts of the MS Word
Window as indicated on the Information Sheet 1.

4. Now, without looking at the Information Sheet 1, identify the parts of the
MS Word window one by one.

5. Read the function of the different parts indicated on the Information

Sheet 3 entitled Functions of the MS Word Window Parts.

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6. Set aside the Information Sheet 2. As you point to the window part, recall
the function of the said part.

7. To close the Word window and go back to the Desktop screen, click the
Close control button.

8. Another way of closing the Word window is by clicking File from the menu
bar then, select Exit from the file pull-down menu.

9. Do Progress Check for Task Sheet 1.

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 Progress Check A – Task Sheet 1
Instruction: Identify the MS word window part corresponding to the number
indicated by the arrows by writing the correct answer on the numbered blank
spaces provided below.
1

2
4 3

6
7
8
9
13
10

11
12

15 16
14

1. _______________ 7. _______________ 13. ______________

2. _______________ 8. _______________ 14. ______________
3. _______________ 9. _______________ 15. ______________
4. _______________ 10. ______________ 16. ______________
5. _______________ 11. ______________
6. _______________ 12. ______________

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 Progress Check B – Task Sheet 1
Instruction: Match the terms to its correct description. Write the letters of the
correct answer on the blank before each number.

_______1. Formatting toolbar a. An on-screen scale marked with inches or other

units of measure, which changes the indentation
of paragraphs, resets a page margin and adjusts
the width of columns; serves as guide in margin
and tab settings
_______2. Standard toolbar b. area on the screen where user may input text and
graphics
_______3. Menu bar c. shows details about the status of the active
document such as its number of pages, section,
lines and column where the blinking point is
located.
_______4. Title bar d. contains the icons that may be used to draw
shapes, create text boxes and word art
_______5. Ruler bar e. used to set indentation of text
_______6. Status bar f. If one clicks this button, an application or a
window will be reduced.
_______7. Task bar g. allows the user to navigate the document left to
right or vice versa, located at the lower portion of
the window, just above the status bar.
_______8. Viewing buttons h. A toolbar that provides quick access to the
formatting functions that you use frequently like
font settings, alignments, bullet symbols, border,
etc.
_______9. Indentation marks i. a list of commands, or actions that can be carried
out with windows. Most applications have a File
menu, an Edit menu, and a Help menu.
_______10. Document area j. quick access to the editing functions, for example,
the button that you use to save a document
contains an icon of a floppy disk.
_______11. Drawing toolbar k. allows the user to navigate the document upward
or downward, located at the right side of the
window.
_______12. Close/Exit button l. allows the user to view the document in different
ways
_______13. Vertical scroll bar m. located at the upper-right corner of the window. If
the user clicks this button, the window will occupy
all the space on the screen.
_______14. Horizontal scroll n. shows the title of the application or document the
bar user is working on.
_______15. Minimize button o. shows what programs or documents are open
_______16. Maximize/Restore p. exit/close button of the active Word file.
button

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 INFORMATION SHEET 2
Familiarization with MS Word Window

Close/exit button

Maximize/restore button

Title bar Minimize button

Vertical scroll bar

Insertion
point Menu bar
Standard tool bar
Formatting toolbar
bar

Ruler bar

Indentation marks Document Area

Viewing buttons
Horizontal scroll bar

Drawing toolbar

Status bar
Task bar

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 INFORMATION SHEET 3

Functions of the MS Word Window Parts

1. Title bar –shows the title of the application or document the user is
working on. If more than one window is open, the title bar for the
active widow has different color intensity compared to other title
bars, which are inactive.

Active window – window in the foreground

Inactive window – window in the background

2. Menu bar – A menu contains a list of commands, or actions that can be

carried out with windows. Most applications have a File menu, an
Edit menu, and a Help menu. The menu bar is located just below
the title bar.

3. Standard toolbar – A toolbar that provides quick access to the editing

functions you use frequently. For example, on the Standard
toolbar, the button that you use to save a document contains an
icon of a floppy disk. The Standard toolbar is located just below
the menu bar.

4. Formatting toolbar – A toolbar that provides quick access to the

formatting functions that you use frequently. The names of
buttons are displayed in screen tips when you position the mouse
pointer over the button including font settings, alignments, bullet
symbols, border, etc.

5. Ruler bar – An on-screen scale marked with inches or other units of

measure, which changes the indentation of paragraphs, resets a
page margin (an area of blank space between the edge of the
paper and the text), and adjusts the width of columns. The ruler
is located below the toolbars.

6. Indentation marks – used to set indentation of text

7. Status bar – shows details about the status of the active document such
as its number of pages, section, lines and column where the
blinking point is located.

8. Task bar – shows what programs or documents are open

9. Document area – area on the screen where user may input text and
graphics

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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10. Drawing toolbar – contains the icons that may be used to draw shapes,
create text boxes and word art
11. Viewing buttons – allows the user to view the document in different
ways

12. Horizontal scroll bar – allows the user to navigate the document left to
right or vice versa, located at the lower portion of the window, just
above the status bar.

13. Vertical scroll bar – allows the user to navigate the document upward
or downward, located at the right side of the window.

14. Minimize button – located at the upper-right corner of the window. If one clicks
the minimize button, an application or a window will be reduced. If the
user assigns an icon to an application, it is still running and available
but takes up less space as an application icon.

15. Maximize/Restore button – located at the upper-right corner of the window. If

the user clicks the maximize button, the window will occupy all the
space on the screen.

16. Close/Exit button – exit/close button of the active Word file.

17. Insertion point – A blinking vertical line in the document window that
indicates where the next character (any single letter, number,
space, tab, page break, paragraph mark, or symbol that can be
entered in a document) typed from the keyboard will appear.

18. ScreenTip - A help item that shows the name of a button or screen
element when you rest the mouse pointer on a toolbar button or
screen element.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 TASK SHEET 2
CREATE, SAVE, CLOSE AND RETRIEVE A DOCUMENT

Steps:

1. Open the word processing software, MS Word 2003.

2. Notice that as soon as you open the word processor, a page for a new
document automatically opens. This file is named as Document 1.

3. You may close the blank Document 1 by clicking the “Close Window”
button.

4. To start a new document, click File from the menu bar then, select New.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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5. When the “New Document” dialogue box opens, click the Blank Document
icon.

6. Another way of opening a new document is by clicking the “New Blank

Document” icon on the standard toolbar. Immediately a new document
area is placed on your monitor screen.

7. To start keying in, please see attached Exercise 1 entitled Word

Processing Guidelines.

8. Key in the title and the first paragraph.

9. Save the file by clicking File from the menu bar then, select Save As from
the pull-down menu since you are saving the document for the first time.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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10. When the Save As dialogue window appears, click the Save In box arrow,
then select “Desktop” or “3 ½ Floppy (A)”.

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Next, click the “Create New Folder” icon. New Folder dialogue box will
appear. Key in your full name on the Name menu box then, click OK button.
Your name will appear on the Save In menu box.

11. Delete the characters in the File name menu box, then type Word
Processing Guidelines as the filename, then click the Save button.

12. Close the document window.

13. To retrieve the saved document, click File from the menu bar, select Open
from the File pull-down menu.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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14. From the Open dialogue box, click the Look In: drop-down arrow then
select Desktop or 3 ½ Floppy (A) depending on where you saved the file.

15. From the list, click your folder then click Open button. Click file Word
Processing Guidelines. Click the Open button and the saved document is
placed on your screen.

16. Another way of opening a saved document is double clicking the filename
from the list of files.

17. Instead of clicking File from the menu bar, another way of opening a
document is by clicking the Open icon from the Standard toolbar.

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18. To close the document, click File from the menu bar, then select Close
from the File pull-down menu.

19. To close both the document and the word processing window, click File
from the menu bar then select Exit from the File pull-down menu.

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20. If you are ending the session, you may also shut down your computer by
clicking the Start button on the Taskbar, then select Turn Off Computer
button.

21. When the Turn off computer window appears, click the Turn Off button.
Computer will shutdown automatically.

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22. Do Progress check for Task Sheet 2.

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 EXERCISE 1
WORD PROCESSING GUIDELINES

There are few things more frustrating than spending a considerable amount of time preparing a document
only to inadvertently lose it. Occurrences such as this can be avoided if you follow some basic word
processing guidelines. Following is a suggested set of guidelines:

1. Plan your creative work. Before you begin, outline the content structure of your document as best as
you can.
2. Visualize the way finished document will appear. While it is true that with word processing you can
change the appearance of the finished document with little difficulty, more often than not there is a
strong relationship between the final appearance of a document and its content. For example, if you
know you want to create a brief one-page memo, you might need to be selective with your words.
3. Save your document frequently. It makes a great sense to save your document during active creation
every 10 to 15 minutes or so. Frequently saving your document minimizes the amount of work that
would be needed to recreate the document if some untoward event such as a power failure were to
occur.
4. Make multiple copies of your work. Disks containing your documents can easily become lost or
damaged. It is good practice to save multiple copies of every document at the end of every session.
5. Use the spelling and grammar checking features. There is rarely a good excuse for misspelled word in a
word processed document. Reader of word processed documents containing spelling errors can not help
but think that the creator of the document did not care enough about his o her work to take the time to
spell check it. You may use these features at the conclusion of the editing stage but be sure to always
use them, especially prior to sharing your document with others.
6. Print samples of previously untried formatting styles. Don’t get too far into formatting a long document
if you are trying a new formatting style. Print a small sample of the document with the format applied
to see if it works. Otherwise you risk having to reformat the entire document.
7. Don’t rely upon unfamiliar painters. Word processing programs and printer need to be configured to
work together. The large number of word processing program and printers that are available make it
impossible for every program/printer combination to work together without some addition effort. It is
extremely unwise to assume that any printer will be able to print your document. If it is important that
your document be printed at a certain time be sure a printer that you have experience with unavailable.
8. Always proofread your document. While word processing programs offer helpful assistance in editing
and formatting your document, it is still the final printed document that counts. Print the document and
read it carefully to be sure that it is indeed the document you want.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 Progress Check (Task Sheet 2):

Instruction: Fill the blanks with letter corresponding to the correct word or words
that will complete the following sentences. Select the letters from the box drawn
below.

1. To start a new document, click _____________ from the menu bar then,
select New.
2. Another way of starting a new document is by clicking the __________
from the standard toolbar.
3. To save a new document, click File from the menu bar then, select
________ from the File pull-down menu.
4. To specify where to save the new document, click the arrow of the Save
In ____________ list.
5. To specify the filename to be used to save the new document, type the
desired filename in the ______________ box.
6. To close the saved the document, click the Close or ___________ of the
document window.
7. To retrieve a saved document, click the ____________ icon from the
Standard toolbar.
8. To close the retrieved document, you may click File from the menu bar
then, select ________________ from the File pull-down menu.
9. Clicking the Minimize button of the Word window will reduce it as a
button on the _______________.
10. To close both the document and the word window, click File from the
menu bar then, select _______________ from the File pull-down menu.

A. Exit G. Exit button

B. Open H. Drop-down
C. File I. File name
D. Close J. Save as
E. Task bar K. Status bar
F. New icon

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 TASK SHEET 3
EDIT, FORMAT AND SAVE CHANGES IN A DOCUMENT

Steps:

1. Open the MS Word 2003 Program.

2. Retrieve the document Word Processing Guidelines saved in your folder in

the Desktop.

3. This time you will continue to encode and edit the document. But before
encoding the rest of the document, you will set the page layout.

4. First be sure that the I-beam is positioned at the beginning of the

document.

5. Click File from the menu bar. Next, select Page Setup from the File pull-
down menu.

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6. Once the Page Setup dialogue box opens, click the Margins tab, then
change the margin settings as follows:

Top : 1”
Bottom : 1”
Left : 1”
Right : 1”

7. To set the top margin, click Top margin box, if the number in the box is
different, delete the number in the box and type 1 as the new Top margin.
Do the same for the rest of the margins following the given settings above.
For the Gutter and gutter position just leave them as is.

8. Click Portrait to set document in a vertical orientation. Click the Apply to

drop down arrow then, select the Whole document option from the drop-
down list.

9. After finishing the settings for the margins, click the Paper tab.

10. Click the Paper size drop-down arrow. Select A4 from the drop down
menu. Click OK.

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11. Position I-beam after the colon at the end of the first paragraph. Press
Enter key twice.

12. Key in the rest of the document. In keying in paragraphs, press Tab key
after the period of each number. Do not to press the Enter key at the end
of each line within the paragraph. The words will automatically adjust to
the next line.

13. Press Enter key twice to begin with the next paragraph.

14. You will notice that as you begin with your third paragraph, numbering
automatically appears and there are already two spaces in between the
second and third paragraph. Next time you only need to press Enter key
once. Continue until you have keyed in the rest of the document.

15. Your product may be different from how the original document looks. You
need not worry because after you finish this Task Sheet, your document
will be the same as that of the original if you will just follow the rest of the
steps.

16. To center the title on the page, position the I-beam anywhere on the title or
select by highlighting it. To highlight the text, position the I-beam before
the first character, press the left button on your mouse with your pointer
finger while you drag the mouse across the line to the last character to be
highlighted.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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17. Next, click the Center icon to center the title on the page.

18. To format the title, select the title, set the font size by clicking on the Font
size box then, select 14 from the drop-down list.

19. To set the font style to Bold, click the Bold (B) icon from the Formatting
toolbar.

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The title will appear as follows:

20. Select the rest of the document. Position I-beam before the first word of
the first paragraph (“There”). Press the left button of the mouse then drag
down to highlight the whole document. Release button. Set Font size to
12.

21. Use Justify alignment for the whole document. Click Justify icon from the
Formatting toolbar.

22. Select the first sentence of the first paragraph. Click Italic (I) icon. Do this
for all the first sentence of all the paragraphs.

23. To fit all the text in just one page, change the Font style to Arial Narrow.
Click the Font arrow down then select Arial Narrow.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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The document will now appear like this:

Save the changes made on the document by clicking the Save icon from the
Standard toolbar.

24. Close the document.

25. Do Progress Check 3.

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 Progress Check (Task Sheet 3):
Instruction: Match Column A with Column B. Write only the letter of the
description on the blank space before the numbered icon.

A B

_______1. A. Bold font style

_______2. B. Close the document

_______3. C. Restore the document

_______4. D. New document

_______5. E. Save the document

_______6. F. Justify the text

_______7. G. Font Type/Style

_______8. H. Open a document

_______9. I. Font size

_______10. J. Italics

K. Minimize the window

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 TASK SHEET 4
PROOFREAD, PRINT PREVIEW AND PRINT A DOCUMENT

Steps:

1. Retrieve the document Word Processing Guidelines.

2. Proofread the document using the grammar and spelling checker tools for
text areas where there are red or green wavy line marks. Red marks may
mean wrong spelling, while green marks may mean error in grammar
including extra spaces and error in punctuation marks.

3. To remove the colored marks, position the I-beam on the area where there
is a green or red mark then, right click the mouse.

4. A shortcut menu appears, select the correct suggestion.

5. Save the corrections made on the document.

6. To see the preview of the document prior to printing, click the Print
Preview icon on the Standard toolbar or click File on the menu bar then,
select Print Preview.

7. Provided printer is already installed (ask assistance from trainer), make

sure that it is supplied with paper and is turned on.
8. View the document before printing.

9. If the document is ready for printing click File then, select Print.
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10. In the Print window be sure that the correct printer is selected in the Name
box. If not, click the Name arrow down and select printer.

11. Specify the pages to be printed. If you intend to print all pages click All
radio button. Click Pages radio button if you want to print specific page or
pages only. Key in the pages on the pages box

12. Set number of copies. In the Number of copies box click arrow up or
down to increase or decrease number in the box or delete number in the
box and key in desired number. Click OK.

13. See your printed output. If you are satisfied with it sign it at the bottom with
your name and submit to trainer.

14. Do Progress Check 4.

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 Progress Check (Task Sheet 4):
Instruction: Select and encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. To retrieve a saved document, click Open on the

a. Edit menu b. Tools menu c. View menu d. File menu

2. To close the document and the MS Word Window, click File on the menu bar
then, select

a. Close b. Save as c. Exit d. Save

3. To see the appearance of the page prior to printing, click

a. Print icon b. Look in box c. Print preview icon

4. Red wavy line under a word means

a. incorrect spelling b. wrong grammar c. there is no such word

5. To correct an error in spelling, position the I-beam within the word then,
___________ the mouse.

a. click b. double click c. drag d. right click

6. To print two copies of a document, click _____________ and key in “2”.

a. All radio button b. Pages radio button c. Number of copies box

7. If you want to print only pages 1, 3, 4, 5, 10, 24, 25 and 26, which of the following
should you key in the Pages box?

a. 1-26 b. 1-3,4,5-10, 24-26 c. 1, 3-5, 10, 24-26

8. Print icon can be found in the _____________.

a. Menu bar b. Formatting toolbar d. Standard toolbar

9. To save the changes made on the document, click the Save icon on the

a. Standard toolbar b. Menu bar c. Status bar d. Task bar

10. To shutdown the system, click the Start button on the

a. Standard toolbar b. Task bar c. Menu bar d. Title bar

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 TASK SHEET 5
IDENTIFY THE PARTS OF MICROSOFT EXCEL
Steps:
1. On the Windows taskbar, click the Start button, point to All Programs, and
click Microsoft Excel.

Excel opens with Book 1 ready for you to use.

2. In the New section of the New Workbook task pane, click Blank Workbook.

Excel creates a workbook called Book 2 and the task pane disappears.

3. On the File menu click Close. Excel closes Book 2 and Book 1 reappears.
Keep this file open for the next exercise.

4. Look at the Information Sheet 4 titled Familiarization with the Window

Elements in Excel and locate on the screen the different parts of the MS
Excel Window as indicated.

5. Now, without looking at the Information Sheet 2, identify the parts of the
MS Word window one by one.

6. Read the function of the different parts indicated on the Information

Sheet 5 entitled Functions of the MS Excel Window Parts.

7. Set aside the Information Sheet 2. As you point to the window part, recall
the function of the said part.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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8. To close the Excel window and go back to the Desktop screen, click the
Close control button.

9. Another way of closing the Word window is by clicking File from the menu
bar then, select Exit from the file pull-down menu.

10. Do Progress Check for Task Sheet 5.

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 INFORMATION SHEET 4
Familiarization with the Window Elements in Excel

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 INFORMATION SHEET 5

Functions of the MS Excel Window Parts

ELEMENT DESCRIPTION
Title bar Identifies the current program and the name of the
current workbook.
Menu bar Lists the names of the menus in Excel.
Toolbars Give you quick access to functions that you use
frequently, such as formatting, aligning, and totaling cell
entries. The Standard and Formatting toolbars appear by
default.
Name box Displays the address of the active cell.
Formula bar Displays the contents of the active cell.
Task pane Lets you open files, paste data from the Clipboard, create
blank workbooks, and create Excel workbooks based on
existing files.
Ask a Question box Displays the help topics that match your request, when
you type a question in the box.
Status bar Displays information about a selected command. It also
indicates the status (on or off) of the Caps Lock and Num
Lock keys.
Scrollbars Include a vertical and a horizontal scroll bar and four
scroll arrows, each of which is used to display different
areas of the worksheet.
Select All button Selects every cell in a worksheet.
Sheet Tabs Let you display worksheets in the open workbook.
Worksheet A grid of vertical columns (identified by alphabetic
characters) and horizontal rows (identified by numeric
digits). Columns and rows intersect to form cells. Each
cell can be identified by a full-cell reference, or address,
consisting of the column and row coordinates of that
cell—for example, B3.
Active cell The cell, designated by a thick border, which will be
affected when you type or edit data.
Minimize button Minimizes the window to a button on the taskbar.
Maximize/Restore Toggles (switches back and forth) between maximizing a
Down button window and restoring a window to its previous size.
Close button Closes the window on which the button appears.
Screen Tip A small pop-up box that displays the name of an object or
toolbar button if you point to it with the mouse pointer.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 Progress Check (Task Sheet 5):

4
6

3
1
2

1. _______________ 5. _______________
2. _______________ 6. _______________
3. _______________ 7. _______________
4. _______________

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 INFORMATION SHEET 6

A spreadsheet is the computer equivalent of a paper ledger sheet. It

consists of a grid made from columns and rows. It is an environment that can
make number manipulation easy and somewhat painless.

The math that goes on behind the scenes on the paper ledger can be
overwhelming. If you change the loan amount, you will have to start the math all
over again (from scratch). But let’s take a closer look at the computer version.

The nice thing about using a computer and spreadsheet is that you can
experiment with numbers without having to RE-DO all the calculations. Let’s
change the interest rate and then the number of months. Let the COMPUTER do
the calculations! Once we have the formulas set up, we can change the
variables that are called from the formula and watch the changes.

Change the Interest Rate Change the Number of Months

Do that on paper and you better get your calculator back out and get an
Eraser and hope you punched all the right keys and in the right order.
Spreadsheets are instantly updated if one of the entries is changed.
NO erasers! NO new formulas! NO calculators!

Spreadsheets can be very valuable tools in business. They are often used
to play out a series of what-if scenarios! (much like our car purchase here.)

So let's get started digging into what makes a spreadsheet work.

Spreadsheets are made up of

 columns
 rows
 and their intersections are called cells
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In each cell there may be the following types of data

 text (labels)
 number data (constants)
 formulas (mathematical equations that do all the work)

Take a look at the explanations of each of these. Remember there will be a short
quiz later on so if there is something you need to take notes on,

TAKE NOTES ON IT!

In a spreadsheet the COLUMN is defined as the vertical space that is

going up and down the window. Letters are used to designate each COLUMN'S
location.

In the above diagram the COLUMN labeled C is highlighted.

In a spreadsheet the ROW is defined as the horizontal space that is going across
the window. Numbers are used to designate each ROW'S location.

In the above diagram the ROW labeled 4 is highlighted.

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In a spreadsheet the CELL is defined as the space where a specified row and
column intersect. Each CELL is assigned a name according to its COLUMN
letter and ROW number.

In the above diagram the CELL labeled B6 is highlighted. When referencing a

cell, you should put the column first and the row second.

In a spreadsheet there are three basic types of

data that can be entered.

 labels - (text with no numerical value)

 constants - (just a number -- constant
value)

formulas* - (a mathematical equation
used to calculate)

data types examples descriptions

LABEL Name or Wage or Days anything that is just text
CONSTANT 5 or 3.75 or -7.4 any number
FORMULA =5+3 or = 8*5+3 math equation

*ALL formulas MUST begin with an equal sign (=).

Labels are text entries. They do

not have a value associated with
them. We typically use labels to
identify what we are talking
about.

In our first example: the labels were

 computer ledger
 car loan
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  interest
 # of payments
 Monthly Pmt.

Again, we use labels to help identify what we are talking about. The labels are
NOT for the computer but rather for US so we can clarify what we are doing.

Constants are entries that have a specific fixed value. If someone asks you how
old you are, you would answer with a specific answer. Sure, other people will
have different answers, but it is a fixed value for each person.

In our first example: the constants were

 $12,000
 9.6%
 60

As you can see from these examples there may be different types of
numbers. Sometimes constants are referring to dollars, sometimes referring to
percentages, and other times referring to a number of items (in this case 60
months).These are typed into the computer with just the numbers and are
changed to display their type of number by formatting (we will talk about this
later). Again, we use constants to enter FIXED number data.

Formulas are entries that have an equation that calculates the value to
display. We DO NOT type in the numbers we are looking for; we type in the
equation. This equation will be updated upon the change or entry of any data that
is referenced in the equation.

In our first example, the solution was $252.61

This was NOT typed into the keyboard. The formula that was typed into
the spreadsheet was:

=PMT(C4/12,C5,-C3)

C4 (annual interest rate) was divided by 12 because there are 12 months

in a year. Dividing by 12 will give us the interest rate for the payment period - in
this case a payment period of one month.

It is also important to type in the reference to the constants instead of the

constants. Had I entered =PMT(.096/12,60,-12000) my formula would only work
for that particular set of data. I could change the months above and the payment
would not change. Remember to enter the cell where the data is stored and NOT
the data itself.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 Formulas are mathematical equations. There is a list of the functions
available within Excel under the menu INSERT down to Function.

Formulas OR Functions MUST BEGIN with an equal sign (=).

Again, we use formulas to CALCULATE a value to be displayed.

When we are entering formulas into a spreadsheet we want to make as many

references as possible to existing data. If we can reference that information we
don't have to type it in again. AND more importantly if that OTHER information
changes, we DO-NOT have to change the equations.

If you work for 23 hours and make $5.36 an hour, how much do you make? We
can set up this situation using

three labels
two constants
one equation
Let's look at this equation in B4:
= B1 * B2 or
= 23 * 5.36

Both of these equations will produce the same answers, but one is much more
useful than the other.

DO YOU KNOW which is BEST and WHY?

It is BEST if we can Reference as much data as possible as opposed to typing

data into equations.

In our last example, things were pretty straightforward. We had number of

hours worked multiplied by wage per hour and we got our total pay. Once you
have a working spreadsheet you can save your work and use it at a later time. If
we referenced the actual cells (instead of typing the data into the equation) we
could update the entire spreadsheet by just typing in the NEW Hours worked.
And -- you're done!

Let's look at the new spreadsheet:

 hours have been changed to 34
 wage is the same
 total pay would now be = 34 * 5.36
 but would still be = B1 * B2

If we had typed in ( = 23 * 5.36 ) the first time and just changed the hours worked,
our equation in B4 would still be ( = 23 * 5.36 )

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INSTEAD we typed in references to the data that we wanted to use in the
equation.

We typed in ( = B1 * B2 ). These are the locations of the data that we want to use
in our equation.

Spreadsheets have many Math functions built into them. Of the most basic
operations are the standard multiply, divide, add and subtract. These operations
follow the order of operations (just like algebra). Let's look at some examples.

For these following examples let's consider the following data:

 A1 (column A, row 1)
=5
 A2 (column A, row 2)
=7
 A3 (column A, row 3) A B
=8 1 5 3
 B1 (column B, row 1)
=3 2 7 4
 B2 (column B, row 2) 3 8 6
=4
 B3 (column B, row 3)
=6

Constant Referenced
Operation Symbol Answer
Data Data
Multiplication * =5*6 = A1 * B3 30
Division / =8/4 = A3 / B2 2
Addition + =4+7 = B2 + A2 11
Subtraction - =8-3 = A3 - B1 5

Selecting cells in an equation is a very important concept of a

spreadsheet. We need to know how to reference the data in other parts of the
spreadsheet. When entering your selection you may use the keyboard or the
mouse.

We can select several cells together if we can specify a starting cell and a
stopping cell. This will select ALL the cells within this specified BLOCK of cells.

If the cells that we want to work with are not together (non-contiguous
cells) we can use the comma to separate the cells or by holding down the control-
key (command key on a MAC) and selecting cells or blocks of cells the comma
will be inserted automatically to separate these chunks of data.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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For the following examples let's consider the table below:

 A1 (column A, row 1) = 5
 A2 (column A, row 2) = 7 A B
 A3 (column A, row 3) = 8 1 5 3
 B1 (column B, row 1) = 3
 B2 (column B, row 2) = 4 2 7 4
 B3 (column B, row 3) = 6 3 8 6

This is just a discussion of selection methods. If we wanted to add the cells in the
(To Select) you would type in
=sum(Type In)
or
=sum(Click On)

To Select Type In Click On

 click on A1
A1 A1

 click on A1
 with button down
A1, A2, A3 A1:A3
 drag to A3

 click on A1
 with button down
A1, B1 A1:B1
 drag to B1

 click on A1
 type in comma
(or hold down the control key on a PC)
A1, B3 A1, B3
(or hold down the command key on a MAC)
 click on B3

 click on A1
A1, A2, B1,  with button down
A1:B2
B2  drag to B2

Probably the most popular function in any spreadsheet is the SUM function. The
Sum function takes all of the values in each of the specified cells and totals their
values. The syntax is:

=SUM(first value, second value, etc)

In the first and second spots you can enter any of the following (constant, cell,
range of cells).

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Blank cells will return a value of zero to be added to the total.
Text cells can not be added to a number and will produce an error.

Let's use the table here for the discussion that A

follows: 1 25
2 50
We will look at several different specific examples
that show how the typical function can be used! 3 75
Notice that in A4 there is a TEXT entry. This has NO 4 test
numeric value and can not be included in a total. 5

Example Cells to ADD Answer

=sum(A1:A3) A1, A2, A3 150
=sum(A1:A3, 100) A1, A2, A3 and 100 250
=sum(A1+A4) A1, A4 #VALUE!
=sum(A1:A2, A5) A1, A2, A5 75
There are many functions built into many spreadsheets. One of the first ones that
we are going to discuss is the Average function. The average function finds the
average of the specified data. (Simplifies adding all of the indicated cells together
and dividing by the total number of cells.) The syntax is as follows.

=Average (first value, second value, etc.)

Text fields and blank entries are not included in the calculations of the Average
Function.

A
1 25
Let's use the table here for the discussion that follows: 2 50
We will look at several different specific examples that
show how the average function can be used! 3 75
4 100
5

Example Cells to average Answer

=average (A1:A4) A1, A2, A3, A4 62.5
=average (A1:A4,
A1, A2, A3, A4 and 300 110
300)
=average (A1:A5) A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 62.5
=average (A1:A2,
A1, A2, A4 58.33
A4)

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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The next function we will discuss is Max (which stand for Maximum). This will
return the largest (max) value in the selected range of cells.

 Blank entries are not included in the calculations of the Max Function.
 Text entries are not included in the calculations of the Max Function.

A
1 10
Let's use the table here for the discussion that follows. 2 20
We will look at several different specific examples that
show how the Max functions can be used! 3 30
4 test
5

Example of Max Cells to look at Ans. Max

=max (A1:A4) A1, A2, A3, A4 30
=max (A1:A4,
A1, A2, A3, A4 and 100 100
100)
=max (A1, A3) A1, A3 30
=max (A1, A5) A1, A5 10

The next function we will discuss is Min (which stands for minimum). This
will return the smallest (Min) value in the selected range of cells.

Blank entries are not included in the calculations of the Min Function. Text
entries are not included in the calculations of the Min Function.

A
1 10
Let's use the table here for the discussion that follows. 2 20
We will look at several different specific examples that
show how the min functions can be used! 3 30
4 test
5

Example of min Cells to look at Ans. min

=min (A1:A4) A1, A2, A3, A4 10
=min (A2:A3, 100) A2, A3 and 100 20
=min (A1, A3) A1, A3 10
A1, A5 (displays the smallest
=min (A1, A5) 10
number)

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 The next function we will discuss is Count. This will return the number of
entries (actually counts each cell that contains number data) in the selected
range of cells.

 Blank entries are not counted.

 Text entries are NOT counted.

A
1 10
Let's use the table here for the discussion that follows. 2 20
We will look at several different specific examples that
show how the Count functions can be used! 3 30
4 test
5

Example of Count Cells to look at Answer

=Count (A1:A3) A1, A2, A3 3
=Count (A1:A3,
A1, A2, A3 and 100 4
100)
=Count (A1, A3) A1, A3 2
=Count (A1, A4) A1, A4 1
=Count (A1, A5) A1, A5 1

The next function we will discuss is CountA. This will return the number of
entries (actually counts each cell that contains number data OR text data) in the
selected range of cells.
Blank entries are not Counted. Text entries ARE Counted.

A
1 10
Let's use the table here for the discussion that follows. 2 20
We will look at several different specific examples that
show how the CountA functions can be used! 3 30
4 test
5

Example of
Cells to look at Answer
CountA
=CountA (A1:A3) A1, A2, A3 3
=CountA (A1:A3,
A1, A2, A3 and 100 4
100)
=CountA (A1, A3) A1, A3 2
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 =CountA (A1, A4) A1, A4 2
=CountA (A1, A5) A1, A5 1

The next function we will discuss is IF. The IF function will check the
logical condition of a statement and return one value if true and a different value if
false. The syntax is

=IF (condition, value-if-true, value-if-false)

value returned may be either a number or text
if value returned is text, it must be in quotes

A B
1 Price Over a dollar?
Let's use the table here for the 2 $.95 No
discussion that follows. We
3 $1.37 Yes
will look at several different
specific examples that show comparing
4 returning #
how the IF functions can be #
used! 0.08
5 14000
</TD< tr>
6 8453 0.05

Example of IF
Compares Answer
typed into column B
=IF (A2>1,"Yes","No") is ( .95 > 1) No
=IF (A3>1, "Yes", "No") is (1.37 > 1) Yes
=IF (A5>10000, .08, .05) is (14000 > 10000) .08
=IF (A6>10000, .08, .05) is (8453 > 10000) .05

The PMT function returns the periodic (in this case monthly) payment for
an annuity (in this case a loan). This is the PMT function that was used for the car
purchase in the first example. There are a few things that we must know in order
for this function to work. To calculate the loan we must know a combination of the
following

 (rate) interest rate per period

 (NPER) number of payments until repaid
 (PV) present value of the loan (amount we are borrowing)
 (FV) future value of the money (for saving or investing)
 (type) enter 0 or 1 to indicate when payments are due.

=PMT(rate, NPER, PV, FV, type)

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 equation goes into c7 =PMT(C4/12,C5,-C3)

C4 is the yearly interest and since it's compounded

monthly we divide by 12

C5 is the number of months (# of payments)

-C3 is the amount of money we have (borrow -

negative)

Note that the rate is per period. If we have an annual interest rate of 9.6% and we
are calculating monthly payments, we must divide the annual interest rate by 12
to calculate the monthly interest rate.

Excel has most of the math and trig functions built into it. If you need to
use the SIN, COS, TAN functions, they can be typed into any cell. If you wanted
to find:

angle sin cos tan

REF =sin(REF) =cos(REF) =tan(REF)
0 0.00 1.00 0.00
30 0.50 0.87 0.58
45 0.71 0.71 1.00
90 1.00 0.00
180 0.00 -1.00 0.00

format for degrees formula = sin (angle * pi()/180) the argument angle is in
degrees

format for radians formula = sin (angle) the argument angle is in radians

To calculate trig functions in degrees you must convert them - otherwise

excel will calculate them in radians.

You can type in either an actual number for the REF or you can also type
in a reference from the excel spreadsheet (like A2).

In Excel there is a help tool for functions called the Function Wizard.

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 There are two ways to get the function wizard. If you look at the Standard
Toolbar, the function wizard icon looks like the icon on the right.

The other way to get to the function wizard is to go to the Menu INSERT --
down to FUNCTION.

Either way you get there, at this point Excel will list all of the functions
available. Upon choosing the function, Excel will prompt you for the information it
needs to complete the function. Mini descriptions are available for each of the
cells. It is often necessary for you to understand the functions in order to be able
to figure out these descriptions.

Yeah, I know it would have been nice to know this earlier, but it is
important for you to understand how the functions work before you start using the
Function Wizard. It is faster to type the basic function in from the keyboard as
opposed to going through the steps of this tool.

Well, that is all of the functions we are going to cover.

On to the next phase.

Sometimes when we enter a formula, we need to repeat the same formula

for many different cells. In the spreadsheet we can use the copy and paste
command. The cell locations in the formula are pasted relative to the position we
Copy them from.

A B C
Cells information is copied from its relative position. In other words
1 5 3 =A1+B1 in the original cell (C1) the equation was (A1+B1). When we paste
2 8 2 =A2+B2 the function it will look to the two cells to the left. So the equation
3 4 6 =A3+B3 pasted into (C2) would be (A2+B2). And the equation pasted into
(C3) would be (A3+B3).
4 3 8 =? + ?

If you have a lot of duplicate formulas you can also perform what is referred to as
a FILL DOWN. (discussed next).

Often we have several cells that need the same formula (in relationship) to the
location it is to be typed into. There is a short cut that is called Fill Down. There
are a number of ways to perform this operation. One of the ways is to

1. select the cell that has the original formula

2. hold the shift key down and click on the last cell (in the series that needs
the formula)
3. under the edit menu go down to fill and over to down

A B C Cells information is copied from its relative position. In other words

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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1 5 3 =A1+B1 in the original cell (C1) the equation was (A1+B1). When we paste
the function it will look to the two cells to the left. So the equation
2 8 2 fill down pasted into (C2) would be (A2+B2). And the equation pasted into
3 4 6 fill down (C3) would be (A3+B3). And the equation pasted into (C4) would
4 3 8 fill down be(A4+B4).

Sometimes it is necessary to keep a certain position that is not relative to the new
cell location. This is possible by inserting a $ before the Column letter or a $
before the Row number (or both). This is called Absolute Positioning.

A B C
If we were to fill down with this formula we would have the
1 5 3 =$A$1+$B$1 exact same formula in all of the cells C1, C2, C3, and C4. The
2 8 2 =$A$1+$B$1 dollar signs Lock the cell location to a FIXED position. When it
3 4 6 =$A$1+$B$1 is copied and pasted it remains EXACTLY the same (no
relative).
4 3 8 =$A$1+$B$1

We can also fill right. We must select the original cell (and the cells to the right)
and select from the Edit menu -- Fill and Right.

A B C
If we were to fill right from A1 to C1 we would
1 =A2+$B$3 =B2+$B$3 =C2+$B$3 get the formulas displayed to the left. Notice
2 6 2 5 that the second part of the equation is FIXED or
3 7 10 4 (ABSOLUTE REFERENCE so always
references B3 which is 10).
4 9 8 7

Answers would be A1=16, B1=12, C1=15.

Spreadsheets can be pretty dry, so we need some tools to dress them up

a little. We can use most of the tricks in our word processor to do the formatting
of text. We can use: bold face, italics, underline, change the color, align (left,
right, center), font size, font, etc.

We need to select the cell (or group of cells) that we wish to change the
formatting and then go from the FORMAT menu -- down to CELLS -- click on
FONT. Here is a picture of what you will see there. Notice that you can choose to
change the alignment as well as several other options.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 We often need to format the numbers to display the appropriate number of
decimals, dollar signs, percentage, red (for negative dollars), etc. It is best to
keep numbers describing similar items as uniform as possible.
If we have the number 3.53262624672423, we would probably have to make the
column wider and at the least bore most people. We need to set the number of
decimal places to what is important. If this was a dollar figure that had calculated
tax it should be $3.53.

Here is a screen displaying what you would see if you select a cell (or
group of cells) and from the FORMAT menu -- go down to format -- click on
number.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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EPAS NCII Date Revised: TESDA Women’s
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 A question that everyone (who has ever worked on a spreadsheet) has
asked at one time or another is, "Where did all my numbers go?" or same
question, "Where did all of those ####### come from and why are they in my
spreadsheet?"

The problem is the number trying to be displayed in a particular cell does

not have enough width to display properly. To clear up the problem we just need
to make the column wider. You can do this many ways.

Here are two ways to change the column width

1. Select the column (or columns) with the problem by clicking on their labels
(letters). Then you choose the MENU FORMAT. Go down to COLUMN
and over to WIDTH and type in a new number for the column width.

Move the arrow to the right side of the column label and click and drag the
mouse to the right (to make wider) or left (to make smaller). Let up on the mouse
button when the column is wide enough.

Notice the cursor changes to a vertical line with arrows pointing left and right.

In many spreadsheets you can also change the vertical height of a row by moving
the lower edge of the row title (number).
Sometimes we (all) make mistakes or things change. If you have a spreadsheet
designed and you forgot to include some important information, you can insert a
column into an existing spreadsheet. What you must do is click on the column
label (letter) and choose in Columns from the Insert menu. This will insert a
column immediately left of the selected column.

As you can see from this example there was a blank column inserted into the
spreadsheet. You might wonder if this will affect your referenced formulas. Yes,
the Referenced cells are changed to their new locations. For example:

Cell C4 was =C3+B4

and now is =D3+B4

Likewise, we can also insert rows. With the row label (number) selected you must
choose the Row from the Insert menu. Again this will insert a row before the row
you have selected.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

CBLMs On November 8,2015 Issued by:
EPAS NCII Date Revised: TESDA Women’s
May 18,2021 Center Page 85
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 The formulas will be updated to their corresponding locations.
C3 was = C2+B3
NOW C4=C2+B4

Numbers can usually be represented quicker and to a larger audience in a picture

format. Excel has a chart program built into its main program. The Chart Wizard
will step you through questions that will (basically) draw the chart from the data
that you have selected. There are many types of charts. The two most widely
used are the bar chart and the pie chart.

The BAR Chart is usually used to display a

change (growth or decline) over a time period.
You can quickly compare the numbers of two
different bar charts to each other.

The PIE Chart is usually used to look at what makes up a whole Something. If
you had a pie chart of where you spent your money you could look at the
percentages of dollars spent on food (or any other category).
You can add legends, titles, and change many of the display variables.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

CBLMs On November 8,2015 Issued by:
EPAS NCII Date Revised: TESDA Women’s
May 18,2021 Center Page 86
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 INFORMATION SHEET 7

WHAT IS INTERNET?

Almost everyone has heard of the Internet, and most people know
that www and dotcom have something to do with Web pages. But the Internet is
much more than just Web page addresses. With the Internet, you can read up-to-
the- minute news reports, reserve plane tickets, listen to music, send and receive
electronic messages, get weather reports, shop, conduct research, and much
more.

What’s the difference between the Internet and the World Wide
Web? The word internet evolved from the terms Inter for international and Net
for network. Internet refers to a global collection of interconnected networks – a
network of networks. It represents a vast of network computers that allows
information access and exchange by users from around the world. The World
Wide Web consists of documents that are transmitted across the Internet’s
hardware. The Web is made up of Web pages and Web sites. A Web page is a
specially formatted document that can include text, graphics, hyperlinks, audio,
animation, and video. A Web site is a collection of Web pages.

Information comes in many forms on the Internet. To travel the

Internet and read, view, or listen to the sights and sounds, you need a program
called a browser, a program that displays files that are in the HTML (Hypertext
Markup Language) file format (in contrast to .doc files or .txt files that you view
in your word processing program). You can create HTML files on your computer,
but no one else can see them unless you put the Web page on a server. A
server is any computer that has been set up so that others can use their
computers to access the information stored on it. Your ISP (Internet service
provider) maintains servers, providing you with a place to store Web pages that
you want others to see.

Web Addresses: What Do They Mean?

A Web address is commonly referred to as a URL (which we

pronounce as “U-R-L” but you might also hear pronounced as “earl.”) URL is
short for Uniform Resource Locator. Every Web page has a unique address, so
you can always find a favorite page and return to it easily at a later date. As
peculiar as some URLs may appear, some standards are built into them to give
you some sense of what you’ll encounter at the address. For example, Web site
addresses can end with one of the following higher-level domain names. (A
domain is roughly the equivalent of a category.) You are likely to encounter
addresses with the domain names that appear in the following table:

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 Higher-Level What it signifies
Domain Name
.edu educational, university, college
.mil military
.gov government
.net a network provider
.com commercial address
.int international

If the zone is two-letter long, it is a geographical name. The two-

letter specifies the country, and the item before it is specific to that country.
Examples of country codes used are: ca for Canada, us for U.S.A., ph for
Philippines and so forth.

Country Domain
Country of Origin
Name
.au Australia
.ca Canada
.fr France
.cn China
.il Israel
.it Italy
.jp Japan
.uk United Kingdom
.in India
.us United States of America
.ph Philippines

OVERVIEW OF INTERNET APPLICATIONS

Internet can be said, being one of the best qualities of

communication systems is postal mailing (eliminates long waits for a letter reach
a friend residing on the other side of the globe), a telephone, a fax machine,
library, newspaper, store (it ushers of doing shopping, banking and other
transactions electronically without having to step outside your place),
school/classroom, conference room, entertainment center, etc., all in one sans
their negative features. It’s democratic global exchange of ideas, transforming the
world into a global village without geographic boundaries.

In workplace, wise internet use results in productivity and efficiency.

Information is transmitted across management levels easily, while managerial
leverage is enhanced and promoting healthy interpersonal relationships.

The internet has found in place in education, business,

management, medicine and governmental arenas as more and more people get
themselves connected.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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EPAS NCII Date Revised: TESDA Women’s
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Getting Around the Internet with your Browser

The two most popular browsers currently available are Microsoft

Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator. Most computers allow you to
connect easily using either browser, but we use Internet Explorer for our
discussion here. There are several easy ways to open Internet Explorer. Here are
two:
1. Double-click the Internet Explorer icon on your desktop.
2. Open the Start menu and select Internet Explorer from your list of
programs.

If you aren’t connected to the Internet when you open Internet Explorer, it
will automatically dial up and connect you. When the dial-up/connecting
process finishes, Internet Explorer appears, displaying your home page,
which is your Internet home base.

Browser Window Anatomy

The browser window, like other windows, has a title bar, a menu
bar, and a toolbar. The title bar includes Minimize, Maximize, and Close
buttons. The toolbar looks different than that of, say, Word because these two
programs serve very different purposes. Like the Word toolbar, however, the
Internet Explorer Standard toolbar gives you access to the most commonly used
options in the program. The menu bar includes options unique to the functions of
a browser.

The following illustration shows the home page, in this case,

Microsoft.com.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 The browser window includes an Address Bar that displays the
address of your current location. You can always type a new address into the
Address field to check out a different Web site. Finally, the bottom of the window
sports a status bar. When you go to a Web page or Web site, Internet Explorer
might take a little time to access the page and display it for you. The status bar
shows you where you are in the process.

When you visit a Web site, the site’s home page may be just the tip
of the iceberg, so be sure to check out what hyperlinks are available to you. A
hyperlink is an area or spot on a Web page that, when clicked, takes you to
another Web page or a different section of the current Web page, as designated
by the link. To find the hyperlinks on a Web page, move your mouse across the
screen. When the cursor changes to a pointing hand, you have reached a link.
Links can be found in text (typically, in a contrasting color), in pictures, even in
empty screen space, so a little detective work usually pays off.

Navigating Using the Standard Toolbar and the Keyboard

With a few hyperlink clicks of your mouse, you manage to travel

quite a distance into the World Wide Web. Traveling to destinations near and far
is undeniably part of the fun of the Web, but it would become frustrating fast if the
browser didn’t provide good navigation tools. Enter the Standard toolbar.
Internet Explorer provides you with the tools you need to effectively explore the
Web without becoming hopelessly lost. The toolbar is shown in the following
illustration, and its buttons are described in the list that follows the illustration.
You can also use keyboard shortcuts to navigate; those shortcuts are noted in
parenthesis.
History
Edit
Back Stop Search Discuss
Channels

Messenger
Back Refresh Home Favorites Mail Print

Back. The Back button returns you to the previous page. You can click
the Back button repeatedly to backtrack to a page you visited
previously. It goes back only to sites that you visited during your
current session. (To backtrack with the keyboard, press Backspace
or Alt+Left Arrow.)

Forward. The Forward button reverses the action of the Back button. If
you go back too many pages, the Forward button enables you to
move up to where you were. It goes forward only to sites that you

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 visited during your current session. (To go forward with the
keyboard, press Alt+Right Arrow.)

Stop. The Stop button stops a newly selected page from loading.
When a page is taking a long time to load, or you see that it is not a
page you want, clicking Stop will save you the time it would take to
finish loading. (Press the Esc key to stop loading.)

Refresh. The Refresh button retrieves the page again and reloads it. If
you are interested in pages that include information that is
constantly being updated—real-time stock quotes, for example—the
Refresh button updates the screen with the most current
information available. (To refresh a page with the keyboard, press
F5.)

Home. No matter where you find yourself, the Home button brings you
back to your home page, that is, the page Internet Explorer first
opens to. (Press Alt+Home.)

Search. The Search button helps you find subject matter when you
don’t know where to look. (Press Ctrl+E to open the Search bar.)

Favorites. The Favorites button displays a list of Web sites to which

you can go without typing the URL. (Press Ctrl+I to open the
Favorites bar.)

History. The History button shows you all the sites you have visited,
listed by date. If you click one of the entries, you jump right to that
site. (Press Ctrl+H to open the History bar.)

Channels. The Channels button offers a diverse selection of Web

sites, categorized by topic.

Full Screen. The Full Screen button allows you to view a maximized
Web page without the menu showing. (Press F11 to toggle between
Full Screen and normal view.)

Mail. The Mail button helps you manage your e-mail.

Print. The Print button allows you to print the current Web page. (Press
Ctrl+P.)

Edit. The Edit button allows you to edit the currently displayed page in
Notepad.

Find. Although there isn’t a Find button on the Standard toolbar, you
can press Ctrl+F to find text on a page.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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EPAS NCII Date Revised: TESDA Women’s
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ELECTRONIC MAIL

Electronic mail, or most commonly called as e-mail, is the most widely

used internet service. It works similarly with the manual mailbox systems
found in most large organizations, where messages such as memos, letters,
agendas, minutes, etc. are deposited in a mailbox. E-mail however, is
computerized and therefore faster and more reliable and messages can be
collected and sent from any computer connected to the internet.

To send a mail message, a user simply has to login to the computer

and use a mail program to compose and send the message. The message,
once sent, is later accepted by the remote computer which stores it in the
recipient’s electronic mailbox. The recipient then is informed the next time
they logion that a new message has arrived for them. It can arrive at its
destinations within seconds even to the other side of the world. It provides an
automatic delivery service allowing users, separated by location and time, to
exchange information not only within an organization but all over the world.

E-MAIL ACCOUNTS

Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3)—Common type of e-mail account

provided by an ISP (Internet Service Provider). To receive
messages, you connect to an e-mail server and download
messages to your local computer.

Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)—Messages are stored on

the e-mail server. When you connect to an e-mail server, you read
the headers and select the messages to download to your local
computer.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)—Messages are stored,

retrieved, and displayed as Web pages. MSN Hotmail, a free, Web-
based e-mail service offered by Microsoft, provides HTTP accounts.

E-MAIL ADDRESS

To send e-mail to someone, the user needs his or her address. This
address is basically a replacement for an address on an envelope. Roughly
speaking, mail addresses consist of the following elements:

Mailbox name or username – This is usually the username of the

user’s account. Mailbox can contain the letters numerals and
some punctuation characters, such as periods and
underscores. Capitalization does not matter in e-mail
addresses. Mailbox name should not contain commas, spaces
and parentheses.

@ - at sign
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 Address or hostname – majority of e-mail addresses have
hierarchical structure similar to a real-world address. Networks
are divided into administrative regions known technically as
domains which are then further divided into sub-domains.
Each component domain within the address is delimited using
a dot “.”.

To illustrate this, consider a typical e-mail address:

twc@tesda.gov.ph

twc – is the name of the person sending or receiving the message,

this is referred to as the username.

tesda.gov.ph – in this instance, ph is the top-level domain, usually

referring to the country of origin (usually the first two letters of
the country’s name). The sub-domain “gov” indicates the
organizational affiliation of the addressee; it indicates that the
addressee belongs to a government body.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 TASK SHEET 6
REGISTERING/GETTING AN ACCOUNT

To avail of the services offered by a Web-based e-mail service provider,

simply go to its web page and look for the option to subscribe or register an
account which is usually the Sign Up Here or Sign Up button or link.

To have an account, do the following:

1. Double-click the Internet Explorer icon on your desktop or open the Start
menu and select Internet Explorer from your list of programs.

2. On your Internet Explorer, type the web address http://www.yahoo.com or

http://www.hotmail.com.

3. The Yahoo’s (or Hotmail) cover page will appear. Look for Sign Up button
and click. After reading the terms and conditions and finding it acceptable,
click on the I Accept button.

4. Supply the Login Name and desired Password as well as other required
information needed. Yahoo/Hotmail will prompt if the user has successfully
registered otherwise apply the necessary corrections.

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 Hint in selecting a password

 First and foremost, NEVER give your password to anyone

 Make your password something you can easily remember
 Make your password difficult for others to guess
 DO NOT CHANGE your password because of mail from someone
claiming to be your systems administrator, supposedly needing
access to your files!!

5. After successfully registering, the user can now send and receive e-mail
with his account as well as avail of its other features and services.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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PARTS OF AN E-MAIL

Regardless of which mail program the user uses all electronic mail
messages have two main components. The first is the header of the message
and the second is the body of the message or its contents.

The header consists of a number of fields which are either completed

by the user or automatically by the computer. This may consist of the following:

 Addressee (To:) – this field is where the username and address

of the intended recipient must be entered. Clearly it is of utmost
importance that this must be typed correctly.

 Carbon Copy (Cc:) – this is an optional field where the sender

can enter the username of those whom he wants to give a copy
of the e-mail.

 Title of Message (Subject:) – this is where the title of the

message is entered although, this is optional, it is considered an
etiquette to give every message a relevant title. The message
will be likely to be read if the receiver can see at a glance that
the message is of relevance to them.

 Sender (From:) – this information is automatically entered into

any mail messages that is sent out. Its purpose is to inform the
recipient of the sender’s e-mail address, so that message sent
will traceable.

Addressee
(To:)

Carbon
Copy
(Cc:)

Title of
Message
(Subject:)

The body of Message

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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  The body of the message is usually composed using an editor similar
to a word processing program built-in to the mail program. But the
problem is that the editors usually do not allow the user to format any
text within the message like change the font size or underline the text
because e-mail systems normally transmit plain text files only across
the network. However, there are various utilities to convert formatted
documents and program files into a form which can then be safely
transmitted using e-mail. It is also common for mail programs to have
an option to attach files within the body of the e-mail to be downloaded
later on by the receiver.

OPENING YOUR E-MAIL

1. Logging In

 On your Internet Explorer, type the web address http://www.mail.yahoo.com

or http://www.yahoo.com and click on Mail
 Type-in your user name and your password and click Sign In
 After logging-in, you can now see the main screen of Yahoo Mail

READING AN E-MAIL MESSAGE

It is a good habit to check e-mail every time logging into the Net. It’s like
checking the mailbox when getting home. Some mail programs combine the

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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process of sending queued messages with checking for new mails. Most users
check for new mail when first starting them.

Unread or new mail typically appears with some indicator that it’s new, such
as the Subject line appearing in bold, or a bullet or checkmark appearing next to
the new messages. This is supposed to help the user pick out the messages that
are not read yet, so he would not miss any.

 To Read your mail, click Inbox and click the list of emails
o

o Your email will be listed according to date, the most recent in on top
o Unread emails are listed in bold figures
o A paper clip symbol indicates that an email has an attachment
(e.g. pictures, documents files, presentation files, etc.)

 As you click on the list of your email, the contents of your email will be
displayed can be read below the list

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

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 TASK SHEET 7
Composing, Addressing and Sending Messages

1. To create an e-mail message, click the New Mail Message button. A

message window is displayed.

2. In the To box, type the e-mail address of the person/group/organization

you would like to send the e-mail message.

3. Press Tab twice. The insertion point moves to the Subject box.

4. Type the contents of your e-mail on the space below and press Enter.
The subject is entered and the insertion point moves to the message
area.

5. After typing your message, click Send button. The message is sent to
the recipient. A confirmation will be displayed

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ATTACHING A FILE TO MESSAGE

o To attach a file to a message, compose the message just as you

normally would and click the Insert File button on the Message
toolbar in the message window.

o Navigate to the folder that contains the file, click the file name, and
click the Insert button. Repeat this procedure to attach multiple files
to a message.

o On the Message toolbar in the message window, click the Send

button.
o The message is sent to the recipient.

REPLYING TO AN E-MAIL

 To reply from an email, you must open for reading the received email.

 Click the Reply Button.

o Automatically, the Name of the person/organization/group is

displayed at the space provide for the recipient indicated by To:

o Notice that you will see “Re:” on the subject line, indicating that
it is a reply.
o The original Message is displayed below.

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 You can add your message above the original message.
 Click Send

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Developed by: Revision #: 104
Operations 1st revision: May 8,2018
Jennifer O. Caoile 2nd revision: May 18,2021
Forwarding an Email

 To forward your email, you must open for reading the received email.
 Click the Forward button and type the email address of the
person/group/organization you want to forward the received email.
o You will notice that “FW:” is being added at the subject,
indicating that it is a forwarded message.

 You can add your message on the space provided below.

 Click Send after you are done typing your message.
 A confirmation will be displayed after a successfully sending your email.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

CBLMs On November 8,2015 Issued by:
EPAS NCII Date Revised: TESDA Women’s
May 18,2021 Page
Center
Perform Computer 102 of
Developed by: Revision #: 104
Operations 1st revision: May 8,2018
Jennifer O. Caoile 2nd revision: May 18,2021
 WRITTEN EXAM

COMPUTER LITERACY

NAME: _________________________ DATE: _______________

FILL IN THE BLANKS:
1. The two additional functions of computers incorporated in it are ______________________
and ____________________.

2. Give at least three uses of computer. A) __________________________; B)

____________________________; C) __________________________.

3. Identify the part of a computer system (HARDWARE).

a. ___________________________ b. __________________

c. ___________________________
d. ___________________________

e. ___________________________

4. _____________________ is part of processing device responsible for accepting and

processing the data brought in by the input devices, and for passing the resulting
information to the user’s via the output devices. It is composed integrated circuits designed
to perform a particular task.

5. __________________________ and ______________________ are two kinds of main

storage.

6. ____________________ is a temporary storage place for deleted files that can be

retrieved and used again.

7. The three types of data that can be entered are ________________, _______________,
and ________________.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

CBLMs On November 8,2015 Issued by:
EPAS NCII Date Revised: TESDA Women’s
May 18,2021 Page
Center
Perform Computer 103 of
Developed by: Revision #: 104
Operations 1st revision: May 8,2018
Jennifer O. Caoile 2nd revision: May 18,2021
8. _____________________ is the short command when undoing/recovering your previous
action.

9. Identify the parts of MONITOR.

a. ______________________

b. ______________________

c. ______________________
a

b
c
10. Ctrl E is the short command for __________________.

11. The short command for Left Alignment is ____________________.

12. Spreadsheets are made up of : a. ____________________; b. ________________; c.

____________________.

13. ___________________ icon in the standard toolbar is the quickest way to total a column of
values.

14. Clicking NEW on the FILE menu opens the new worksheet task pane, in which you can
select a template on which to base the new workbook while clicking the NEW button opens
a _____________ workbook.

15. The default page margins of a worksheet for the top and bottom margins are ______ inch,
and the left and right margins are _______inch.

16. www means ________________________________.

17. The higher-level domain and country domain name of TESDA is

________________________.

18. The button that retrieves the page again reloads it is _____________________.

19. E-mail addresses consist of the following elements: _________________, ____________,

_______________.

20. The header, as one of the main component of an e-mail, consists of

___________________, _________________________, ________________________,
and ________________________________.

Date Developed: Document No.TWC- ELC311201

CBLMs On November 8,2015 Issued by:
EPAS NCII Date Revised: TESDA Women’s
May 18,2021 Page
Center
Perform Computer 104 of
Developed by: Revision #: 104
Operations 1st revision: May 8,2018
Jennifer O. Caoile 2nd revision: May 18,2021