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CSS GRID LAYOUT
FROM THE INSIDE OUT
MANUEL REGO CASASNOVAS ( )@regocas
HTML5DevConf Autumn 2015 / 19-20 October 2015 (San Francisco)
ABOUT ME
CSS Grid Layout implementor (Chromium/Blink &
Safari/WebKit)
Member of Igalia Web Platform Team
CSS Grid Layout from the inside out (HTML5DevConf Autumn 2015)
GRIDS EVERYWHERE
1996
EVOLUTION
<TABLE>
ὤ
FLOAT
ὣ
DISPLAY: INLINE-BLOCK;
ὣ
DISPLAY: TABLE;
ὢ
CSS FRAMEWORKS
ὠ
DISPLAY: FLEX;
ὠ
DISPLAY: GRID;
ὠ
CSS Grid Layout from the inside out (HTML5DevConf Autumn 2015)
GRID CONCEPTS
Header
MainAside
Footer
GRID LINES
Header
MainAside
Footer
1 2 3
1
2
3
4
GRID TRACKS
GRID TRACKS
ROWS
Header
MainAside
Footer
GRID TRACKS
COLUMNS
Header
MainAside
Footer
GRID CELLS
Header
MainAside
Footer
GRID AREAS
Header
MainAside
Footer
CSS Grid Layout from the inside out (HTML5DevConf Autumn 2015)
DISPLAY: GRID;
New formatting context
TRACK SIZING
grid-template-columns& grid-template-rows
Create boxes from CSS!
TRACK SIZING EXAMPLE
A
B
C
D
.grid { display: grid;
grid-template-columns: ;
grid-template-rows: ; }
<div class="grid">
<div class="a">A</div>
<div class="b">B</div>
<div class="c">C</div>
<div class="d">D</div>
</div>
PLACEMENT PROPERTIES
grid-column& grid-row
DOM order ≠ Visual order
PLACEMENT EXAMPLE
A
B
C
.grid { display: grid;
grid: 200px 200px / 100px 100px; }
.a { }
<div class="grid">
<div class="a">A</div>
<div class="b">B</div>
<div class="c">C</div>
</div>
NAMED GRID LINES
Use custom identifiers to reference lines
A line can have several names
NAMED LINES EXAMPLE
A
B
C
.grid { display: grid;
grid-template-columns:
[left] 100px [middle center] 200px [right]; }
<div class="grid">
<div class="a">A</div>
<div class="b">B</div>
<div class="c">C</div>
</div>
GRID AREAS
grid-template-areas
### ###### ###### #### #### ### ######## ########
## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ##
## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ##
## ## ###### ## ## ## ## ## ######## ##
######### ## ## ## ## ######### ## ## ##
## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ##
## ## ###### ###### #### #### ## ## ## ## ##
GRID AREAS EXAMPLE
A
B
C
D
.grid { display: grid;
grid-auto-columns: 100px; grid-auto-rows: 75px;
grid-template-areas: "head head"
"nav main"
"foot foot"; }
.a { grid-area: head; }
.b { grid-area: main; }
.c { grid-area: nav; }
.d { grid-area: foot; }
<div class="grid">
<div class="a">A</div>
<div class="b">B</div>
<div class="c">C</div>
<div class="d">D</div>
</div>
ALIGNMENT
specCSS Box Alignment
Horizontal & vertical centering!
ITEMS ALIGNMENT EXAMPLE
A
B
C
.grid { display: grid; grid: 200px 200px / 100px 100px;
align-items: ; justify-items: ; }
.b { align-self: ; justify-self: ; }
<div class="grid">
<div class="a">A</div>
<div class="b">B</div>
<div class="c">C</div>
</div>
TRACKS ALIGNMENT EXAMPLE
A
B
C
.grid { display: grid; grid: 150px 150px / 100px 100px;
align-content: ;
justify-content: ; }
<div class="grid">
<div class="a">A</div>
<div class="b">B</div>
<div class="c">C</div>
</div>
GRID GUTTERS
grid-row-gap& grid-column-gap
GRID GUTTERS EXAMPLE
A
B
C
D
E
.grid { display: grid;
grid: 100px 100px 100px / 100px 100px;
grid-row-gap: ; grid-column-gap: ; }
<div class="grid">
<div class="a">A</div>
<div class="b">B</div>
<div class="c">C</div>
<div class="d">D</div>
<div class="e">E</div>
</div>
AUTO-PLACEMENT
grid-auto-flow
AUTO-PLACEMENT EXAMPLE
Input
Checkbox Submit form
form { }
label { }
input { }
<form>
<label>Input</label>
<input>
<label>Checkbox</label>
<input type="checkbox">
<button>Submit form</button>
</form>
RESPONSIVE GRIDS
Flexible track sizing
Media Queries
RESPONSIVE GRID EXAMPLE
.grid {
display: grid;
grid: 200px 1fr / 100px 1fr auto;
grid-template-areas: "header header"
"aside main "
"aside footer";
}
@media (max-width: 400px) {
.grid {
grid: 1fr / 100px 1fr 100px auto;
grid-template-areas: "header"
"main "
"aside "
"footer"; }
}
RESPONSIVE GRID EXAMPLE
Header
MainAside
Footer
CSS Grid Layout from the inside out (HTML5DevConf Autumn 2015)
& keywords for
AUTO REPEAT
auto-fill auto-fit repeat()
AUTO REPEAT EXAMPLE
.grid { display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, 100px); }
<div class="grid">
<div>A</div>
<div>B</div>
<div>C</div>
<div>D</div>
<div>E</div>
</div>
A B C D E
SUBGRIDS
Nested Grid
A B C
D
E
S1 Sub2
S3 Sub4
Subgrid
A B C
D
E
Sub1 Sub2
Sub3 Sub4
SUBGRIDS EXAMPLE
Input
Checkbox
Submit form
ul { display: grid; }
li { display: grid; }
label { grid-column: 1; }
<form><ul>
<li><label>Input</label><input
<li><label>Checkbox</label><input
<li><button>Submit form</button
</ul></form>
HOW DOES IT WORK?
EXAMPLE
<div class="grid">
<div class="title">Title</div>
<div class="nav">Nav</div>
<div class="main">Lorem ipsum...</div>
<div class="aside">Ad</div>
<div class="aside">Adword</div>
</div>
.grid { display: grid;
width: 800px;
grid-template-columns: 200px 1fr auto;
grid-template-rows: 100px auto; }
.title { grid-row: 1; grid-column: 2; }
.nav { grid-row: 2; grid-column: 1; }
.main { grid-row: 2; grid-column: 2; }
.aside { grid-column: 3; }
EMPTY GRID
PLACE ITEMS
Title
.title { grid-row: 1; grid-colum: 2; }
PLACE ITEMS
Title
Nav
.nav { grid-row: 2; grid-colum: 1; }
PLACE ITEMS
Title
Nav Lorem ipsum...
.main { grid-row: 2; grid-colum: 2; }
PLACE ITEMS
Title
Nav Lorem ipsum...
Ad
.aside { grid-colum: 3; }
PLACE ITEMS
Title
Nav Lorem ipsum...
Ad
Adword
.aside { grid-colum: 3; }
PLACE ITEMS
Title
Nav Lorem ipsum...
Ad
Adword
FIXED COLUMN
Title
Nav Lorem ipsum...
Ad
Adword
200px
INTRINSIC COLUMN
Title
Nav Lorem ipsum...
Ad 60px
Adword 130px
200px auto
INTRINSIC COLUMN
Title
Nav Lorem ipsum...
Ad
Adword
200px 130px
FLEXIBLE COLUMN
Title
Nav Lorem ipsum...
Ad
Adword
200px 130px1fr
FLEXIBLE COLUMN
Title
Nav Lorem ipsum...
Ad
Adword
200px 130px470px
LAYOUT ITEMS
Title
Nav Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit,
sed do iusmod tempor incididunt
ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ad
Adword
200px 130px470px
FIXED ROW
Title
Nav Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit,
sed do iusmod tempor incididunt
ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ad
Adword
200px 130px470px
100px
INTRINSIC ROW
Title
Nav
60px
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit,
sed do iusmod tempor incididunt
ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
160px
Ad
Adword
60px
200px 130px470px
100px
auto
INTRINSIC ROW
Title
Nav Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit,
sed do iusmod tempor incididunt
ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ad
Adword
200px 130px470px
100px
160px
STRETCH ITEMS
Title
Nav Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit,
sed do iusmod tempor incididunt
ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ad
Adword
200px 130px470px
100px
160px
FASTER GRIDS
FIXED VS INTRINSIC SIZING
200pxis faster than auto
INTRINSIC VS FLEXIBLE SIZING
autois faster than 1fr
VERTICAL STRETCH
Vertical stretchin auto-sized items is slower than other
(e.g. start)
Item
HORIZONTAL NON-STRETCH
Avoid horizontal stretch(e.g. start) in auto-sized
items is slower
Item
STATUS
W3C SPECIFICATION
CSS Grid Layout - https://drafts.csswg.org/css-grid/
Started by Microsoft in 2010
Last Working Draft 17 September 2015
W3C Test Suite
CAN I USE GRID? ὢ
BROWSERS ADOPTION ὠ
Old implementation
since IE 10
Prefixed: -ms
More complete
implementation
⚐Experimental Web
Platform Features
Enabled by default on
WebKit Nightlies
Prefixed: -webkit
Implementation started
early this year
⚐layout.css.grid.enabled
Polyfill: https://github.com/FremyCompany/css-grid-polyfill
EXAMPLES
by Igalia
by Rachel Andrew
http://igalia.github.io/css-grid-layout/
http://gridbyexample.com/
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
and working together to build a better webIgalia Bloomberg
© euphro https://www.flickr.com/photos/euphro/8455969860/
THANK YOU!
Twitter:
Mail:
Blog:
@regocas
rego@igalia.com
http://blogs.igalia.com/mrego/

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CSS Grid Layout from the inside out (HTML5DevConf Autumn 2015)