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C# PROGRAMMING:
FROM PROBLEM ANALYSIS TO PROGRAM DESIGN
FIFTH EDITION
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C# PROGRAMMING:
FROM PROBLEM ANALYSIS TO PROGRAM DESIGN
FIFTH EDITION
BARBARA DOYLE
"VTUSBMJBt#SB[JMt+BQBOt,PSFBt.FYJDPt4JOHBQPSFt4QBJOt6OJUFE,JOHEPNt6OJUFE4UBUFT
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C# Programming: From Problem Analysis to © 2016, 2014 Cengage Learning
Program Design, Fifth Edition WCN: 02-200-203
Barbara Doyle
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BRIEF CONTENTS
© zeljkodan/Shutterstock.com
PREFACE xxiii
7. Arrays 399
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vi | C# Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Fifth Edition
GLOSSARY 1129
INDEX 1143
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
© zeljkodan/Shutterstock.com
Preface xxiii
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING
1 AND APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT 1
History of Computers 2
System and Application Software 4
System Software 5
Application Software 7
Software Development Process 7
Steps in the Program Development Process 8
Programming Methodologies 15
Structured Procedural Programming 15
Object-Oriented Programming 18
Evolution of C# and .NET 21
Programming Languages 21
.NET 23
Why C#? 25
Types of Applications Developed with C# 26
Web Applications 27
Windows Applications 28
Console Applications 28
Exploring the First C# Program 29
Elements of a C# Program 30
Comments 30
Inline Comments 31
Multiline Comments 31
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viii | C# Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Fifth Edition
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Table of Contents | ix
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x | C# Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Fifth Edition
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Table of Contents | xi
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xii | C# Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Fifth Edition
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Table of Contents | xiii
Resources 386
Quick Review 386
Exercises 388
Programming Exercises 394
ARRAYS 399
7 Array Basics 400
Array Declaration 401
Array Initializers 404
Array Access 406
Sentinel-Controlled Access 411
Using Foreach with Arrays 412
Array Class 413
Arrays as Method Parameters 419
Pass by Reference 420
Array Assignment 423
Params Parameters 425
Arrays in Classes 426
Array of User-Defined Objects 428
Arrays as Return Types 429
Coding Standards 447
Guidelines for Naming Arrays 447
Advanced Array Suggestions 447
Resources 447
Quick Review 447
Exercises 448
Programming Exercises 455
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Another Random Scribd Document
with Unrelated Content
“I think Dorothy is right,” chimed in Hazel crisply. “Miss Lamb
made a principle out of her duty, real or supposed, to her uncle: she
gave up her chance of married happiness because her sense of what
was right would have been outraged if she had not.”
“Then she was a martyr!” exclaimed Jessie Wayne. “I shall see
her as a picture in my mind next time we sing ‘The martyr first
whose eagle eye.’ ”
“I dare say you will, goosey”—Dora Selwyn leaned forward past
Dorothy to speak to Jessie, who sat at the end of the table
—“meanwhile, you will please get on your feet, for the Head is
rising.”
Jessie scrambled up in a great hurry, punting into Daisy Goatby,
who sat on the other side of her. Daisy, heavy in all her movements,
lurched against a plate standing too near the edge of the table, and
brought it to the ground with a crash. But the crash was not heard,
for Hazel, who saw it falling, and the gentlemen rising to leave the
room at the same moment, swung up her hand for a rousing cheer,
and in the burst of acclamation the noise of smashing was entirely
lost.
“What a morning it has been!” murmured Dorothy, as she strolled
down to the tennis court with Margaret for a little practice at the
nets before the serious work of the tournament should begin.
“Yes.” Margaret spoke emphatically. She paused, and then said
rather shyly, “I should not have been very happy about it all, though,
if it had not been for the talk I had with you last night. Oh! I was
worried about that rumour of your depending on helps that are not
right for your work. I think I should have fainted, when you made
your affirmation, if I had known that there was anything not right
about it.”
“I do not expect you would have swooned, however badly you
might have felt.” Dorothy’s tone was rather grim as she spoke, for
she was thinking of Rhoda. “It is astonishing what we can bear
when hard things really come upon us.”
“Perhaps so. Anyhow, I am very glad it was all right,” Margaret
sighed happily, and slid her arm in Dorothy’s. “I even had a big
struggle with myself when Rhoda Fleming stood up to affirm, and I
forgave her again from the bottom of my heart for every snub she
has ever handed out to me, for it seemed as if it would make her
record sweeter if I did that.”
“I wish I were as good as you.” Dorothy’s tone was a little
conscience stricken. There had been no desire in her heart to have
Rhoda clean enough to affirm; she had been merely conscious of a
great amazement at the girl’s audacity and callousness.
“Oh, rot, I am not good!” jerked out Margaret brusquely; and
then, Sixth Form girl though she was, she challenged Dorothy to
race to the nets.
It was a neck-and-neck struggle, and the victor was nearly
squashed at the goal by the vanquished falling on to her, and they
helped each other up, laughing at the figures they must have cut,
and the loss of hard-won dignity involved.
It was Dorothy who won, but that was only because she had a
longer stride. She knew this right well, and Margaret knew it too.
CHAPTER VIII
THE TORN BOOK
The studies at the Compton Girls’ School were at the top of the
house, and consisted of three small rooms set apart for the use of
the Sixth, and one fair-sized chamber that was used as prep room by
the Upper Fifth. The private sitting-room of the Form-mistresses was
also on this floor, the rooms all opening on to one long passage,
which had a staircase at either end.
There were twelve girls in the Sixth, which gave four to a study.
Hazel and Margaret had with them Dorothy, and also Jessie Wayne,
who was a very quiet and studious girl, keeping to her own corner,
and having very little to do with the others. The head girl, Dora
Selwyn, had the middle study with three others, and the remaining
four, of whom Rhoda Fleming was one, had the third room, which
was next to the prep room of the Upper Fifth.
All the rooms on this floor were fitted with gas fires, and were
very comfortable. To Dorothy there was a wonderfully homey feeling
in coming up to this quiet retreat after the stress and strain of Form
work. She shared the centre table with Hazel, while Margaret had a
corner opposite to the one where Jessie worked.
One Friday evening at the end of October they were all in the
study, and, for a wonder, they were all talking. The week’s marks
had been posted on the board in the lecture hall an hour before, and
they had read the result as they came out from prayers.
It was Dorothy’s class position which had led to the talking; for
the first time since she had come to the school she was fourth from
the top. Dora Selwyn, Hazel, and Margaret were above her, and
Rhoda Fleming was fifth.
“Rhoda has been fourth so far this term,” said Jessie Wayne.
“She will not take it kindly that you have climbed above her, Dorothy.
How did you manage to do it?”
“I can’t think how I got above her,” answered Dorothy, who was
flushed and happy, strangely disinclined for work, too, and disposed
to lean back in her chair and discuss her victory. “Rhoda is a long
way ahead of me in most things, and she is so wonderfully good at
maths, too, while I am a duffer at figures in any shape or form.”
“You are pulling up though. I noticed you had fifty more marks
for maths than you had last week,” said Hazel, who had been deep
in a new book on chemistry, which she was annotating for next
week’s class paper.
“Yes, I know I am fifty up.” Dorothy laughed happily. “To tell the
truth, I have been swotting to that end. Indeed, I have let other
things slide a bit in order to get level with the rest of you at maths. I
have to work harder at that than anything.”
“Well, you jumped in Latin too; you were before me there,” said
Margaret. “I should not be surprised if you have me down next week
or the week after. You will have your work cut out to do it, though,
for I mean to keep in front of you as long as I can.”
“I can’t see myself getting in front of you,” said Dorothy. “You
seem to know all there is to be known about most things.”
“In short, she is the beginning and end of wisdom,” laughed
Hazel. “But we must get to work, or by this time next week we shall
find ourselves at the bottom of the Form.”
“What a row there is in the next study,” said Dorothy. “Don’t you
wonder that Dora puts up with such a riot, and she the head girl?”
“The noise is not in the next study,” said Jessie, who had opened
the door and gone out into the passage to see where the noise
came from. “It is Rhoda and her lot who are carrying on. They do it
most nights, only they do not usually make as much noise as this. I
suppose they are taking advantage of the mistresses having gone to
Ilkestone for that lecture on Anthropology; Dora has gone too, so
there is no one up here to keep them in order to-night.”
“Well, shut the door, kid, and drag the curtain across it to deaden
the noise. We have to get our work done somehow.” There was a
sound of irritation in Hazel’s voice; she had badly wanted to go to
the lecture herself, but she knew that she dared not take the time. If
she had been free like Dora she would have gone, and not troubled
about the fear of dropping in her Form; but in view of her position
as an aspirant for the Mutton Bone, she dared not run the risk.
There was silence in the study for the next hour. Sometimes a
girl would get up to reach a book, or would rustle papers, or scrape
her chair on the floor; but there was no talking, until presently Jessie
pushed her chair back, and rising to her feet, declared that she was
going to bed, simply because she could not keep awake any longer.
“I am coming too,” said Hazel. “I am doing no good at all, just
because I keep dropping asleep; I suppose it is because it has been
so windy to-day. Are you others coming now?”
Margaret said that she would go—and indeed she was so pale
and heavy-eyed that she did not look fit to stay up any longer; but
Dorothy said that she wanted to finish the Latin she was doing for
next day, and would stay until she had done it.
When the others had gone she rose and turned out the gas fire,
fearful lest she might forget it when she went to bed, and there was
a considerable penalty waiting for the girl who left a gas fire burning
when she left the room.
The upper floor had grown strangely still. The Upper Fifth had
gone downstairs to bed some time ago. There were no mistresses in
their private room, which to-night was not even lighted. The noise in
the third study had died away, and there was a deep hush over the
place.
Dorothy worked on steadily for a time, then suddenly she felt
herself growing nervous; there was a sensation upon her that some
one was coming, was creeping along the passage, and pausing
outside the door.
She stopped work, she held herself rigid, and stared fixedly at
the door. The handle moved gently—some one was coming in. The
horror of this creeping, silent thing was on her; she wanted to
scream, but she had no power—she could only pant.
The door creaked open for perhaps half an inch. Dorothy sprang
up, and in her haste knocked over a pile of books, which fell with a
clattering bang on the floor. For a moment she paused, appalled by
the noise she had made in that quiet place; and then, wrenching
open the door, she faced the passage, which stretched, lighted and
empty, to her gaze.
With a jerk she clicked off the electric light of the study, and with
a series of bounds reached the top of the stairs, fleeing down and
along the corridor to the dormitory. All the girls were in bed except
Hazel, who looked out from her cubicle to know what was wrong.
“Nerves, I expect. Yah, I turned into a horrible coward, and when
the door creaked gently open I just got up and fled,” said Dorothy,
who was hanging on to the side of her cubicle, looking thoroughly
scared and done up from her experience upstairs.
“I guess you have been doing too much; you would have been
wiser to have come down when we did,” said Hazel calmly; and
then, as her own toilet was all but complete, she came and helped
Dorothy to get to bed.
It was good to be helped. Dorothy was shaking in every limb,
and she was feeling so thoroughly demoralized that it was all she
could do to keep from bursting into noisy crying. She thanked Hazel
with lips that trembled, and creeping into her bed, hid her head
beneath the clothes because her teeth chattered so badly.
Sleep came to her after a time, for she was healthily tired with
the long day of work and play. But with sleep came dreams, and
these were for the most part weird and frightening. Some evil was
always coming upon her from behind, and yet she could never get
her head round to see what it was that was menacing her. Oh, it was
fearful! She struggled to wake, but was not able; and presently she
slid into deeper slumber, getting more restful as the hours went by.
Then the old trouble broke out again: something was certainly
coming upon her, the curtains of her cubicle were shaking, her bed
was shaking, and next minute she herself would be shaken out of
bed. Making a great effort she opened her eyes, and saw Margaret
standing over her.
“What is the matter?” gasped Dorothy, wondering why her head
was feeling so queer and her mouth so parched and dry.
“That is what I have come to ask you,” said Margaret with a
laugh. “You have nearly waked us all up by crying out and groaning
in a really tragic fashion. Are you feeling ill?”
“Why, no, I am all right,” said Dorothy, who began to feel herself
all over to see if she was really awake and undamaged. “I have been
having ghastly dreams, and I thought something was coming after
me, only I was not able to get awake to see what it was.”
“Ah! a fit of nightmare, I suppose.” Margaret’s tone was
sympathetic, but she yawned with sleepiness, and shivered from the
cold. “I found you lying across the bed with your head hanging
down, as if you were going to pitch out on to the floor, so I guess
you were feeling bad.”
“What is the time?” Dorothy had struggled to a sitting posture,
and was wondering if she dared ask Margaret to creep into bed with
her, for there was a sense of panic on her still, and she feared—
actually feared—to be left alone.
“Oh, the wee sma’ hours are getting bigger. It is just five o’clock
—plenty of time for a good sleep yet before the rising bell. Lie down,
and I will tuck you in snugly, then you will feel better.”
Dorothy sank back on her pillow, submitting to be vigorously
tucked in by Margaret. She was suddenly ashamed of being afraid to
stay alone. Now that she was wider awake the creeping horror was
further behind her, while the fact that it was already five o’clock
seemed to bring the daylight so much nearer.
She was soon asleep again, and she did not wake until roused by
the bell. So heavy had been her sleep that her movements were
slower than usual, and she was the last girl to leave the dormitory.
To her immense surprise both Hazel and Margaret gave her the
cold shoulder at breakfast. They only spoke to her when she spoke
to them. They both sat with gloom on their faces, as if the fog in
which the outside world was wrapped that morning had somehow
got into them.
Dorothy was at first disposed to be resentful. She supposed their
grumpiness must be the result of her having disturbed the dormitory
with her nightmare. It seemed a trifle rotten that they should treat
her in such a fashion for what she could not help. She relapsed into
silence herself for the remainder of breakfast, concentrating her
thoughts and energies on the day’s work, and trying to get all the
satisfaction she could out of the fact that she had pulled up one
again this week in her school position.
“Dorothy, the Head wishes to see you in her study as soon as
breakfast is over.” There was a constraint in Miss Groome’s voice
which Dorothy was quick to feel, and she looked from her to the
averted faces of Hazel and Margaret, wondering what could be the
matter with them all.
“Yes, Miss Groome, I will go,” she said cheerfully; and she held
her head up, feeling all the comfort of a quiet conscience, although
privately she told herself that they were all being very horrid to her,
seeing that she was so absolutely unconscious of having given
offence in any way.
The Head’s study was a small room on the first floor, having a
window which gave a delightful view over the Sowerbrook valley,
with a distant glimpse of the blue waters of the English Channel.
There was no view to be had this morning, however—nothing but a
grey wall of fog, dense and smothering.
Miss Arden was sitting at her writing table, and lying before her
was a torn book—this was very shabby, as if from much use. There
was something so sinister about the disreputable volume lying there
that Dorothy felt her eyes turn to it, as if drawn by a magnet.
“Good morning, Dorothy; come and sit down.” The tone of the
Head was so kind that all at once Dorothy sensed disaster, and the
colour rushed in a flood over her face and right up to her hair, then
receded, leaving her pale and cold, while a sensation seized upon
her of being caught in a trap.
She sat down on the chair pointed out by the Head, trying to
gather up her forces to meet what was in front of her, yet feeling
absolutely bewildered.
There followed a little pause of silence. It was almost as if the
Head was not feeling quite sure about how to tackle the situation in
front of her; then she said in a crisp, businesslike manner, pointing
to the torn book in front of her, “This book, is it yours?”
“No,” said Dorothy with decision. “I am sure it is not. I have no
book so ragged and worn.”
“Perhaps you have borrowed it, then?” persisted the Head, fixing
her with a keen glance which seemed to look right through her.
“I beg your pardon?” murmured Dorothy, looking blank.
“I asked, have you borrowed it?” repeated Miss Arden patiently.
It was never her way to harry or confuse a girl.
“I have never seen it before that I can remember. What book is
it?” Dorothy fairly hurled her question at the Head, and rose from
her seat as if to take it.
The Head waved her back. “Sit still, and think a minute. This
book was found with yours on the table of your study this morning. I
have learned that you were the last girl to leave the study last night;
your books were left in a confused heap on the table, and this one
was open at the place where you had been working before you went
to bed.”
“I was doing Latin before I went to bed,” said Dorothy, her
senses still in a whirling confusion.
“Just so. This book is a key, a translation of the book we are
doing in the Sixth this time,” said the Head slowly, “Now, do you
understand the significance of it being found among your books?”
“Do you mean that you think I was using a key last night in
preparing my Form Latin?” asked Dorothy, her eyes wide with
amazement.
“No; I only mean that appearances point to this, and I have sent
for you so that you may be able to explain—to clear yourself, if that
is possible; if not, to own up as to how far you have been depending
on this kind of thing to help you in your work and advance your
position in your form.”
Dorothy sat quite silent. Her face was white and pinched, and
there was a feeling of despair in her heart that she had never known
before. It was her bare word against this clear evidence of that torn,
disreputable old book, and how could she expect that any one was
going to believe her?
“Come, I want to hear what you have to say about it all.” The
voice of the Head had a ring of calm authority, and Dorothy found
her tongue with an effort.
“I have never used a key to help me with my Latin, or with any
of my work, and I have never seen that book before,” she said in a
low tone.
“It was found among the books you had been using before you
went to bed.” There was so much suggestion in the voice of the
Head that Dorothy gave a start of painful recollection.
“Oh! I left my books lying anyhow, and I shall have to take a
bad-conduct mark. I am so sorry, but I was frightened, and ran
away. I ought to have gone to bed when Hazel and Margaret went
down, but I wanted to finish my Latin; it takes me longer than they
to do it.”
“What frightened you?” demanded the Head.
“While I was sitting at work, and the place was very still, I had
suddenly the sensation of some one, or something, creeping along
outside the door; I saw the handle turn, and the door creaked open
for half an inch; I cried out, but there was no answer, and I just got
up and bolted.”
“There was not much to frighten you in the fact of some one
coming along the passage and softly opening the door?”
The voice of the Head was questioning, and under the compelling
quality of her gaze Dorothy had to own up to the real cause of her
fear.
“The girls have said that the rooms up there are haunted—that a
certain something comes along at night opening the doors, sighing
heavily, and moaning as if in pain.”
“Did you hear sighs and moans?” asked the Head, her lips giving
an involuntary twitch.
“I did not stay to listen; I bolted as fast as I could go,” admitted
Dorothy. “That was why my books were not put away, or any of my
things cleared up.”
“Do you know why the girls say the rooms are haunted?” asked
the Head, and this time she smiled so kindly that Dorothy found the
courage to reply.
“I was told that a girl, Amelia Herschstein, was killed on that
landing.” Her voice was very low, and her gaze dropped to the
carpet. Standing there in the daylight it seemed so perfectly absurd
to admit that she had been nearly scared out of her senses on the
previous evening by her remembrance of a ghost story.
“You don’t seem to have got the details quite right,” said the
Head in a matter-of-fact tone. “About twenty years ago, I have been
told, the landing where the studies are was given up to the Sixth for
bedrooms; girls were not supposed to need studies then—at least
they did not have them here. There was no second staircase then;
the place where the stairs go down by the prep room of the Upper
Fifth was a small box-room which had a window with a balcony.
Amelia Herschstein was leaning over this balcony one night to talk to
a soldier from Beckworth Camp who had contrived to scrape an
acquaintance with her, when she fell, and was so injured that she
died a week later. I suppose that the idea of the haunting comes
from the fact of the Governors making such drastic alterations in
that part of the house immediately afterwards. I am sorry you were
frightened by the story, and I can understand how you would rush
away, forgetting all about your books. But your fright is a small
matter compared with this business of the torn book.” As she spoke
the Head pointed in distaste at the ragged, dirty book in front of her,
and paused, looking at Dorothy as if expecting her to speak.
Dorothy had nothing to say. Having told the Head that she had
never seen the book before, it seemed useless to repeat her
assertion.
After a little pause Miss Arden went on: “Your Form-mistress says
that she has always found you truthful and straightforward in your
work. It is possible that you have an enemy who put the book
among your things. For the present I suspend judgment. As the
matter is something of a mystery, and others of the Form may be
involved, I must also suspend the Latin marks of the entire Form to-
day. Will you please tell Miss Groome that I will come to her room,
and talk about this question of the day’s Latin, at eleven o’clock. You
may go now.”
Dorothy bowed and went out, with her head held very high and
her heart feeling very heavy.
CHAPTER IX
UNDER A CLOUD
Dorothy understood now the reason why Hazel and Margaret had
treated her to so much cold shoulder that morning. There was a
keen sense of fairness in her make-up, and while she resented the
unfriendly treatment, in her heart she did not blame them for the
stand they had taken. If they really believed she did her work by
means of such helps as that torn book represented, then they were
quite within their rights in not wanting to have anything to do with
her. The thing which hurt her most was that they should have
passed judgment on her without giving her a chance to say a word
in her own defence. Yet even that was forgivable, seeing how strong
was the circumstantial evidence against her.
She walked into her Form-room, apologizing to Miss Groome for
being late, and she took her place as if nothing had been wrong.
The only girl who gave her a kind look, or spoke a friendly word,
was Rhoda Fleming, and Dorothy was ungrateful enough to wish she
had kept quiet.
Work went on as usual. Dorothy had given the message of the
Head to Miss Groome, who looked rather mystified, and was coldly
polite in her manner to Dorothy.
Never had a morning dragged as that one did; it took all
Dorothy’s powers of concentration to keep her mind fixed on her
work. She was thinking, ruefully enough, that she would not have
much chance of keeping her Form position if this sort of thing went
on for long. She blundered in her answers over things she knew very
well, and for the first time that term work was something of a
hardship.
Eleven o’clock at last! The hour had not done striking, and the
girls were, some of them, moving about preparing for the next work,
when the door opened, and the Head came in. She looked graver
than usual; that much the girls noticed as those who were seated
rose at her entrance, and those who were moving to and fro lined
up hastily to bow as she came in.
Motioning with her hand for them to sit down again, the Head
took the chair vacated for her by Miss Groome, and sitting down
began to talk to them, not as if they were schoolgirls merely, but as
woman to woman, telling them of her difficulty, and appealing to
their sense of honour to help her out of her present perplexity.
“I am very concerned for the honour of the school,” she said, and
there was a thrill of feeling in her voice which found an echo in the
hearts of the listeners. “This morning the prefect on duty for the
study floor found a pile of books lying partly on the table and partly
on the floor in No. 1 study. Lying open on the table, partly under the
other books, was a torn and dirty Latin key. The books were the
property of Dorothy Sedgewick, who had been the last to leave the
study overnight. The matter was reported to Miss Groome, who
brought the book to me; and I, as you know, sent for Dorothy to
come to me directly after breakfast. Dorothy says she has never
used a key, and that she had never seen that ragged old book. She
declares that it was not among her books overnight. When being
frightened by some one stealthily trying to enter her room, she rose
from her seat, and staying only to turn off the electric light, bolted
for the dorm, and went to bed. Miss Groome says she has always
found Dorothy straight in her work and truthful in her speech. This
being so, we are bound to believe her statement when she says she
has never seen that book, and that she has never used a key. But as
books do not walk about on their own feet, we have to discover who
put that book among Dorothy’s things. Can any of you give me any
information on the mystery, or tell me anything which might lead to
it being cleared up?”
There was dead silence among the girls. In fact, the hush was so
deep that they could hear a violin wailing in the distant music-room,
a chamber supposed to be sound-proof.
When the pause had lasted quite a long time, Hazel asked if she
might speak.
“I am waiting for some of you to begin,” replied the Head, smiling
at Hazel, though in truth her heart beat a little faster. Hazel had
always been a pupil to be proud of, and it was unthinkable that she
should be mixed up in a thing of this sort.
“There was no book ragged and dirty among Dorothy’s things
when we went to bed. There could not have been a book of that
sort in the room during the evening, for we had all been turning our
books out and tidying them in readiness to start the fresh week of
work. It was not more than twenty minutes after we had come down
to bed that Dorothy came rushing down to the dorm, looking white
and frightened. She was shaking so badly that she could hardly
stand. I helped her to bed; but I don’t think she slept well, as she
had nightmare, and woke most of us with her groaning and crying—
she had plainly had a very bad scare. I have had a lot to do with her
since the term began, and I have never known her say anything that
was not true; she does not even exaggerate, as some girls do.”
The brow of the Head cleared, her heart registered only normal
beats, and she said with a smile, “I am very glad for what you have
said, Hazel. Schoolgirls have a way of sticking together in a passive
way, keeping silent when they know that one is in the wrong, and
that sort of thing; but it is wholly refreshing, and a trifle unusual in
my experience, for them to bear testimony to each other’s
uprightness as you have done.”
Dorothy’s head drooped now. It was one thing to hold it high in
conscious innocence, when she was the suspected of all, but it broke
down her self-control to hear Hazel testifying to her truthfulness.
Margaret, who was sitting at the next desk, turned suddenly and
gripped Dorothy’s hand across the narrow dividing space, and
Dorothy suddenly felt it was worth while to be in trouble, to find that
she had the friendship of these two girls.
“Has any other girl anything to say?” asked the Head sweetly,
and she looked from one to the other, as if she would read the very
thoughts that were passing through their heads.
“Perhaps they would come to you quietly?” suggested Miss
Groome.
“I shall be pleased to see them if they prefer that way.” The Head
was smiling and serene, but there was a hint of steel under the
velvet of her manner; and then in a few quiet words she delivered
her ultimatum. “Pending the making plain of this mystery of how the
torn book came to be among Dorothy Sedgewick’s things, the whole
Form must be somewhat under a cloud. That is like life, you know;
we all have to suffer for the wrong-doing of each other. If in the past
Dorothy had been proved untruthful in speech and not straight in
her dealings, then we might have well let the punishment fall upon
her alone. As it is, you will all do your Latin for the week without any
marks. You will do your very best, too, for the girl producing poor
work in this direction will immediately put herself into the position of
a suspected person. If the statement of Dorothy, supported by the
testimony of Hazel, is to be believed, that the book was not in the
study overnight, then it must have been put there out of malice, and
it is up to you to find out who has done this thing.”
The Head rose as she finished speaking, and the girls rose too,
remaining on their feet until she had passed out of the room.
Great was the grumbling at the disaster which had fallen upon
the Form. Individual cases of cheating at work had occurred from
time to time, but nothing of this kind had cropped up within the
memory of the oldest inhabitant—not in the Sixth Form, that is to
say. It was supposed that by the time a girl had reached the Sixth
she had sown all her wild oats, and had become both outwardly and
in very truth a reliable member of society.
In this case there was malice as well as cheating. The girl who
owned the key had not merely used it to get a better place in her
form, but she had tried to bring an innocent person into trouble.
There was an agitated, explosive feeling in the atmosphere of the
Form-room that morning. But, thanks to the hint from the Head
concerning the character of work that would be expected of them,
Miss Groome had no cause for complaint against any of them.
As Jessie Wayne sagely remarked, the real test concerning who
was the owner of the torn book would come during the week, when
the girl had to do her work without the help of her key; most likely
the task for to-day had all been prepared before the book was slid in
among Dorothy’s things.
There was a good half of the girls who believed that Dorothy had
been using the key when she was scared by the ghost who haunted
that upper floor. They did not dare put their belief into words, but
they let it show in their actions, and Dorothy had to suffer.
Her great consolation was the way in which Hazel and Margaret
championed her. They had certainly given her the cold shoulder that
first morning, but since she had asserted her innocence so strongly,
they had not swerved in their loyalty. Jessie Wayne also declared she
was positive Dorothy had never used the key, because of the trouble
she took over her Latin.
The talk of the upper floor being haunted reached the ears of
Miss Groome, making her very angry; but she went very pale too,
for, with all her learning and her qualifications, she was very
primitive at the bottom, and she had confessed to being thoroughly
scared when the Head had a talk with her that day after Form work
was over.
The Head had asked if Miss Groome suspected any of her girls in
the matter of cribbing.
“I do not,” replied the Form-mistress. “Dorothy Sedgewick has, of
course, the hardest work to keep up with her Form, but she is doing
it by means of steady plodding. She is not brilliant, but she is not to
be beaten at steady work, and it is that which counts for most in the
long run.”
The Head nodded thoughtfully, then she asked in a rather
strange tone, “Did you wonder why I did not bring that tattered
book into the Form-room when I came to talk about it?”
“Yes, I did,” replied Miss Groome.
“I did not dare bring it because of the commotion which might
have sprung up.” The Head laughed softly as she spoke, and
unlocking an inner drawer of her desk, she produced the torn old
book which had made so much discomfort among the Sixth. “Look at
this.” As she spoke she put the dirty old thing into the hands of Miss
Groome, pointing to a name written in faded ink on the inside of the
cover.
The name was Amelia Herschstein, and when she had read it
Miss Groome asked with a little gasp, “Why! what does it mean?”
“That is just what I want to find out,” replied the Head crisply. “It
looks as if we are up against a full-sized mystery.”
CHAPTER X
FAIR FIGHTING
The weeks flew by. There had been no clue to the mystery of
that torn book which had Amelia Herschstein’s name written inside
the cover, and in the rush of other things the matter had been nearly
forgotten by most of the girls. The Head and Miss Groome did not
forget; but whereas Miss Groome frankly admitted herself scared
stiff by the uncanny character of the find, and refused to be left
alone in the sitting-room on the upper floor when the others had
gone to bed, the Head got into the habit of walking quietly up the
stairs most nights, going along the passage, opening the doors of
the different rooms, and coming down the other stairs.
She meant to get to the bottom of the mystery somehow, but so
far she had not found much reward for her searching. When the
governors had arrived on their monthly visit to the schools, and had
come to lunch with the girls, she had invited the unsuspecting
gentlemen into her private room, and had led the talk to the days of
the past, and then had put a few searching questions about the
tragedy of Amelia Herschstein, asking who she was, and how it
came about that such an accident occurred. To her surprise she
found they resented her questioning, and her attempts to get
information drew a blank every time.
Then she took her courage in her hands, and faced the three
gentlemen squarely. “The fact is,” she said, speaking in a low tone,
“I am up against a situation which fairly baffles me. If you had been
willing to talk to me about this affair of the tragic fate of the poor
girl, I might not have troubled you with my worries, or at least not
until I had settled them. I have found that Amelia is said to walk in
the upper passage where the studies are. This has the one good
effect of making the Sixth Form girls very ready to go to bed at
night. But I find that the mistresses do not take so much pleasure as
formerly in their private sitting-room, which is, as you know, also on
that passage. Then a week or two ago a girl, alone in a study up
there, was frightened by the sensation of something coming; she
saw the handle of the door turn, and the door come gently open for
a little way. I am sorry to say she did not stay to see what would
happen next, but bolted downstairs to the dorm as fast as she could
go. The strange part of the affair was that there was found among
that girl’s books next morning a torn old book, a key to the Latin just
then being studied by the Form, and the name inside the book,
written in faded ink across the inside of the cover, was Amelia
Herschstein.”
“Whew!” The exclamation came from the most formal looking of
the governors, and taking out his handkerchief he hurriedly mopped
his face as if he was very warm indeed.
“You understand now why I am anxious to know all there is to be
known about the tragedy.” The Head looked from one to the other of
the three gentlemen as she spoke, and she noted that they seemed
very much upset.
“It was a case which landed the school in heavy trouble,” said the
formal man, after a glance at the other two as if asking their consent
to speak. “It was proved pretty clearly from things which came out
at the inquest, and what the soldier afterwards admitted, that it was
not because she had fallen in love with him that Amelia arranged
meetings and talks with this soldier. She was trying to get from him
details of a government invention on which he had been working
before he came to Beckworth Camp. Now, a love affair of that sort
was bad enough for the reputation of the school, but can you not
see how infinitely worse a thing of this kind will prove?”
“Indeed I can.” The Head was frankly sympathetic now, and she
was taking back some of the hard thoughts she had cherished
against the unoffending governors.
“It was proved, too, that the father of Amelia had been in the
German Secret Service,” went on the formal man. “Consideration for
the feelings of the bereaved parents stopped the authorities from
taking further proceedings. The soldier, a promising young fellow,
and badly smitten by the young lady who was trying to make a tool
of him, was sent to India at his own request, and was killed in a
border skirmish a few months later. You understand now how it is
we do not care even among ourselves to talk of the affair.”
“I do understand,” the Head replied. “But what you have told me
does not throw any light on the mystery of how that book came to
be with Dorothy Sedgewick’s things in the No. 1 study.”
“It only points to the probability of some of Amelia’s kin being in
the school, and if that is found to be the case they will have to go,
and at once.” The formal man shut his mouth with a snap as if it
were a rat trap, and the Head nodded in complete understanding.
“Yes, they would certainly have to go,” she said, and then she
deftly turned the talk into other channels; and being a wise, as well
as a very clever woman, she saw to it that the cloud was chased
from their faces before they went away.
Now she knew where she stood, and it was with a feeling of
acute relief that she set herself to the business of finding out the
source from which that torn book came. The first thing to do was to
have a talk with Miss Groome. Her lip curled scornfully as she
recalled the terror displayed by the Form-mistress. Of what good
was higher education for women if it left them a prey to
superstitious fears such as might have oppressed poor women who
had no education at all?
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