Computer System

SENIOR
Servicing HIGH
SCHOOL
Grade 12
Module
Prepare maintenance
and/ or diagnosis of 2
faults in line with job Quarter 3
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Computer System Servicing Grade 12 Module on Prepare

maintenance and/ or diagnosis of faults in line with job requirements !

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from
Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-In-Charge Schools Division
Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership with the Local
Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto.
The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the Most
Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You
also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their
own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they
do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Computer System Servicing Grade 12 Module on Prepare

maintenance and/ or diagnosis of faults in line with job requirements !

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills
at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning material while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectation - These are what you will be able to know after

completing the lessons in the module

Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts
to be mastered throughout the lesson.

Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills that you
understand from the previous lesson.

Lesson- This section will discuss the topic for this module.

Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.

Wrap Up- This section summarizes the concepts and applications of

the lessons.

Valuing-this part will check the integration of values in the learning

competency.

Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the
entire module.

EXPECTATION
After going through with this module you are expected to;

1. Know the guidelines for testing computer

2. Implement these guidelines in order to test computer
successful and safe to use.

3. Manage the set standards or planned guidelines in order to

achieved a productive workplace.
 PRE–TEST

Before you proceed in this module it is important to know that the network you
designed should be properly working and managing a computer network takes
a lot of uneasy circumstances. There are two procedures that you may
frequently doing in maintaining your network or system unit.

1. Troubleshooting. a process of trial and error, in some cases, you may

need to use several different approaches before you can find a solution; other
problems may be easy to fix. This may takes a lot of steps or a single step to fix
the problem.

2. Diagnosing. computer problems can be hardware of software-related.

Through a well-executed diagnostic procedure, you will be able to pinpoint the
exact problem that is impairing your computer’s functionality. After you’ve
plainly defined the problem, you can them work your way to finding the perfect
remedy. This will ensure the proper and direct action to resolve the problem.

Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer by identifying the statement as
diagnosing process or troubleshooting procedure.
1. Make sure the computer is rebooted at least A. Diagnosing
once after the program is installed. Some
programs require the computer to be restarted B. Troubleshooting
after installation to work properly.

2. ipconfig- This command can be utilised to verify A. Diagnosing

a network connection as well as to verify your
network settings. B. Troubleshooting
3. Make sure all other programs are closed when A. Diagnosing
you run the program or utility. If the program
successfully runs after closing all other programs, B. Troubleshooting
the program may have conflicts with other
programs

4. To ensure Windows is getting addresses from A. Diagnosing

the new DNS servers instead of using old, cached
entries, run the ipconfig /flushdns command after B. Troubleshooting
changing your DNS server.

5. Update the application. To do this, click the A. Diagnosing

 Help menu and look for an option to check for
Updates. If you don't find this option, another idea B. Troubleshooting
is to run an online search for application updates.
6. Windows includes a system file checker tool A. Diagnosing
that scans all the Windows system files and looks
for problems. If system files are missing or B. Troubleshooting
corrupted, the system file checker will repair
them.

7. Check the cables. Make sure external speakers A. Diagnosing

are plugged in, turned on, and connected to the
correct audio port or a USB port. If your computer B. Troubleshooting
has color-coded ports, the audio output port will
usually be green.

8. One of the most interesting variants of netstat A. Diagnosing

is netstat -an , which will display a list of all open
network connections on their computer, along B. Troubleshooting
with the port they’re using and the foreign IP
address they’re connected to.

9. Test ping to the computer. Packet dropping and A. Diagnosing

high network latency may be observed.
B. Troubleshooting
10. type nslookup howtogeek.com at the A. Diagnosing
Command Prompt to quickly find out our server’s
assigned IP address. B. Troubleshooting

RECAP

System maintenance is an umbrella term that encompasses various forms of computer

maintenance needed to keep a system running. The two main components of system
maintenance are preventive and corrective maintenance. Preventive maintenance
involves taking measures to help keep the system functioning, whereas corrective
maintenance involves the replacement or repair of a system or its components after
they have already failed.

Always remember it is better to have prevention than to repair and replace part or
revised configuration. There are five things to remember in planning a monitoring
guide for your network. These are early detection of issues, prevention against viruses
and malware, speed up your computer, maximize your Software efficiency, and prevent
data loss.
 LESSON

Identify and diagnose computer network faults

1. Identify the symptoms and potential causes.

In this first step you define and determine the nature of the problem. Is it the user or
computer that is problematic? Are all websites unreachable, or just one or a few? Is
the computer consistently online or is the connection flapping? Are websites reachable
by IP address but not by name? Are there any error messages indicating what type of
error was encountered? Based on your answers to these questions you can begin to
make educated guesses as to the cause. Gather detailed information.

2. Identify the affected area.

This step is similar to the first step, but here you determine the extent of the problem.
Is it affecting one computer or user, or multiple computers or users? Are all computers
in the subnet (or all users in the domain) affected? Is the whole network down? If you
are providing support to another user, can you reproduce the error yourself? Gather
detailed information.

3. Establish what has changed.

This is where you try to put the connectivity problem in some kind of time frame. Find
out if the user was ever able to successfully do what he now cannot do. When did the
error first appear? Before the appearance of the error were there any programs or
operating system updates installed? How about new drivers or browser plugins? Were
any new nodes (clients, servers, networking devices, printers, etc) added to the
network? Any new users, user groups, or Active Directory objects such as domains,
OUs, or sites?

4. Establish the most probable cause.

Use your technical expertise to isolate and explain the cause of the problem. Some
indepth investigation and diagnostic tools will probably be required. This step is
described in more detail below.

5. Determine if escalation is necessary.

If you believe that the connectivity error is outside your scope of administration, you
will need to transfer responsibility for its resolution to another entity. For example, if
you cannot connect to the Internet and you strongly believe that the problem is not
your computer, router, or other equipment, you will need to contact your Internet
service provider (ISP) and ask them to investigate...perhaps one of their lines or routers
is down. Another scenario might involve a piece of equipment on your network that is
contractually administered by a third party.
6. Implement an action plan and solution including potential effects.

Whether the responsibility to fix the error falls on you or if you need to transfer it to
another party, you must devise a resolution and start checking off action items.

7. Test the result.

When you believe the steps of the action plan have been fulfilled, try to re-create the
error. Observe the results of the implementation. Is the problem gone? If not, repeat
steps 4, 5, and 6.

8. Identify the results and effects of the solution.

Once a solution has been found, ensure that normal network operation has been
restored and that no new problems have been introduced.

9. Document the solution and process.

Describe the error conditions and the steps taken for a solution. This will aid you in
troubleshooting the same or similar problems in the future. Make sure you include a
sufficient amount of detail, including operating system versions, application versions,
driver versions, software vendor update numbers, etc.

Whether you are fixing a UTP cable, an IPV4 configuration or folder sharing in a
network always follow the nine basic process in diagnosing fault in your network. An
example below will be useful for your next exercise.

Common Causes of Faulty Internet Connection

1. Slow connection.

Despite boasting fast connection speeds, both wireless and wired connections can still
get bogged down for a few reasons:

• Your device is located far from the router

• Your bandwidth is spread too thin, especially if there are plenty of devices
connected doing data-hungry applications and tasks
• Peak hours where people connect all at once, thereby causing congestion (e.g.
urban areas, libraries, hotels, etc).

2. No connection at all.

You might lose your connection entirely due to:

• Glitches in the router or modem

• Complete service outage, be it because of the weather, construction work, or

power problems

3. Service fluctuations.

Internet service providers (ISPs) also experience problems on their end, often resulting
in users not getting their contracted internet speed 24/7.
4. Equipment failure.

Your modem or router can be damaged, possibly as a result of power outages frying
the wires. You may also have outdated equipment in your hands that needs
upgrading.

5. Operator error.

The most common operator errors that cause faulty internet includes wires plugged
into the wrong jack, bad firewall rules set up, and duplicating IP addresses.

ACTIVITIES

Direction; Given the example above, Common Causes of Faulty Internet

Connection, fill out the worksheet by applying 9 basic steps in diagnosing fault in a
network. Complete the form by testing or initiating solutions to the problem.

Worksheet in Diagnosing Fault: Faulty Internet Connection

Computer Lab. Date: Check by: Repaired by:
____

1 Identify the Faulty Internet Connection.

symptoms and
potential
causes
2 Identify the Computer laboratory 1.
affected area
3 Establish What are the initial configurations or repair you have done.
what has
changed
4 Establish the Determine the cause of problem if initial step/s failed.
most probable
cause.

5 Determine if Determine the other factor of the problem.

escalation is
necessary
 6 Implement Initiate another action if you failed.
an action plan
and solution
including
potential
effects.
7 Test the Test the machine/network if working.
result.
8 Identify the Make sure your solution will not affect or cause trouble to computer/s or
results and configurations.
effects of the
solution.
9 Document Step 1
the solution Step 2
and process. Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
Step 7
………
……..

This will serve as your document for your future network problem solution.

WRAP–UP
The combination of computer and network technology has changed
people's life and learning mode. As the computer network technology is developing
rapidly and network fault is very complex, all kinds of network fault emerge in
endlessly. Computer network has very high speed, low production cost, so it is quickly
accepted by people, and become one of the important ways that people process daily
office data. The resulting network faults are becoming more and more common and
have various types, and we must have a professional knowledge of network theory
foundation and practical skills of network maintenance that to deal with network
failure problems timely, and make network maintenance quick and effective so that
the network can restore normal with the fastest speed.

For specific diagnostic techniques, on the network fault diagnosis, the general principle
for dealing with the network fault is “software first, hardware second”, but in practice,
it will depend on specific analysis, to find out the corresponding solution
 VALUING

He who is persevering is not afraid and makes a commitment

that he fulfills even though he may have falls and have to get
up with great e ffort.

Base on the steps in Diagnosing Faults in Network, what are the benefits a persevering
person can achieved even there are steps to accomplished to meet the goal.

1.

2.

POST TEST

Direction: Given the problem on internet connection failure, try to match column A to
B for the steps in resolving the connection failure.

Problem: No Internet Connection

Column A Column B
Possible solution or steps to resolve the Identify and diagnose computer network
problem faults
A. Ensure your wired or 1 Identify the symptoms
wireless network hardware and potential causes
is switched on and plugged
in.
B. Before assuming your 2 Identify the affected area
internet connection is faulty,
try visiting several popular
Web sites rather than just
one.
C. To resolve an IP conflict, 3 Establish what has
follow these instructions to changed
release and renew your IP
address. If your network
uses static IP addresses,
manually change your IP to
a different number.
D. If you've recently 4 Establish the most
installed or upgraded probable cause.
software firewalls on your
computer, temporarily
disable them to determine
whether it may be the cause
of Internet connection
problems.
E. Use one of these options 5 Determine if escalation is
to measure the strength of necessary
your wireless signal and try
these ideas to expand the
range of your Wi-Fi.
F. Confirm the Wi-Fi 6 Implement an action plan
channel number and and solution including
encryption keys on your potential effects.
router have not recently
changed (check with the
network administrator if
necessary)
G. Check the router's lights 7 Test the result.
and console if possible to
ensure it is running and
responding properly.
➢ H. 8 Identify the results and
➢ Check the computer effects of the solution.
for malware and
remove any found.
➢ On Windows
computers, try
resetting the network
connection.
➢ Reboot the computer
if necessary.
 Computer System
SENIOR
Servicing HIGH
SCHOOL
Grade 12

Obtain tools, equipment, and Module

testing devices needed for
correct operation and safety
3
Quarter 3
 EXPECTATION

After going through with this module you are expected to;
1. Maximized the uses of your IT tool;
2. Provide quality output in maintaining your workplace with the use of your IT tools;
3. Appreciate the importance of each tools as a valuable asset in performing task/s.

PRE–TEST

Tools are generally essential in any industry. As your networked computers will used
everyday you will be needing different tools to perform your maintenance tasks.

Direction: Identify what type of tool you are going to use for performing a
maintenance task. Write the first letter of the type of tool after the question.
E. ESD tools H. Hand tools C. Cleaning tools D. Diagnostic tools

1. Replacing a straight through 5. Removed tower case to clean the

cable. MOBO etc.
2. Removing dust and dirt. 6. Test the continuity of power
cable
3. Identify if connection faults. 7. Attach UTP cable to modular
jack
4. Prevent electroshock. 8. Organized removed screws and
locks

RECAP

Computer diagnostic tools are meant to output a message that

indicates a buy or any error with the system, program or device. It is
interesting to know that error reporting in Windows is an in-built PC
diagnostic tool and runs on its own anytime there occurs any problem with an
application. Computer diagnostic tools benefit computer users because it helps to
pinpoint problems with your computer.

Diagnostic software does its work by scanning the registry of the system in order to
find the inactive, incorrect and incomplete registry entries. There are special software
that even fix or eliminate the complicated registry entries. As a result, speed of the
system boosts and issues are handled flawlessly.

Hardware is also a very important element of every computer and undergoing faults
is obvious for it. Thankfully, such problems are also resolved with the top-notch
software. Here, you must know that while some software are geared towards
identifying hardware issues, others simply concentrate on application issues and
internal system..

After seeing faults the technician should have essential tools to resolved problems
either the unit of the system. In this module you are going to study the essential tool
you need to be able to fix and resolved problems in your workplace.

LESSON

For every job there should be the right tool. Make sure that you are familiar with the
correct use of each tool and that the correct tool is used for the current task. Skilled
use of tools and software makes the job less difficult and ensures that tasks are
performed properly and safely.

A toolkit should contain all the tools necessary to complete hardware repairs. As you
gain experience, you learn which tools to have available for different types of jobs.
Hardware tools are grouped into four categories:

1. ESD tools
Are tools that helps prevent electrostatic damage to a computer or any other
electrostatic sensitive device.

2. Hand tools
Most tools used in the computer assembly process are small hand tools. They are
available individually or as part of a computer repair toolkit. Toolkits range widely in
size, quality,

3. Cleaning tools
Having the appropriate cleaning tools is essential when maintaining and repairing
computers. Using the appropriate cleaning tools helps ensure that computer
components are not damaged during cleaning.
4. Diagnostic tools
Diagnostic tools are used to test and diagnose equipment. Diagnostic tools can be
use on hardware or software diagnosing tools.

ESD (electrostatic discharge) tools:

Antistatic mat. Alternatively referred to as a grounding mat, an antistatic mat is a
floor or table mat that reduces the risk of electrostatic discharge while working with
electrostatic sensitive equipment. The picture shows an example of a laptop being
repaired by a technician. The blue mat under this laptop is an antistatic mat.

Wrist strap. Also called an antistatic strap or antistatic wrist strap, a wrist strap
wraps around your wrist like a bracelet, with a conductive cord that attaches to the
computer. The wrist strap keeps the user grounded, which helps prevent electrostatic
damage to a computer or any other electrostatic sensitive device. The picture shows
a wrist strap with detachable strap around a wrist.

Hand tools
Flat-head screwdriver: Used to tighten or loosen slotted screws.

Phillips-head screwdriver: Used to tighten or loosen cross-headed screws.

Torx screwdriver: Used to tighten or loosen screws that have a star-like depression
on the top, a feature that is mainly found on laptops.
Hex driver: Used to tighten or loosen nuts in the same way that a screwdriver
tightens or loosens screws (sometimes called a nut driver.

Needle-nose pliers: Used to hold small parts.

Wire cutters: Used to strip and cut wires.

Tweezers: Used to manipulate small parts.

Part retriever: Used to retrieve parts from locations that are too small for your hand
to fit

Flashlight: Used to light up areas that you cannot see well.

Wire stripper: A wire stripper is used to remove the insulation from wire so that it
can be twisted to other wires or crimped to connectors to make a cable.

Crimper: Used to attach connectors to wires.

Punch-down tool: Used to terminate wire into termination blocks. Some cable
connectors must be connected to cables using a punch down tool.
Cleaning tools
Soft cloth: Used to clean different computer components without scratching or
leaving debris

Compressed air: Used to blow away dust and debris from different computer parts
without touching the components

Cable ties: Used to bundle cables neatly inside and outside of a computer

Parts organizer: Used to hold screws, jumpers, fasteners, and other small parts and
prevents them from getting mixed together

Diagnostic tools
Digital multimeter, as shown in figure below is a device that can take many types
of measurements. It tests the integrity of circuits and the quality of electricity in
computer components. A digital multimeter displays the information on an LCD or
LED.
LAN Tester
LAN Tester used in the workplace and are ideal for technical service professionals
and network administrators.e IP addresses, identify polarity, connected port and
link connectivity.

ACTIVITIES
From the types of tools discussed in this module, select two tool and
discuss how it is being use? How to keep this tool to prevent
damage? What are do’s and don’ts in using this tool. Refer to the table below for your
answer. See lesson video on this topic before filling out the table.

Tools in Computer System Servicing

Type of Tool Name of Tool Proper use Tool Maintenance How to
prevent tool damage
Anti Static mat -Always put on -Roll mat after near
ESD tools SU before using mat
repairing -Never keep
-never use mat water/liquid
as covering or
other purpose
-
-

-
Hand tools -

-
-
-
Cleaning tools -

-
-
 -
Diagnostic
tools -

Your answer will be included in your Digitized Activity Portfolio.

WRAP–UP

Hand tools enable you to perform manual jobs quickly and efficiently. Choosing the
right set of hand tools for your computer repair kit is crucial to getting you through
a large number of hardware malfunctions very easily and swiftly.

Always follow the correct usages of these tools and bear in mind that these tools are
your fix assets to perform your job. In a company acquiring maintenance tools is very
important. They invest for this and in return people who work with them should be
part of keeping the acquired things are in tucked. Tools are part of the business to
run and maintain the business flow same with your network in Computer System
Servicing.

VALUING
Right Tool for the Right job

As computer maintenance involves a lot of repairing and troubleshooting, mention

three factors how important tools or equipment in a company?

1.

2.

3
 POST TEST

Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. A type of tester used in the workplace and are ideal for technical service
professionals and network administrator, IP addresses, identify polarity, connected
port and link connectivity.
A Multi tester B LAN tester C Cable tester
2.Used to bundle cables neatly inside and outside of a computer
A Twisted wire B Cable ties C Utility ties
3. Used to blow away dust and debris from different computer parts without touching
the components
A Compressed air B Air blower C Compressor
4 Also called an antistatic strap or antistatic wrist strap
A . Wrist strap B Loop back tool C ESD tool
5. Used to tighten or loosen nuts in the same way that a screwdriver tightens or
loosens screws (sometimes called a nut driver.
A Hex driver B Screw driver C Flat screw driver
6. Used to hold screws, jumpers, fasteners, and other small parts and prevents them
from getting mixed together
A Tool cabinet B Tool box C Parts organizer
7. A device that can take many types of measurements. It tests the integrity of circuits
and the quality of electricity in computer components.
A Voltohmeter B Multi Tester C Digital multimeter
8. Used to terminate wire into termination blocks. Some cable connectors must be
connected to cables using a punch down tool.
A Punch-down tool B Wire stripper C Crimping tool
9. To have a straight through and crossover cable you will be needing this tool
A Crimping tool B LAN tester C Wire stripper
10 Are tools that helps prevent electrostatic damage to a computer or any other
electrostatic sensitive device.

A. ESD tool B, Antistatic mat C. Insulated tools

 R E F E R E N CE S
Web Links

Maintenance Tools For Better PC Performance

https://www.hongkiat.com/blog/best-pc-maintenance-tools-for-better-performance/

Importance of Diagnostics Tools For Every Computer

https://digitalbulls.weebly.com/blog/importance-of-diagnostics-tools-for-everycomputer

Tools to have when working on a computer

https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/t/tools.htm

IT Essentials https://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=2086239&seqNum=7

Tools for Your Computer Hardware Repair Kit https://bit.ly/2ZZ4BHB

Books and other Online Publication/s

Iry Englander, The architecture of computer hardware, system software, and networking, (
Hoboken, NJ 2009 ) 511
Web Links

Computer maintenance
https://bit.ly/2O4L5nw

Repair a Broken Ethernet Plug

https://www.instructables.com/id/Repair-a-Broken-Ethernet-Plug/

Common Causes of Faulty Internet Connection http://bitly.ws/8Z36

General Identification and Solutions of Computer Network Fault http://bitly.ws/8Z3Z

Fixing internet connection problems http://bitly.ws/8Z5c

Basic computer troubleshooting https://www.computerhope.com/basic.htm

https://bit.ly/3gGWzKj

Books and other Online Publication/s

Iry Englander, The architecture of computer hardware, system software, and networking, (
Hoboken, NJ 2009 ) 511