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Starting Out with Java: From Control Structures through Data Structures 3e (Gaddis and Muganda)
Chapter 6 A First Look at Classes

6.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1) One or more objects may be created from a(n):

A) field
B) class
C) method
D) instance
Answer: B

2) Class objects normally have ________ that perform useful operations on their data, but primitive
variables do not.
A) fields
B) instances
C) methods
D) relationships
Answer: C

3) In the cookie cutter metaphor, think of the ________ as a cookie cutter and ________ as the cookies.
A) object; classes
B) class; objects
C) class; fields
D) attribute; methods
Answer: B

4) Which of the following are classes from the Java API?

A) Scanner
B) Random
C) PrintWriter
D) All of the above
Answer: D

5) When you are working with a ________, you are using a storage location that holds a piece of data.
A) primitive variable
B) reference variable
C) numeric literal
D) binary number
Answer: A

6) What is stored by a reference variable?

A) A binary encoded decimal
B) A memory address
C) An object
D) A string
Answer: B

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7) Most programming languages that are in use today are:
A) procedural
B) logic
C) object-oriented
D) functional
Answer: C

8) Java allows you to create objects of this class in the same way you would create primitive variables.
A) Random
B) String
C) PrintWriter
D) Scanner
Answer: B

9) A UML diagram does not contain:

A) the class name
B) the method names
C) the field names
D) object names
Answer: D

10) Data hiding, which means that critical data stored inside the object is protected from code outside the
object, is accomplished in Java by:
A) using the public access specifier on the class methods
B) using the private access specifier on the class methods
C) using the private access specifier on the class definition
D) using the private access specifier on the class fields
Answer: D

11) For the following code, which statement is NOT true?

public class Sphere

{
private double radius;
public double x;
private double y;
private double z;
}
A) x is available to code that is written outside the Circle class.
B) radius is not available to code written outside the Circle class.
C) radius, x, y, and z are called members of the Circle class.
D) z is available to code that is written outside the Circle class.
Answer: D

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Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
12) You should not define a class field that is dependent upon the values of other class fields:
A) in order to avoid having stale data
B) because it is redundant
C) because it should be defined in another class
D) in order to keep it current
Answer: A

13) What does the following UML diagram entry mean?

+ setHeight(h : double) : void

A) this is a public attribute named Height and is a double data type
B) this is a private method with no parameters and returns a double data type
C) this is a private attribute named Height and is a double data type
D) this is a public method with a parameter of data type double and does not return a value
Answer: D

14) Methods that operate on an object's fields are called:

A) instance variables
B) instance methods
C) public methods
D) private methods
Answer: B

15) The scope of a private instance field is:

A) the instance methods of the same class
B) inside the class, but not inside any method
C) inside the parentheses of a method header
D) the method in which they are defined
Answer: A

16) A constructor:
A) always accepts two arguments
B) has return type of void
C) has the same name as the class
D) always has an access specifier of private
Answer: C

17) Which of the following statements will create a reference, str, to the String, "Hello, World"?
A) String str = "Hello, World";
B) string str = "Hello, World";
C) String str = new "Hello, World";
D) str = "Hello, World";
Answer: A

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Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
18) Two or more methods in a class may have the same name as long as:
A) they have different return types
B) they have different parameter lists
C) they have different return types, but the same parameter list
D) you cannot have two methods with the same name
Answer: B

19) Given the following code, what will be the value of finalAmount when it is displayed?

public class Order

{
private int orderNum;
private double orderAmount;
private double orderDiscount;

public Order(int orderNumber, double orderAmt,

double orderDisc)
{
orderNum = orderNumber;
orderAmount = orderAmt;
orderDiscount = orderDisc;
}
public int getOrderAmount()
{
return orderAmount;
}
public int getOrderDisc()
{
return orderDisc;
}
}

public class CustomerOrder

{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int ordNum = 1234;
double ordAmount = 580.00;
double discountPer = .1;
Order order;
double finalAmount = order.getOrderAmount() —
order.getOrderAmount() * order.getOrderDisc();
System.out.printf("Final order amount = $%,.2f\n",
finalAmount);
}
}
A) 528.00
B) 580.00
C) There is no value because the constructor has an error.
D) There is no value because the object order has not been created.
Answer: D

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20) A class specifies the ________ and ________ that a particular type of object has.
A) relationships; methods
B) fields; object names
C) fields; methods
D) relationships; object names
Answer: C

21) This refers to the combining of data and code into a single object.
A) Data hiding
B) Abstraction
C) Object
D) Encapsulation
Answer: D

22) Another term for an object of a class is:

A) access specifier
B) instance
C) member
D) method
Answer: B

23) In your textbook the general layout of a UML diagram is a box that is divided into three sections. The
top section has the ________; the middle section holds ________; the bottom section holds ________.
A) class name; attributes or fields; methods
B) class name; object name; methods
C) object name; attributes or fields; methods
D) object name; methods; attributes or fields
Answer: A

24) For the following code, which statement is NOT true?

public class Circle

{
private double radius;
public double x;
private double y;
}
A) x is available to code that is written outside the Circle class.
B) radius is not available to code written outside the Circle class.
C) radius, x, and y are called members of the Circle class.
D) y is available to code that is written outside the Circle class.
Answer: D

25) It is common practice in object-oriented programming to make all of a class's:

A) methods private
B) fields private
C) fields public
D) fields and methods public
Answer: B

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Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
26) After the header, the body of the method appears inside a set of:
A) brackets, []
B) parentheses, ()
C) braces, {}
D) double quotes, ""
Answer: C

27) In UML diagrams, this symbol indicates that a member is private:

A) *
B) #
C) -
D) +
Answer: C

28) In UML diagrams, this symbol indicates that a member is public.

A) /
B) @
C) -
D) +
Answer: D

29) In a UML diagram to indicate the data type of a variable enter:

A) the variable name followed by the data type
B) the variable name followed by a colon and the data type
C) the class name followed by the variable name followed by the data type
D) the data type followed by the variable name
Answer: B

30) When an object is created, the attributes associated with the object are called:
A) instance fields
B) instance methods
C) fixed attributes
D) class instances
Answer: A

31) When an object is passed as an argument to a method, what is passed into the method's parameter
variable?
A) the class name
B) the object's memory address
C) the values for each field
D) the method names
Answer: B

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Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
32) A constructor is a method that:
A) returns an object of the class.
B) never receives any arguments.
C) with the name ClassName.constructor.
D) performs initialization or setup operations.
Answer: D

33) The scope of a public instance field is:

A) only the class in which it is defined
B) inside the class, but not inside any method
C) inside the parentheses of a method header
D) the instance methods and methods outside the class
Answer: D

34) Which of the following statements will create a reference, str, to the string, "Hello, world"?

(1) String str = new String("Hello, world");

(2) String str = "Hello, world";
A) 1
B) 2
C) 1 and 2
D) neither 1 or 2
Answer: C

35) Overloading means multiple methods in the same class:

A) have the same name, but different return types
B) have different names, but the same parameter list
C) have the same name, but different parameter lists
D) perform the same function
Answer: C

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Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
36) Given the following code, what will be the value of finalAmount when it is displayed?

public class Order

{
private int orderNum;
private double orderAmount;
private double orderDiscount;

public Order(int orderNumber, double orderAmt,

double orderDisc)
{
orderNum = orderNumber;
orderAmount = orderAmt;
orderDiscount = orderDisc;
}

public double finalOrderTotal()

{
return orderAmount - orderAmount *
orderDiscount;
}
}

public class CustomerOrder

{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Order order;
int orderNumber = 1234;
double orderAmt = 580.00;
double orderDisc = .1;
order = new Order(orderNumber, orderAmt, orderDisc);
double finalAmount = order.finalOrderTotal();
System.out.printf("Final order amount = $%,.2f\n",
finalAmount);
}
}
A) 528.00
B) 580.00
C) 522.00
D) There is no value because the object order has not been created.
Answer: C

37) A class's responsibilities include:

A) the things a class is responsible for doing
B) the things a class is responsible for knowing
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B
Answer: C

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Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
38) Instance methods do not have this key word in their headers:
A) public
B) static
C) private
D) protected
Answer: B

39) Which of the following is NOT involved in finding the classes when developing an object-oriented
application?
A) Describe the problem domain.
B) Identify all the nouns.
C) Write the code.
D) Refine the list of nouns to include only those that are relevant to the problem.
Answer: C

40) This is a group of related classes.

A) archive
B) package
C) collection
D) attachment
Answer: B

41) Quite often you have to use this statement to make a group of classes available to a program.
A) import
B) use
C) link
D) assume
Answer: A

42) Look at the following statement.

import java.util.Scanner;

This is an example of
A) a wildcard import
B) an explicit import
C) unconditional import
D) conditional import
Answer: B

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Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
43) Look at the following statement.

import java.util.*;

This is an example of:

A) a wildcard import
B) an explicit import
C) unconditional import
D) conditional import
Answer: A

44) The following package is automatically imported into all Java programs.
A) java.java
B) java.default
C) java.util
D) java.lang
Answer: D

6.2 True/False Questions

1) An object can store data.

Answer: TRUE

2) A class in not an object, but a description of an object.

Answer: TRUE

3) An access specifier indicates how the class may be accessed.

Answer: TRUE

4) A method that stores a value in a class's field or in some other way changes the value of a field is
known as a mutator method.
Answer: TRUE

5) Instance methods should be declared static.

Answer: FALSE

6) A constructor is a method that is automatically called when an object is created.

Answer: TRUE

7) Shadowing is the term used to describe where the field name is hidden by the name of a local or
parameter variable.
Answer: TRUE

8) The public access specifier for a field indicates that the attribute may not be accessed by statements
outside the class.
Answer: FALSE

9) A method that gets a value from a class's field but does not change it is known as a mutator method.
Answer: FALSE
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Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
10) Instance methods do not have the key word static in their headers.
Answer: TRUE

11) The term "default constructor" is applied to the first constructor written by the author of a class.
Answer: FALSE

12) When a local variable in an instance method has the same name as an instance field, the instance field
hides the local variable.
Answer: FALSE

13) The term "no-arg constructor" is applied to any constructor that does not accept arguments.
Answer: TRUE

14) The java.lang package is automatically imported into all Java programs.
Answer: TRUE

11
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Everyone was at his place except Dorothy, the Wizard and Toto—and
of course Ozma's chair at the head of the table was vacant. Dorothy's
place was at Ozma's right, while the Wizard sat at her left. A few
minutes later, King Umb and Queen Ra, having decided that it would
arouse too much comment if they were absent from the dinner,
entered the sumptuous dining room and took their places on either
side of Ozma's vacant chair. Now only Toto remained absent.
The truth was that the little dog had overslept and had awakened
from his nap to find the shadows lengthening across the garden.
Realizing he was late for dinner, Toto hurried to the nearest palace
entrance and ran as quickly as he could to the Grand Dining Room.
As he entered, the first course of the meal was being served, and a
ripple of conversation rose from the two tables. The Scarecrow and
Scraps were chatting together. Betsy was telling Trot about the lovely
wild flowers she had found, and the Cowardly Lion and the Hungry
Tiger were discussing a visit they planned to their old jungle home in
the forest far to the south in the Quadling Country.
In spite of the apparent atmosphere of gayety, this gathering was not
at all like the merry company that usually assembled in the dining
room for the evening meal. First of all, the absence of the radiant
Ozma was keenly felt by the entire gathering, and this automatically
subdued the spirit of the occasion. Next, no one at the table had
failed to note and wonder at the fact that Dorothy and the Wizard—
usually so cheerful and cordial—had merely nodded unsmilingly to
their assembled friends as they had taken their places at the head of
the table. Finally, Scraps, the Scarecrow, Trot and Cap'n Bill, unable
to forget the strange conversation they had overheard in the garden
earlier in the day, stole curious glances at Dorothy and the Wizard,
seeking some clue to their unusual behavior.

"You're wrong—all of you are wrong," growled Toto ominously

As Toto trotted into the dining room, his bright little eyes immediately
sought out his mistress. Toto stopped short; his body became tense
with excitement. He barked loudly and then growled, "Where's
Dorothy?"
In the silence that fell over the dining room at the dog's unusual
actions, Toto repeated his question. "Where's Dorothy?" he
demanded.
The Scarecrow was staring earnestly at Toto. "Why, here's Dorothy,"
the straw man answered. "Right here, where she always sits."
"You're wrong—all of you are wrong," growled Toto ominously. The
little dog was quivering with excitement. "Whoever that is sitting
there might fool the rest of you, but she can't deceive me. She's not
Dorothy at all. Something's happened to Dorothy!"
 CHAPTER 9
Mr. and Mrs. Hi-Lo

"Step right in, folks! Watch your step, Miss. We're on our way up—
next stop the top! Only two stops—bottom and top. Next stop's the
top!"
The little man spoke with an air of importance, as he smiled at
Dorothy and the Wizard from the stool on which he was perched in
the car which the opening in the stone wall had revealed. They
peered at him curiously.
"Shall we go in?" asked Dorothy, drawing a deep breath.
"To be sure," said the Wizard. "Anything is better than this stone
prison."
"Ah, a philosopher, and a wise one, too," remarked the little man.
As soon as Dorothy and the Wizard were in the elevator—for such it
proved to be—the stone door swung shut. At once the little man
pressed one of several buttons on the side of the car and again they
heard the whirring sound which had puzzled them in the cavern.
Dorothy concluded it was caused by the machinery that operated the
elevator. The little car was shooting upward with a speed that caused
her ears to ring.
"Just swallow several times," advised the Wizard, sensing Dorothy's
discomfort. "That will make equal the air pressure inside and outside
your body. It's a trick I learned when I went up in my balloon to draw
crowds to the circus back in Omaha."
Dorothy did as the Wizard suggested and found the ringing sensation
disappeared.
"Who are you?" asked the Wizard gazing curiously at the little man.
"And where are you taking us?"
"You don't know who I am?" exclaimed the little man with surprise.
"After all, you know you did ring for the elevator, and since I am the
elevator operator, naturally I answered. Allow me to introduce myself.
My name is Hi-Lo and I am taking you to the only other place the
elevator goes except for the bottom—and that's to the top of Mount
Illuso. I assure you it's a far better place than the bottom!"
While he spoke, Dorothy had been regarding the little man who
called himself Hi-Lo. He was very short, his head coming only to
Dorothy's waist. He was dressed in a bright blue uniform with big,
gold buttons. A red cap was perched at a jaunty angle on his head.
His face was round and his cheeks as rosy as two apples. His blue
eyes were very bright and friendly. But the oddest thing about him
was that his clothes appeared to be a part of his body—as though
they were painted on. And Dorothy concluded he was most certainly
made of some substance other than flesh and blood.
"Ah, I see I've aroused your interest," remarked the little man with
satisfaction. "Well, I'm proud to tell you that I am made of the finest
white pine and painted with quick-drying four-hour enamel that flows
easily from the brush and is guaranteed not to chip, crack, craze or
peel. I'm easily washable, too; spots and stains wipe off in a jiffy with
a damp cloth or sponge—no rubbing or scrubbing for me! And I
suppose," Hi-Lo concluded vainly, "you've already admired my rich,
glossy finish and beautiful rainbow colors."
Dorothy smiled at this speech, and the Wizard asked, "Tell me, Hi-Lo,
do people live on the top of Mount Illuso?"
"Of course," Hi-Lo replied in his cheerful voice. "We have a thriving
community of folks—Pineville it's called. But we're all very happy and
contented," he went on hastily. "There's not a lonesome pine among
us, although there are several trails on the mountain top."
"But are there no flesh and blood folks, like us?" queried the Wizard.
Before Hi-Lo could answer, the elevator came to an abrupt stop.
"Well, here we are!" announced Hi-Lo cheerily. He pressed another
button. The door of the elevator swung open and Hi-Lo called, "All
out! All out! Top floor—all kinds of wooden goods, the best pine to be
had—pine tables, pine chairs, pine houses and pine people!"

Dorothy and the Wizard stepped from the elevator and surveyed the
scene before them. Yes, this was certainly the top of Mount Illuso.
The elevator exit was in a large stone wall, at least ten feet in height,
that appeared to circle the edge of the mountain top. Before them
spread a dense pine forest, while a small path led from the elevator
to a tiny cottage that stood nearby. The cottage was painted bright
blue with trim white shutters, and smoke was rising cheerily from its
red brick chimney.
"Right this way! Just follow me, folks," said Hi-Lo, trotting along the
path to the cottage, his little wooden legs moving with surprising
speed. "Mrs. Hi-Lo will certainly be surprised to see you. You are a
real event—the very first visitors we have ever had from down
below."
As they approached the tiny cottage, the front door swung open, and
a little woman stood in the doorway. She was even smaller than Hi-
Lo, and like him was made of wood and painted with the same bright
enamels. She wore a blue and white apron over a red polka-dot
dress. On her head was a trim little lace cap.
"My goodness!" she beamed. "Visitors at last! Do come in and make
yourselves comfortable."
The Wizard found it necessary to bend over to get in the doorway, so
small was the cottage. Once inside, his head nearly touched the
ceiling. The cottage was neatly and attractively furnished with
comfortable pine chairs, tables and a large davenport drawn before a
fireplace on which a log fire crackled cheerfully. The air was sharp on
the mountain top, so the bright fire was a welcome sight to the two
wanderers. All the furniture glowed with the cheerful, gaudy hues of
glossy enamel. Dorothy thought that the wholesome aroma of pine
scent that filled the cottage was especially delightful.
 Once inside, the Wizard's head nearly touched the ceiling

"Great pine cones!" exclaimed Mrs. Hi-Lo. "You must be half starved.
I'll get you something to eat in no time at all. Tell me, would you like
a delicious cross cut of pine steak with pine-dust pudding, fresh, crisp
pine-needle salad with turpentine dressing and a strawberry pine
cone for dessert?"
Dorothy almost laughed aloud at this strange food, but the little
Wizard answered courteously, "You are most kind, Madame, but I
fear our systems would not be able to digest the delicacies you
suggest. Perhaps you have something that meat folks like us could
eat?"
"Of course!" cried Mrs. Hi-Lo. "How stupid of me! You are meat folks
—too bad," she added critically. "It must be a terrible bother to take
off and put on all those clothes and to keep your hair trimmed and
your nails pared."
"Now, Mother, let's not draw unkind comparisons," cautioned Hi-Lo
diplomatically, as he settled himself into a comfortable chair. "None of
us is perfect, you know. Remember that spring when you sprouted a
green twig on your right shoulder?"
"You are right," said Mrs. Hi-Lo with a laugh. "We all have our weak
points." And with that the little lady bustled off into the kitchen.
Dorothy and the Wizard sat down gingerly on two of the largest
chairs the room contained. But small as the chairs were, they proved
quite sturdy and readily supported their weight.
"Is there any way," asked the Wizard, "that we can leave this
mountain top?"
Hi-Lo sat bolt upright in his chair and stared at the Wizard in
amazement. "Leave the mountain top?" he repeated as if he couldn't
believe his own ears. "Do I understand you to say that you want to
leave this delightful place—this most favored spot in the universe?"
"We do," said the Wizard emphatically. "Our home is in the Land of
Oz, and we desire to return there as quickly as possible."
"But why?" asked Hi-Lo. "No place could be as delightful as this
mountain top. Just wait until you have become acquainted with it—
our healthful, refreshing climate, our beautiful pine forest, our
handsome village of Pineville and its delightful people!"
"Have you ever been anywhere else?" asked the Wizard quietly.
"No, never—but—"
"Then permit me to say," replied the Wizard, "that you are not
qualified to judge. Little Dorothy and I have traveled in many strange
lands all over the world, and we prefer the Land of Oz for our home."
"Well, everyone to his own taste, of course," muttered Hi-Lo,
unconvinced and a trifle crestfallen.
Just then Mrs. Hi-Lo re-entered the room bearing a tray laden with
steaming hot foods. At her invitation Dorothy and the Wizard pulled
their chairs up to a table, and Mrs. Hi-Lo served the food on gleaming
white enameled pine platters and dishes. There was savory vegetable
soup, scrambled eggs, cheese, lettuce and tomato salad, chocolate
layer cake and lemonade. The food was delicious and as Dorothy and
the Wizard had not eaten since breakfast, and it was now nearly
evening, they did full justice to the meal. Mr. and Mrs. Hi-Lo looked
on with polite curiosity, marveling that the strangers could enjoy such
odd food.
When they had finished the Wizard sighed with satisfaction and sat
back in his chair. "Where did you get this excellent food, if there are
no human beings on the mountain top?" he asked.
"Oh, but there is one meat person like yourselves on Mount Illuso,"
said Mrs. Hi-Lo. "She is our ruler, and many years ago she gave me
the magic recipe for the preparation of human food. As you are the
first human visitors we have ever had, this is the first time I have had
occasion to use the recipe."
"Who is this ruler of yours?" inquired Dorothy.
"She is a beautiful Fairy Princess, named Ozana," Hi-Lo replied.
"Ozana!" exclaimed Dorothy. "Wizard, did you hear that? Ozana—
doesn't that sound an awful lot like an Oz name?"
"It certainly does," agreed the little man. "May we see this Princess
Ozana of yours?" he asked Hi-Lo.
"I was about to mention," replied Hi-Lo, "that it was Ozana's orders
when she appointed me Keeper of the Elevator that I was to instruct
any passengers I might have to seek her out at her home in
Pineville."
"Oh, let's go see her right away!" exclaimed Dorothy excitedly.
"Not tonight," objected Hi-Lo. "You would never find your way
through the Pine Forest in the dark. You may stay with us tonight and
be on your way to see Princess Ozana early in the morning."
Dorothy and the Wizard could offer no objection to this sensible and
kindly offer of hospitality. Since it was now quite dark outside, and
the little cottage was cheerful and cozy with the log fire casting
dancing reflections in the brightly enameled furniture, they were
quite content to spend the night there.
After several more questions about the ruler who called herself
Ozana, Dorothy and the Wizard decided that Hi-Lo and his wife knew
nothing more beyond the facts that Princess Ozana had created the
pine folks and built the village for them to live in.
"Have you and Hi-Lo always lived here alone?" Dorothy asked Mrs.
Hi-Lo.
The little woman's expression was sad as she answered, "No. Once
we had a son. He was not a very good boy and was continually
getting into mischief. He was the only one of our wooden folks who
ever was discontented with life here on Mount Illuso. He wanted to
travel and see the world. We could do nothing at all with him." Mrs.
Hi-Lo sighed and continued, "One day a friendly stork paused in a
long flight to rest on Mount Illuso, and the naughty boy persuaded
the stork to carry him into the great outside world. From that time on
we have never heard anything more of him. I often wonder what
happened to our poor son," the little woman concluded in a sorrowful
tone.
"How big was your boy?" asked the Wizard. "Was he just a little
shaver?"
"Oh, no," replied Mrs. Hi-Lo. "He was almost fully grown—a young
stripling, I should call him."
"And was his name Charlie?" inquired the Wizard thoughtfully.
"Yes! Yes, it was! Oh, tell me, Sir," implored Mrs. Hi-Lo, "do you,
perchance, know my son?"
"Not personally," replied the Wizard. "But I can assure you, Madame,
that you have nothing to worry about where your son Charlie is
concerned. That friendly stork knew his business and left Charlie on
the right doorstep."
The Wizard had a small radio in his apartment in the Royal Palace in
the Emerald City, which he sometimes turned on and listened to with
much curiosity. But he never listened for long, as he was subject to
headaches when listening to anything but good music.
"Oh, thank you!" exclaimed Mrs. Hi-Lo. "It is such a relief to know
that our Charlie turned out all right after all. There were times," the
woman confessed, "when I had a horrible suspicion that he was
made from a bad grade of pine—knotty pine, you know."
"There are those who share that opinion," murmured the Wizard. But
Mrs. Hi-Lo was so overjoyed to hear of her son that she paid no
attention to the Wizard's words.
Hi-Lo, who seemed totally uninterested in this conversation
concerning his wayward son, merely muttered, "A bad one, that
youngster," and then yawned somewhat pointedly and remarked that
since their beds were far too small for their guests to occupy, he and
his wife would retire to their bedrooms and Dorothy and the Wizard
could pass the night in the living room.
Mrs. Hi-Lo supplied them with warm blankets and soft pillows, and
then she and Hi-Lo bid them a happy good night. Dorothy made a
snug bed on the davenport, while the Wizard curled up cozily before
the fire.
Just before Dorothy dropped off to sleep she asked, "Do you suppose
this Princess Ozana has any connection with Oz, Wizard?"
"It is possible, and then again, the name may be merely a
coincidence, my dear," the little man answered sleepily, "so don't
build your hopes too high."
A moment later Dorothy's eyes closed and she was sound asleep,
dreaming that Toto, in a bright blue uniform with big gold buttons
and a little red cap, was operating the elevator and saying, "Right this
way, Dorothy! Step lively, please. Going up—next stop, Princess
Ozana!"
 CHAPTER 10
The Village of Pineville

Dorothy and the Wizard awakened bright and early the next morning,
eager to pursue their adventures. Mrs. Hi-Lo prepared a hearty
breakfast for them from her magic recipe and, as they made ready to
leave the pretty little cottage, Hi-Lo advised them:
"Just follow the trail that leads through the Pine Forest and you will
come to the Village of Pineville where Princess Ozana lives. You can't
miss it, and if you walk steadily you should be there by noon."
Stepping from the cottage, Dorothy and the Wizard found the
morning sun bright and warm and the air filled with the pungent
aroma of pine from the forest.
"Good-bye!" called Mrs. Hi-Lo from the door of the cottage.
"Good-bye!" called Mr. Hi-Lo. "Don't forget to remember us to the
Princess!"
"We won't," promised Dorothy. "We'll tell her how kind you've been to
us."
In a short time the cottage was lost to their view, and the two
travelers were deep in the cool shade of the Pine Forest. The trail
over which they walked was carpeted with pine needles, making a
soft and pleasant path for their feet.
Once when they paused to rest for a few moments a red squirrel
frisked down a nearby tree and, sitting on a stump before Dorothy,
asked saucily, "Where to, strangers?"
"We're on our way to see Princess Ozana," said Dorothy.
"Oh, are you indeed!" exclaimed the squirrel with a flirt of his
whiskers. "Well, you are just halfway there. If you walk briskly you'll
find yourselves out of the forest in another two hours."
"How do you know we are just halfway there?" asked Dorothy.
"Because I've measured the distance many times," replied the
squirrel.
"I should think you would prefer to live nearer the village of
Pineville," remarked Dorothy. "It must be very lonesome here in this
deep pine forest."

"Oho! That shows how unobserving you mortals are!" exclaimed the
red squirrel. "My family and I wouldn't think of living anywhere but
here, no matter how lonely it is. Know why?"
"No, I must say I don't," confessed the girl.
"Look at my tree—look at my tree!" chattered the squirrel, flirting his
big bushy tail in the direction of the tree from which he had
appeared.
"Of course!" chuckled the Wizard. "It's a hickory tree!"
"But I don't see—" began Dorothy in perplexity.
"What do squirrels like best of all, my dear?" asked the Wizard,
smiling with amusement.
"Oh, Wizard, why didn't I think of that? They like nuts, of course!"
"Exactly!" snapped the little red squirrel. "And since pine trees do not
bear nuts and hickory trees do—well, city life and fine company may
be all right for some folks, but I prefer to remain here in comfort
where I know my family will be well provided for."
And with that the wise little creature gave a leap and a bound and
darted up the trunk of the one and only nut tree in all the Pine
Forest.
Dorothy and the Wizard followed the pine-needle trail on through the
Pine Forest until finally the trees thinned and they stepped out into
an open meadow, bright with yellow buttercups. The sun was almost
directly overhead by this time.
Below the two travelers, in a pretty green valley that formed the
center of the mountain top, lay a small village of several hundred
cottages, all similar to Hi-Lo's. The buildings were painted with glossy
blue enamel and shone brilliantly in the sun. They were grouped in a
circle about one large central cottage that differed from the others in
that it was considerably larger, and, from where Dorothy and the
Wizard stood, appeared to be surrounded by rather extensive
gardens and grounds.
Dorothy and the Wizard followed the trail over the meadow to a point
where it broadened into a street that led among the houses. The two
travelers set out on this street, which was wide and pleasant and
paved with blocks of white pine.
As Dorothy and the Wizard walked through the village, they saw that
the cottages were occupied by wooden folks, much like Hi-Lo and his
wife. A wooden woman was washing the windows of her cottage. A
wooden man with wooden shears was trimming the hedge around his
house. Another was repairing the white picket fence around his
cottage. Tiny wooden children, almost doll-like they were so small,
played in the yards. From one cottage a spotted wooden dog ran into
the road and barked at the strangers.
 They saw wooden folks—much like Mr. and Mrs. Hi-Lo

"I suppose he's made of dog-wood," observed Dorothy with a smile.

Dorothy and the Wizard aroused much curiosity among the little
wooden folk, most of whom paused in their work to stare at the
strangers as they passed. But none of them seemed to fear the meat
people.
A wooden lady approached them, walking down the street with quick,
lively steps. On her arm was a market basket full of green pine
cones. Pausing, the Wizard removed his hat and in his most polite
manner addressed her.
"Pardon me, Madame. Can you tell me if this street leads to the
palace of Princess Ozana?"
"Palace? What's that?" asked the woman with a puzzled expression
on her face. "I don't know what a palace is, Sir, but if you follow this
street you will come to the cottage where our Princess Ozana dwells."
"Thank you, Madame," said the Wizard, and the little woman trotted
busily down the street.

In a few minutes more Dorothy and the Wizard had reached the
central part of Pineville. Here a trim, white picket fence encircled a
large area that seemed to be one huge flower garden with every sort
of flower imaginable growing in it. In the exact center of this
enclosure stood an attractive blue cottage, large enough to
accommodate comfortably full-sized human beings. Just in front of
the cottage was a pond of placid blue water. In the pond grew water
lilies and all sorts of flowering plants that one finds in lakes and
ponds.
The path that led from the entrance of the cottage divided at the
pond's edge and encircled the water, meeting on the opposite side of
the pond and running again as a single path to a gate in the fence
before which Dorothy and the Wizard stood. Forming a bower over
the gate was a white wooden trellis covered with roses. From the
center of the pretty trellis hung a blue sign with these words in white
enameled letters:

"Well, I guess that means us," said the Wizard with a smile, as he
read the sign and pushed open the gate.
 CHAPTER 11
Princess Ozana

Dorothy exclaimed with delight as they stepped through the garden

gate. She had no idea any garden could be so beautiful. Flowers of
every known variety grew in profusion. Save for the mossy paths that
wound through the garden, there was not a spot of ground that was
without blossoming plants. As for the pond, it was like a small sea of
lovely blossoming water plants. At the far edge of the pond Dorothy
noted three graceful white swans, sleeping in the shade of a large
flowering bush that grew at the edge of the pond and trailed its
blossoms into the water. The air was sweet with the perfume of
thousands and thousands of flowers.
"Oh, Wizard," gasped Dorothy, "did you ever see anything so lovely?"
"It is indeed a beautiful sight," replied the little man admiringly.
Here and there, throughout the garden, a score or more of little
wooden men were busily at work. Some were watering plants from
blue wooden pails, others were trimming blossoming bushes and
hedges, some were digging out weeds, and others were building
trellises for climbing vines. None of them took the slightest notice of
Dorothy and the Wizard, so absorbed were they in their work.
Not far from where Dorothy and the Wizard stood, was a little maid,
on her knees, digging with a trowel in the soft earth about a beautiful
rambling rose bush that climbed above her on a blue trellis.
"Let's ask her where we can find Princess Ozana," suggested
Dorothy.
A few steps brought them to the side of the maiden who wore a
pretty blue apron with a pink petal design. On her hands were
gardening gloves and her golden hair fell loosely down her back.
"I wonder," began the Wizard, "if you can tell us if the Princess Ozana
is in?"
The little maid looked up, regarding the strangers with friendly
curiosity. Dorothy saw that she was very lovely. Her eyes were as soft
as shy woodland violets, and of the same purple hue; her skin as
delicately colored as fragile petals, and her lips were like rosebuds.

"No," the maid replied with a suspicion of a smile in her voice,

"Princess Ozana is not in her cottage at the moment."
"Perhaps you know where we can find her," suggested the Wizard.
At this the little maid gave a silvery laugh and exclaimed, "You have
found her—I am Princess Ozana!"
"Of course, Wizard," said Dorothy, "Princess Ozana is the only flesh
and blood person on Mount Illuso 'cept for us, so this just must be
she. Besides," she added, "no one else could be so beautiful."
"Thank you, my dear," said Ozana graciously, as she rose to her feet.
"And you, Sir," she continued, turning to the Wizard and sweetly
easing the little man's embarrassment, "could scarcely be blamed for
failing to recognize a princess garbed so simply and digging in a
garden."

"I most humbly ask your pardon," murmured the Wizard

"I most humbly ask your pardon," murmured the Wizard.

"Come," said Ozana, "let us go into my cottage, where we can talk at
ease. I must know all about you."
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